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Previous versions of this paper were presented at seminars at BI Norwegian Business School and Toulouse School of Economics, and at the ANZESG 2024 meeting in Melbourne. The authors would like to thank all seminar and meeting participants, and in particular Anindya Banerjee (Editor), Jan Ditzen, Eric Gautier, Koen Jochmans, Bonsoo Koo, Adam Lee, Wooyong Lee, Thierry Magnac, Luca Margaritella, Simo
International research collaboration stands at a pivotal juncture, shaped by enduring structural inequalities between high-, middle-, and low-income countries and challenged by a trend of withdrawal from international collaboration. These asymmetries can create a misalignment between global scientific progress and the capacity to address pressing societal crises, which often disproportionately aff
Aim: Abiotic environmental conditions shape ecological and evolutionary processes, yet quantifying their influence on organisms remains challenging due to variation among metrics and their intercorrelations. This study evaluates the utility of temporal environmental predictability measures and assesses their explanatory power in phylogenetic comparative analyses. Innovation: We systematically comp
Ferulic acid (FA) is one of the most abundant hydroxycinnamic acids found in plant cell walls. Its dehydrodimers play an important role in maintaining the structural rigidity of the plant cell wall. Ferulic acid esterases (FAEs) act as debranching enzymes, cleaving the ester bond between FA and the substituted carbohydrate moieties in FA-containing polysaccharides in the plant cell wall. This enzy
We present a method for obtaining an initial-state parton shower model where the (backward) evolution fully consistent with the (forward) evolution of the collinear parton density used. As a proof-of-concept we use parton densities obtained with the parton branching (PB) approach, and modify the default initial-state shower in Pythia8 with this method to be consistent with them. PB is ideally suit
Background/objectives: Being overweight increases the predisposition to obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D), which significantly elevate stroke risk and the likelihood of severe post-stroke disability. Dietary nitrate (NO3−) supplementation can mitigate obesity and metabolic impairments, making it a promising approach to halt overweight people from developing overt obesity/T2D, thereby potentially a
Aliphatic polycarbonates are prepared by ring opening polymerization of six-membered cyclic carbonates or various ratio of mixtures of six-membered cyclic carbonates using catalysts. The resulting materials are further polymerized using the extra functional group such as additional 2nd cyclic carbonate, (meth)acrylate and allylate. This process and material(s) obtained provide chlorine (e.g. phosg
Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, and increasing evidence suggests that inflammation, both central and peripheral, plays a role in disease progression. Neurohistology and neuroimaging studies illustrate neuroinflammatory processes as part of HD pathophysiology. Furthermore, studies of blood and cerebrospinal fluid from HD patients show altered levels of inflamm
Context. According to the well-established hierarchical framework for galaxy evolution, galaxies grow through mergers with other galaxies. The ΛCDM cosmological model predicts that the stellar halos of massive galaxies are rich in remnants resulting from minor mergers. Stellar Streams Legacy Survey (SSLS) has provided a first release of a catalogue with a statistically significant sample of stella
New extragalactic measurements of the cloud population-averaged star formation efficiency per free-fall time, Ïμff, from PHANGS show little sign of a theoretically predicted dependence on the gas virial level and weak variation with cloud-scale gas velocity dispersion. We explore ways to bring theory into consistency with the observations, particularly by highlighting systematic variations in inte
The inclusion of the knowledge and perspectives of Indigenous peoples and local communities (IPLC) in global sciencepolicy processes are increasingly being mandated. This is indicative of the recognition of their expertise and worldviews to inform social and ecological decisions. The IPBES Values Assessment (VA) explicitly highlighted the necessity for a nuanced engagement of different actors whil
Huntington's disease (HD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive motor, cognitive, and psychiatric symptoms. Research efforts to understand and treat the disease have historically focused on neuronal pathology, but growing evidence underscores the critical role of oligodendrocytes in its pathogenesis. This review synthesizes recent findings on oligodendroglial dysfuncti
We report the first observation of a momentum-resolved superconducting gap in the Hg-based trilayer cuprate, which holds the highest record of superconducting transition temperature (T_{c}) at ambient pressure. By angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy utilizing a microfocused beam, clear quasiparticle dispersions originating from the inner and outer CuO_{2} planes (IP and OP, respectively) wer
Among the most advanced techniques for quality control, image processing and optical methods areprominent because of their precision and versatility. These methods often involve analyzing specklesgenerated by coherent laser illumination because coherent light provides detailed and accuratemeasurement capabilities. In speckle metrology-based techniques, the accurate measurement ofspeckle displaceme
Quantum instruments describe both the classical outcome and the updated state associated with a quantum measurement. We ask whether these processes can be simulated using only a natural subset of resources, namely projective measurements on the system and quantum processing of the postmeasurement states. We show that the simulability of instruments can be connected to an entanglement classificatio
This article explores how collaboration across Arctic borders has enabled the emergence of ultrasmall, Indigenous-led sectors, examining the development of Indigenous screen industries in Sápmi and Kalaallit Nunaat (Greenland). The Sámi film industry has experienced a notable rise, driven by strategic transnational collaborations and the establishment of institutions such as the International Sámi
