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In the late 19th century, political debates emerged in Sweden and Norway as well as in Finland concerning Travelling families – in this article defined as indigenous itinerant families whom the settled population pejoratively designated with terms such as ‘tatere’ (Norway), ‘tattare’ (Sweden) or ‘zigenare’ (Finland). In this article, these debates are compared, and the transfer of ideas and propos
A cross-national study, 49 samples in 38 nations, N=4,344, investigates whether national peace and conflict reflect ambivalent warmth-competence stereotypes: High-conflict societies (Pakistan) may need clearcut, unambivalent group images-distinguishing friends from foes. Highly peaceful countries (Denmark) also may need less ambivalence because most groups occupy the shared national identity, with
In this paper, we describe KOSHIK, an end-to-end framework to process the unstructured natural language content of multilingual documents. We used the Hadoop distributed computing infrastructure to build this framework as it enables KOSHIK to easily scale by adding inexpensive commodity hardware. We designed an annotation model that allows the processing algorithms to incrementally add layers of a
Inthispaper,wedescribeanovelsystemthatidentifiesrelationsbetweentheobjectsextractedfromanimage. We started from the idea that in addition to the geometric and visual properties of the image objects, we could exploit lexical and semantic information from the text accompanying the image. As experimental set up, we gathered a corpus of images from Wikipedia as well as their associated articles. We ex
Most question answering systems feature a step to predict an expected answer type given a question. Li and Roth \cite{li2002learning} proposed an oft-cited taxonomy to the categorize the answer types as well as an annotated data set. While offering a framework compatible with supervised learning, this method builds on a fixed and rigid model that has to be updated when the question-answering domai
The massive amounts of text data made available through the Google Books digitization project have inspired a new field of big-data textual research. Named culturomics, this field has attracted the attention of a growing number of scholars over recent years. However, initial studies based on these data have been criticized for not referring to relevant work in linguistics and language technology.
This paper describes a set of methods to link entities across images and text. As a corpus, we used a data set of images, where each image is commented by a short caption and where the regions in the images are manually segmented and labeled with a category. We extracted the entity mentions from the captions and we computed a semantic similarity between the mentions and the region labels. We also
The purpose of this study is to investigate the interaction between small-scale turbulence and aerosol and cloud microphysical properties using direct numerical simulations (DNS). We consider the domain located at the height of about 2000 m from the sea level, experiencing transient high supersaturation due to atmospheric fluctuations of temperature and humidity. To study the effect of total numbe
Pepper spray (OC) is a policing tool aimed to prevent or stop aggressive behavior by quickly and temporarily incapacitate without injuring. To date, few studies have investigated OC’s operational usefulness and limitations. OC reduced violent behavior in 93% of the 936 incidents investigated. However, the operative range was often <2 m and it took between 3 and 5 s of spraying before obtaining eff
It has been widely reported that isoprene emissions from the Arctic ecosystem have a strong temperature response. Here we identify sedges (Carex spp. and Eriophorum spp.) as key contributors to this high sensitivity using plant chamber experiments. We observe that sedges exhibit a markedly stronger temperature response compared to that of other isoprene emitters and predictions by the widely accep
Citizens have increasingly diversified their use of social media platforms, raising questions about which platforms are adopted and for what purposes. We use survey data from four countries (Canada, France, the United States, and the United Kingdom) gathered in 2019 and 2021 (n = 12,302) about Facebook, YouTube, Instagram, Twitter, Reddit, Snapchat, and WhatsApp. Political ideology predicts the ad
The investigation of triggers causing the onset and intensification of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation (NHG) during the late Pliocene is essential for understanding the global climate system, with important implications for projecting future climate changes. Despite their critical roles in the global climate system, influences of land-ocean interactions on high-latitude ice sheets remain largely un
We investigate the persistance of embedded eigenvalues under perturbations of a certain self-adjoint Schrödinger-type differential operator in L2(R; Rn), with an asymptotically periodic potential. The studied perturbations are small and belong to a certain Banach space with a specified decay rate, in particular, a weighted space of continuous matrix valued functions. Our main result is that the se
Both trio and population designs are popular study designs for identifying risk genetic variants in genome-wide association studies (GWASs). The trio design, as a family-based design, is robust to confounding due to population structure, whereas the population design is often more powerful due to larger sample sizes. Here, we propose KnockoffHybrid, a knockoff-based statistical method for hybrid a
Atmospheric trace gas measurements can be used to independently assess national greenhouse gas inventories through inverse modeling. Atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O) measurements made in the United Kingdom (UK) and Republic of Ireland are used to derive monthly N2O emissions for 2013–2022 using two different inverse methods. We find mean UK emissions of 90.5 ± 23.0 (1σ) and 111.7 ± 32.1 (1σ) Gg N2O
RNA sequencing (RNAseq) methodology has experienced a burst of technological developments in the last decade, which has opened up opportunities for studying the mechanisms of adaptation to environmental factors at both the organismal and cellular level. Selecting the most suitable experimental approach for specific research questions and model systems can, however, be a challenge and researchers i
Biomass residues are often considered key in a reorientation towards circular bioeconomies, both by returning organic matter and nutrients to soils and by expanding the feedstock base for fossil-free products. Different indicators are available to assess progress towards circularity, but many available indicators and assessments seem to focus on product or material circularity, and lack in coverag
The importance of reducing environmental impacts has gained speed in the contemporary global context. Stabilization/Solidification (S/S) has become a practical method for handling polluted dredged sediments to make them usable as a construction material. This study aims to evaluate the environmental and economic impacts of a 48,586 m2 port, with stabilized dredged sediment, by focusing on the prod
Background: Refugees and asylum-seekers have an elevated risk of mental health issues, such as depression and posttraumatic stress. Qualitative outcome studies can contribute by offering insight into patients’ experiences of what they find beneficial and how they undergo the process of recovery. This study aligns with the small body of qualitative research focusing on refugees’ perspectives of psy
