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BACKGROUND: High carbohydrate intake raises blood triglycerides, glucose, and insulin; reduces HDLs; and may increase risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Epidemiological studies indicate that high dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) are associated with increased CHD risk. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine whether dietary GI, GL, and available carbohydrates are ass
Scattering of electromagnetic waves against acoustic waves has been studied in acousto-optics and radio acoustic sounding of the atmosphere, among others. Strong interaction requires phase matching, which occurs at two angles between waves. These depend on the wavelength ratio. The scattered electromagnetic wave is frequency shifted by the acoustic frequency, either up or down depending on the ang
Although low socioeconomic groups have the highest risk of noncommunicable diseases in Estonia, national dietary guidelines and nutrition recommendations do not consider affordability. This study aims to help develop nutritionally adequate, health-promoting, and culturally acceptable dietary guidelines at an affordable price. Three food baskets (FBs) were optimised using linear programming to meet
Koh et al. show that imidazole propionate, a microbial metabolite, impairs the glucose-lowering effect of the anti-diabetic drug metformin and inhibits metformin-induced AMPK activation by activating p38γ/Akt/inhibitory AMPK serine phosphorylation. They further show that metformin action is restored by blocking imidazole propionate-activated p38γ.
Membrane proteins perform a vast range of vital biological functions and are the gatekeepers for exchange of information and matter between the intracellular and extracellular environment. However, membrane protein interactions can be challenging to characterise in a quantitative manner due to the low solubility and large size of the membrane protein complex with associated lipid or detergent mole
Craniopharyngiomas (CP) are rare brain tumors managed primarily with surgery and radiotherapy. There are 2 phenotypes of CP, i.e., one with a rather good outcome without hypothalamic damage and another with hypothalamic damage. With hypothalamic damage, progressive disease with recurrent operations and additional cranial radiotherapy often result in hypothalamic obesity, an affected psychosocial l
Background and purpose: Dementia disorders predispose for lethal complications and decrease life expectancy. A more profound knowledge regarding end-stage conditions in dementia could therefore ameliorate treatment and care of these patients. Methods: Autopsy reports on 207 deceased individuals with clinically diagnosed neurocognitive disorder/dementia and on 200 neurocognitively healthy individua
Neuroblastoma is a childhood malignancy with often dismal prognosis; relapse is common despite intense treatment. Here, we used human tumor organoids representing multiple MYCN-amplified high-risk neuroblastomas to perform a high-throughput drug screen with approved or emerging oncology drugs. Tumor-selective effects were calculated using drug sensitivity scores. Several drugs with previously unre
Background: Allergic rhinitis often gives rise to impaired quality of life and is believed to also affect cognitive function. We aimed to examine whether cognitive functions were impaired during grass pollen season in symptomatic allergic children and to relate the degree of impairment to quality of life and biomarkers related to stress and inflammation. Methods: Forty-three grass pollen-allergic
Aim: Bilingual children are at risk of being overlooked for early identification of language difficulties. We investigated the accuracy of four screening models for children aged 2.5. The first model screened the child using their mother tongue, the second screened in Swedish, and the third screened in both languages used by the child. The fourth model consisted of direct screening in Swedish and
Purpose: Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is commonly used to calculate carboplatin doses and capping the eGFR may be used to reduce the risk of excessive dosing and toxicity. We sought to retrospectively examine the impact of our carboplatin guidelines on pathological complete response rates (pCR) and toxicity in women with HER2+ breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant docetaxel, carboplat
In Animated Lands Andrea Mubi Brighenti and Mattias Kärrholm focus on territory as a living phenomenon—and territoriality as an active and constantly reshaping force. They explore the complexity of territorial production through a series of parallel investigations into fundamental territorial themes, such as rhythm, synchronization, melody, morphogenesis, and animism.The notion of territory is exc
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are aggressive tumors, accounting for around 5% of all soft tissue sarcomas. A better understanding of the pathogenesis of these tumors and the development of effective treatments are needed. In this context, established tumor cell lines can be very informative, as they may be used for in-depth molecular analyses and improvement of treatment strate
Performativitetsteorin appliceras på psalmer i Den svenska psalmboken 1986. Med utgångspunkt i en översikt av de handlingar som sjungandet av en psalm innebär, visas sedan på några viktiga språkliga medel (presensformer av verb, första personpronomina och olika former av tilltal) som möjliggör dessa handlingar.
Background: People who inject drugs (PWID) have increased risk of acquiring blood-transmitted chronic viral infections such as Hepatitis B (HBV), Hepatitis C (HCV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) as well as increased risk of acquiring bacterial infections. We aimed to identify and describe bacteraemic episodes, their recurrence rates, predictive and prognostic factors amongst hospitalised P
Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus is an obligate predatory bacterium that invades and kills a broad range of Gram-negative prey cells, including human pathogens. Its potential therapeutic application has been the subject of increased research interest in recent years. However, an improved understanding of the fundamental molecular aspects of the predatory life cycle is crucial for developing this bacteri
COVID-19 disease have become so far the most important sanitary crisis in the XXI century. In light of the events, any clinical resource should be considered to alleviate this crisis. Severe COVID-19 cases present a so-called cytokine storm as the most life-threatening symptom accompanied by lung fibrosis. Galectin-3 has been widely described as regulator of both processes. Hereby, we present comp
