Background: Sex and gender influence many aspects of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Limited data are available on this topic in alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD). We therefore aimed to investigate sex issues in the EARCO registry, a prospective, international, observational cohort study. Methods: Baseline data from PiZZ individuals, enrolled in the registry with complete data on

[18F]Flortaucipir is an FDA-approved tau-PET tracer that is increasingly utilized in clinical settings for the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease. Still, a large-scale comparison of the in vivo PET uptake to quantitative post-mortem tau pathology and to other co-pathologies is lacking. Here, we examined the correlation between in vivo [18F]flortaucipir PET uptake and quantitative post-mortem tau pat

Introduction: The presence of fibrillatory waves (f-waves) is important in the diagnosis of atrial fibrillation (AF), which has motivated the development of methods for f-wave extraction. We propose a novel approach to benchmarking methods designed for single-lead ECG analysis, building on the hypothesis that better-performing AF classification using features computed from the extracted f-waves im

The medial temporal lobe (MTL) is a hotspot for neuropathology, and measurements of MTL atrophy are often used as a biomarker for cognitive decline associated with neurodegenerative disease. Due to the aggregation of multiple proteinopathies in this region, the specific relationship of MTL atrophy to distinct neuropathologies is not well understood. Here, we develop two quantitative algorithms usi

Bridges are subject to a plethora of deterioration phenomena, such as corrosion, fatigue, and damaging events (e.g., truck impacts and earthquakes) that can affect their performance and compromise functionality and safety. These challenges, along with the expansion of physical infrastructures and limited economic resources, underscore the need for effective management systems to enhance the effici

Identifying concomitant Lewy body (LB) pathology through seed amplification assays (SAA) might enhance the diagnostic and prognostic work-up of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in clinical practice and trials. This study examined whether LB pathology exacerbates AD-related disease progression in 795 cognitively impaired individuals (Mild Cognitive Impairment and dementia) from the longitudinal multi-cente

While structural and biochemical brain changes are well-documented in ageing, functional neuronal network differences, as indicated by electrophysiological markers, are less clear. Moreover, age-related changes in sustained attention and their associated electrophysiological correlates are still poorly understood. To address this, we analysed cross-sectional baseline electroencephalography (EEG) a

Sustained attention is important for maintaining cognitive function and autonomy during ageing, yet older people often show reductions in this domain. The role of the underlying neurobiology is not yet well understood, with most neuroimaging studies primarily focused on fMRI. Here, we utilise sMRI to investigate the relationships between age, structural brain volumes and sustained attention perfor

The role of gender relations in shaping technological transitions is widely acknowledged but remains understudied. This study uses historical data to analyze the gendering of early 20th century American cars and its impact. Previous research has argued that early electric vehicles were construed as a women's car, contributing to its demise. Other work has questioned to what extent automotive prefe

Drought and rainfall events will become more frequent and intense with climate change. At the same time, soil moisture is one of the major factors controlling soil microbial processes such as carbon cycling. When challenged with drought there are two main growth responses microorganisms can use: (1) they can maintain growth rates during drought (i.e., resistance) and (2) they can recover growth ra

Background: Coarctation of the aorta (CoA) is a relatively common congenital heart defect. The underlying causes are not known, but a combination of genetic factors and abnormalities linked to embryonic development is suspected. There are only a few studies of the underlying molecular mechanisms in CoA. The aim of the current study was to expand our understanding of the pathogenesis of CoA by char

Understanding the mechanisms governing interfacial charge transfer in photoactive layer is crucial for optimizing photogenerated charge separation efficiency. In this study, the interfacial charge transfer process is regulated by applying external electric field (Fext) and ternary hydrogen bonding strategies. We observe significant changes in the excited state properties and charge transfer parame

This research explores how district heating (DH) sector professionals /employees experience the low-carbon energy transitions-related change processes in the Danish heat supply sector. Enquiry draws upon mixed data collected among DH employees from 148 utilities. Geels’ triple embeddedness framework conceptualizes the connections between regime-level actor experiences of niche- and landscape-level

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is the main isotype of antibody in human blood. IgG consists of four subclasses (IgG1 to IgG4), encoded by separate constant region genes within the Ig heavy chain locus (IGH). Here, we report a genome-wide association study on blood IgG subclass levels. Across 4334 adults and 4571 individuals under 18 years, we discover ten new and identify four known variants at five loci

Schisandrin B (Sch B) is a predominant bioactive lignan from the fruit of a Chinese medicine food homology plant, Schisandra chinensis. Previously, we observed potent anti-tumor effect of Sch-B in colorectal cancer (CRC) and enhanced chemotherapy efficacy with fluorouracil (5-FU). However, their bioavailability and reciprocal interactions under CRC conditions are unclear. In this study, we first c