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Popular Abstract in Swedish I slutet på 1400-talet såg Christoffer Columbus, som förste europé, gummi användas av indianerna i Sydamerika. Han tog med sig materialet hem till Portugal, men kunde säkert inte föreställa sig de stora mängder gummi som några hundra år senare skulle komma att användas världen över. Mer än 17 miljarder kilo gummi produceras varje år. Nästan hälften är naturgummi och komBiotechnological processes offer environmentally friendly and sometimes cost-effective alternatives to traditional chemical and mechanical methods. It is important to take advantages of the opportunities these processes provide to fulfil the demands and expectations of a future environmentally sustainable society. This work exploits the possibilities of applying biotechnological methods to allow r

Chloroplast gene expression is regulated by developmental and environmental signals. It has been proposed that there is a direct coupling between electron transport in biological membranes and gene expression (J. F. Allen, 1992, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1098, 275-335). The hypothesis predicts the existence of a sensor in the thylakoid membrane capable of transmitting redox signals to the chloroplast

Laser spectroscopic techniques are powerful tools for monitoring real-world phenomena. A wide variety of methods for establishing spectroscopic contact with a species exist: Absorption, emission, fluorescence, Raman scattering, acousto-optic, and opto-galvanic phenomena. Extreme sensitivity and specificity characterize the methods, which can be used for in situ monitoring and, in some cases, for r

Application of two-photon laser-induced fluorescence for single-shot visualization of carbon monoxide in a spark ignited engine

Developing large complex software products aimed for a broad market involves a great flow of wishes and requirements. The former are elicited from customers while the latter are brought forth by the developing organization. These are preferably kept separated to preserve the different perspectives. The interrelationships should however be identified and maintained to enable well-founded decisions.

Recent developments in characteristic mode (CM) analysis enable a more systematic approach to designing multi-antennas for mobile terminals. However, some of the advantages of developing antennas through CMs are based on accurate mode tracking over frequency. Existing tracking methods are primarily based on the tracking of eigencurrents over frequency, by which mode swapping and degenerate modes c

Popular Abstract in Swedish Läkning av achilles-senrupturer är idag en långdragen process, som ofta tar flera månader innan senan är fullt funktionsduglig. Syftet med studierna är att förbättra senläkningen i samband med achillesrupturer. Bone Morphogentic Proteins (BMP) är främst kända för att stimulera benläkning och bentillväxt. De lokala förhållandena har dock visat sig ha stor betydelse för cWe wanted to improve tendon healing by adding a growth factor. Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) are well known to stimulate bone healing and bone formation. The local environment is of major importance for cell differentiation after a BMP has been added. Cartilage Derived Morphogenetic Proteins (CDMPs) -1, -2 and -3 (BMP 14, 13 and 12 or GDF 5, 6 and 7) form a subgroup in the BMP-family and are

Popular Abstract in Swedish Interaktiva miljöer erbjuder en märkbar utvecklingmöjlighet när det gäller bl.a. anpassningsmöjlighet samt uppmuntran till handling och interaktion. Fysisk träning och terapi för barn med funktionshinder är ofta varaktig, tröttsam och långtråkig genom att vara repetitiv - och detta är ofta fallet för både barnet och terapeuten. Idag finns emellertid mycket begränsade kdaptive responsive environments that encourage interaction for children with severe disabilities offer a distinct potential for play and learning in rehabilitation. Physical training and therapy for these children is often enduring, tedious, and boring through repetition - and this is often the case for both the child and the facilitator/therapist. Despite this, little is yet known about how the u

Mismatch negativity (MMN) is an EEG voltage fluctuation caused by the brain's automatic reaction to unexpected changes in a repetitive stimulation. In an experiment we studied 68 infants of which 2/3 were born preterm. Due to noise of large amplitude, the MMN is difficult to detect in a single infant's EEG. Therefore grand average, which is a average of many subjects EEG recordings, is sometimes u

This study examines how States use legal arguments in cases of armed intervention and how this usage can influence the development of international law. The objective is to contribute to the understanding of the law on armed intervention by conducting a study of how States actually use legal arguments to justify or condemn armed interventions in actual cases. By assessing empirical material within

The aim of this thesis was to study competitive adsorption of milk proteins during spray-drying. For this purpose, a new surface sensitive method was developed which measures the quantitative amount of specific proteins at the powder surface. The new method is based on steady-state fluorescence measurement of pyrene labelled proteins with oxygen gas phase quenching at the powder surface. The milk

Popular Abstract in Swedish Transplantation av dopaminceller från mänskliga foster kan förbättra funktionen hos patienter med Parkinsons sjukdom (Lindvall 1997, Björklund 2000a). Man har kunnat visa att transplantaten har återställt dopaminproduktionen i striatum till normala nivåer i flera fall, och till 70-80% av normalt i majoriteten av de patienter som transplanterats i Lund. Transplantaten haTransplantation of embryonic human neural tissue can restore function in patients with Parkinson’s disease, but there is a severe shortage of donor tissue which limits the applicability of the technique. Embryonic neural tissue from other species, xenogeneic tissue, would provide a readily accessible donor tissue with the potential to help patients if the immunological reactions in the host could

Talk in safety-critical activities displays features that distinguish it from both ordinary conversations as well as from other institutional talk, but it also shares some features with these. Formality and informality are both interactionally accomplished phenomena, although shaped through different sources. Safety rules and pre-printed forms constitute two sources of formalization, dictating how