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Today, the optimization of chromatographic separation is usually based on experimental work and rule of thumb. The process and analytical technology (PAT) initiative, of the US Food and Drug Administration, has provided the opportunity of using model-based approach when designing downstream processing of pharmaceutical substances. A nonlinear chromatography model was used in this study to optimize

An experiment was designed to resolve two largely unaddressed questions about the turnover of N in soils. One is the influence of microbial growth rate on mobilization and remineralization of cellular N. The other is to what extent heterotrophic immobilization of NO3- is controlled by the soil concentration of NH4+. Bacteria were extracted from a deciduous forest soil and inoculated into an aqueou

A molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was synthesized with 17 beta-estradiol (E2) as template. It was then capable to recover this compound by 100 +/- 0.6% from a 2 mu g/L aqueous solution. By comparison, E2 recoveries of 77 +/- 5.2%, 87.1 +/- 2.3% and 19.1 +/- 7.8%, were achieved using a non-imprinted polymer (NIP) synthesized under the same conditions (but without template), a commercial C18 ext

We investigated the potential use of Al2O3:C for medical proton dosimetry. Detector crystals coupled to fiber-optic cables were irradiated in proton beams with energies from 10 to 60 MeV. The key finding is that the initial intensity of the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) signal is energy independent for small detectors (<0.5mm) and relatively small doses (<0.3Gy). This feature is related

AIM: The goal of this study was to evaluate the incidence of myocardial infarction, cancer and death in relation to use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT). METHODS: Nine years' follow up of an urban cohort of peri-/postmenopausal women was undertaken. Local and national registers were used for retrieval of events. RESULTS: The incidence of myocardial infarction per 1.000 person-years in users an

Helicobacter pylori exists in two different morphological forms, spiral and coccoid. This study demonstrated that both forms can infect BALB/c A mice. The animals were inoculated orally three times at 2-day intervals with 10(8) cfu of both spiral and coccoid forms of strain CCUG 17874 (NCTC 11637), strain 25 and strain 553/93. Infection was followed over a 30-week period by histological scoring of

We investigated the effects of UDCA on sphingomyelinase (SMase) in Caco 2 cells cultured in monolayer and polarized conditions. Alkaline SMase activity was high in polarized cells whereas. acid and neutral SMase activities were high in monolayer cells. In polarized cells, UDCA increased alkaline SMase expression and caspase 3 activity but had no effect on acid and neutral SMases. In monolayer cell

Polarisation spectroscopy (PS) was used to probe CO2 gas concentration in a CO2/N-2 binary mixture at atmospheric pressure and ambient temperature. The CO2 molecules were probed by a direct laser excitation to an overtone and combination vibrational state. The tuneable narrow linewidth infrared laser radiation at 2 mum was obtained by Raman shifting of the output from a single-longitudinal-mode pu

Mirtazapine pharmacokinctic (PK) data from patients on long-term treatment for major depression have never been investigated. For this reason, in a large naturalistic outpatient study (prospective, multicenter, open-labeled, and noncomparative) conducted in Sweden in the period 2000 2002, one of the main objectives was to outline the inter- as well as intraindividual PK variance of mirtazapine and

A hollow fiber supported liquid membrane extraction method for the liquid chromatographic determination of dinitrophenolic compounds at ppt levels has been developed. Different variables affecting the extraction process, such as extraction time, shaking speed, acceptor pH, acceptor buffer concentration, salt content and humic acids have been studied. Enrichment factors up to 7000 times were obtain

Strain stability of plasmid-containing recombinant organisms is clearly important for industrial applications. Stability is normally assessed by methods such as selective colony forming units or by simply measuring the recombinant product. These methods are typically performed off-line, are time-consuming, and do not give detailed information on the changes in the metabolism. In the current work,

Genotyping of Chlamydia trachomatis is limited by the low sequence variation in the genome, and no adequate method is available for analysis of the spread of chlamydial infections in the community. We have developed a multillocus sequence typing (MLST) system based on five target regions and compared it with analysis of ompA, the single gene most extensively used for genotyping. Sequence determina

Oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) contributes to the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, partly by altering gene expression in vascular cells. Here, we show 221 genes differentially regulated by oxLDL in coronary artery smooth muscle cells (CASMC), using oligonucleotide microarrays. These genes were classified into 14 functional groups. A comparable gene expression pattern was detected in a

This is the first report of the Twin Mom Study, an investigation. of three hypotheses concerning influences on maternal adjustment. These hypotheses concern the role of the marital and parent-child relationships in mediating genetic influences on maternal adjustment and on the importance of the mothers' marital partners as a specifiable source of influences on their adjustment not shared with thei

This paper focuses on challenges in implementation of research in community-based occupational therapy practice. Based on a two-year project in a south Swedish municipality aiming at studying implementation of structured assessment procedures in the housing adaptation process, the first purpose is to provide a detailed project description, and the second is to report on first results identifying c

Summary The leaking of water through roofs is a major problem in many parts of Tunisia. As a part of a collaboration between "École N: ionale d'Ingénieurs de Tunis" (E.N.I.T.) and Lund University, Institute of Science and Technology (L.N.T.H.), Sweden, a measuring method has been developed to compare the watertightness of different roofing membranes. With the method, three roof structues with diff

BACKGROUND: The S-s-U- phenotype in African Americans is due to a GYPB deletion, however the molecular basis for the S-s-U+var phenotype is poorly understood. Variable reactivity of S-s-U+var RBCs with monoclonal anti-He or by anti-U has been demonstrated, however the underlying molecular bases for this phenotype remain to be established. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Hemagglutination was performed on