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One of the major ways in which economic inequality can increase is when the development of wages of ordinary workers trail productivity and GDP growth, meaning that the increasing riches fall in the hand of other social groups (top employees, owners of land and capital). This paper investigates the relationship between wages and GDP in Denmark, Norway and Sweden from 1800 to 1910, using wage serie
The intense debate on continuity in child grammars has largely focused on the existence of Functional Categories (FCs) in early grammars despite differences in language use with adults (e.g., omissions, word order errors, lack of case marking). Simplified, the major theoretical explanations for these properties range from Maturational accounts (Radford 1990 and later) claiming an initial absence o
In this letter, we consider adaptive detection of a partly known signal corrupted by additive noise and strong interference with support that is only partly known. Assuming a homogeneous environment where the covariance matrix of the additive noise is the same for the primary and secondary data sets, although with the secondary data set also being affected by the interference, we allow for conic u
The inverse of the standard estimate of covariance matrix is frequently used in the portfolio theory to estimate the optimal portfolio weights. For this problem, the distribution of the linear transformation of the inverse is needed. We obtain this distribution in the case when the sample size is smaller than the dimension, the underlying covariance matrix is singular, and the vectors of returns a
This paper describes differences between the capacity of Swedish and Danish students to attain life quality. This was carried out by examining the level of competence in four different groups of Swedish and Danish students, and is based on the hypothesis that the possession of competence is a premise for the development of life quality. Competence means the ability to make sense in complex situati
The transport sector accounts for large proportions of greenhouse gas emissions and energy usage in Sweden, about 40% and 30%, respectively. Most of this, 93%, comes from road transports. There is, therefore, a strong political desire to reduce the use of fossil fuels in road transport. Several alternatives to fossil fuels have been discussed and, more recently, interest in electrically driven veh
Building on theoretical insights from research on the rentier state and the "resource curse," several studies have supported the argument that oil hinders democracy. However, previous research on the rentier state has neglected the global surge of multiparty autocracies or "electoral authoritarian" regimes since the end of the Cold War. No systematic study has been carried out on the question of w
Popular Abstract in Swedish Ett bröstmjölksprotein som dödar tumörceller Denna avhandling beskriver den tumörcell- och bakteriedödande effekten av ett proteinkomplex från bröstmjölk. Proteinkomplexet, en veckningsvariant av humant alfa-laktalbumin, inducerar apoptos (programmerad celldöd) i tumörceller och visar sig ha liknande effekter även mot bakterier. Amning förser inte bara barnet med optiHuman milk contains a vast array of bioactive molecules, with nutritional and protective functions. This thesis describes the effects of a human milk protein complex, MAL, on tumour cells and bacteria. During our studies on the anti-adhesive properties of human milk we observed that a milk fraction killed tumour cells. The morphology of the cells indicated apoptotic cell death and this was verifie
Economies in Transition (EiTs) exemplified by countries such as Poland, Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova etc. face many socio-economic and environmental challenges – energy security, high unemployment, poor transportation and municipal service infrastructure, and rural depopulation are common themes. Agricultural biofuel production offers a number of socio-economic co-benefits that can contribute to the
