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Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is diagnosed based on an invasive evaluation of the mean pulmonary artery (PA) pressure. The morphological assessment of the pulmonary arteries was only recently not feasible. With the advent of optical coherence tomography (OCT)-imaging, an accessible tool allows to study PA morphology longitudinally. The primary hypothesis was that OCT distincts the PA str
Background: The underlying factors of the male predominance in Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are largely unknown, although a female advantage in social communication has been pointed out as a potential factor. Recently, attention has been given to ASD as a sensory processing disorder, focusing on the audio-visual temporal processing paramount for the development of communication. In ASD, a devia
Denna rapport är slutprodukten av ett projektarbete inom ledarskapsprogrammet AKKA III år 2009 och undersöker den paradoxala situation som uppstår då forskargrupper fungerar som verksamhetsbärande enheter samtidigt som deras formella roll i organisationen är oklar. Detta väcker frågeställningar som är relevanta ur ett ledarskapsperspektiv: Vad är egentligen en forskargrupp? Vilka olika typer av fo
Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling rapporterar om karakterisering och tillmpningar av extrem ultraviolett (XUV) strålning som genererats av övertonsgenerering samt i en frielektronlaser. Övertonsgenerering är en process som uppstår när en kraftfull kortvarig laserpuls fokuseras i ett gasmedium. De laserpulser som används är bara några femtosekunder (10−15s) långa och har en våglängd i This thesis reports experimental studies performed with two advanced coherent XUV sources with ultrashort pulse duration, high-order harmonic generation and seeded-free electron laser. High-order harmonic generation (HHG) is the generation of overtones of a fundamental laser pulse in a medium, e.g. noble gases. The emitted radiation has a high degree of transverse coherence, and pulse lengths in t
Results from studies using mice deficient in specific complement factors and clinical data on patients with an inherited deficiency of the classical complement pathway component C2 suggest that the classical pathway is vital for immunity to Streptococcus pneumoniae. However, the consequences of defects in classical pathway activity for opsonization with C3b and the phagocytosis of different S. pne
Popular Abstract in Swedish Syfte Syftet med denna avhandling var att undersöka om barn födda i Sverige till invandrare (icke-Svenskar) hade en ökad risk för typ 1 diabetes (T1D) och om immunogenetiska markörer för T1D (HLA och icke-HLA genetiska faktorer samt ö-cellsantikroppar) skiljde sig från svenska T1D barn (Svenskar). Målsättningen var också att analysera ärftliga förutsättningar (T1D och TThis thesis examined whether the offspring of immigrants (non-Swedes) to Sweden are at increased risk of Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) when they are born or live in Sweden. It also evaluated if their T1D and T2D-related genes differed from Swedish patients and whether this genetic heritage determined the types and existence of islet autoantibodies at time of diagnosis and affected the classification of di
Abstract - Vol. I In this Volume of the thesis, which consists of two volumes, a risk analysis framework for application in the maritime transport system of packaged dangerous goods (PDG) is presented. In many countries, dangerous goods risks have been ranked high among public concerns. Such concerns are mainly due to the increasing volume of dangerous goods, human safety and health and environme
De novo differentiation of CD4(+) Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (induced (i) Tregs) occurs preferentially in the gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT). We addressed the contribution of background genetic factors in affecting the balance of iTreg, T helper type 1 (Th1), and Th17 cell differentiation in GALT in vivo following the transfer of naive CD4(+) CD45RB(high) T cells to strains of RAG2-defici
BB rats develop various organ-specific autoimmune diseases, e.g. autoimmune diabetes and thyroiditis and have proven important to dissect genetic factors that govern autoimmune disease development. The lymphopenia (lyp) gene (iddm2) is linked to autoimmune disease development and is a major genetic difference between diabetes-resistant (DR) and diabetes-prone (DP) BB rats. To study the effects of
The Ncf1 gene was recently identified as a strong regulator of severe arthritis in rat. This finding was surprising, because the disease-promoting allele mediated a lower level of reactive oxygen species in NADPH oxidase-expressing cells. We have now investigated a splice mutation of the Ncf1 gene in B10.Q mice, causing a truncated and nonfunctional Ncf1 protein. We found that the mutated Ncf1 led
The role of fluid-phase regulators of complement is to inhibit excessive complement activation and maintain homeostasis in blood. By binding to and inactivating complement components on cell surfaces, they can also protect autologous cells from complement-mediated cytotoxicity and phagocytosis. In this study, we wanted to find out whether C4b-binding protein (C4bp), a fluid-phase regulator of the
Here we explore two new tree-ring parameters, derivedfrom measurements of wood density and blue intensity(BI). The new proxies show an increase in the interannualsummer temperature signal compared to establishedproxies, and present the potential to improve long-term performance.At high latitudes, where tree growth is mainlylimited by low temperatures, radiodensitometric measurementsof wood density
Popular Abstract in Swedish Zeoliter är en grupp av kisel-aluminium-föreningar, med karaktäristiska kanalsystem inuti strukturen, som har fått stor användning inom många områden inom teknik och vetenskap. Zeoliternas viktigaste användningsområden är som torkmedel, som molekylsiktar, som jonbytare och som katalysatorer. Användningen av naturligt förekommande zeoliter är relativt liten jämfört med aA highly dealuminated form of zeolite FAU, ultra-stable zeolite Y (USY), was used as an adsorbent matrix in the purification of proteins. Undesired proteins were removed from a crude preparation by adsorption on USY, increasing the purity of an unadsorbed protein (horse radish peroxidase), or the protein of interest was adsorbed on the zeolite and subsequently eluted through changes in the solutio
In conventional synthetic transmit aperture imaging (STA) the image is built up from a number of low resolution images each originating from consecutive single element firings to yield a high resolution image. This lowers the frame rate and may result in motion artifacts. This paper, describes a method in which all transmitting centers can be excited at the same time and separated at the receiver
