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Comparing patterns of diversity and divergence between populations at immune genes and neutral markers can give insights into the nature and geographic scale of parasite-mediated selection. To date, studies investigating such patterns of selection in vertebrates have primarily focused on the acquired branch of the immune system, whereas it remains largely unknown how parasite-mediated selection sh

Since the end of the 1990s, the number of fires increases dramatically in the city of Malmö. Between 1998 and 2009, the increase was 215 percent. A growing number of the fires are intentional and take place outdoors. Most of the fires are also concentrated in a limited number of neighborhoods. Furthermore, many schools are affected. Between 2000 and 2011, nearly 360 intentional fires occurred in s

Popular Abstract in Swedish Reumatoid artrit Reumatoid artrit (RA), på svenska ledgångsreumatism, är den vanligaste kroniska, inflammatoriska ledsjukdomen (artriten) bland människor. I Sverige är förekomsten i befolkningen omkring 0,7%, och bland 100 000 personer insjuknar ca. 50 årligen med denna diagnos. Könsfördelningen är dock ojämn, med en mer än dubbelt så stor risk för kvinnor att utvecklaObjectives: To study: (I) the impact on cost-utility analyses of applying different national EuroQol 5-Dimensions (EQ-5D) preference sets; (II and III) whether, in methotrexate-refractory, early rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the addition of infliximab results in superior health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and may be considered cost-effective, as compared to adding sulfasalazine and hydroxychloroq

Diagnosis and risk stratification of patients with acute coronary syndromes can be improved by adding information from the depolarization phase (QRS complex) to the conventionally used ST-T segment changes. In this study, ischemia-induced changes in the main three slopes of the QRS complex, upward (I-US) and downward (I-DS) slopes of the R wave as well as the upward (I-TS) slope of the terminal S

Background: Conflicting data exist regarding the prognostic and predictive impact of survivin (BIRC5) in breast cancer. We previously reported survivin cytoplasmic-to-nuclear ratio (CNR) as an independent prognostic indicator in breast cancer. Here, we validate survivin CNR in a separate and extended cohort. Furthermore, we present new data suggesting that a low CNR may predict outcome in tamoxife

In the paper we consider a commonly known network design problem with demand restoration assuming stub release. No compact linear programming (LP) formulation for the problem is known, and all known non-compact LP formulations of the problem require NP-hard path generation (pricing). Therefore, the problem itself is suspected to be NP-hard - this, however, is not actually known. The main result of

Employees often use dis-identification strategies such as humor or cynicism to cope with emotional difficulties at work. In this paper, we show how dis-identification collapses among Danish correctional officers because of specific emotional contradictions arising from the 'dirty' aspects of their work. Correctional officers face the emotional dilemma of having to both get involved with the inmate

Background. Human papillomavirus (HPV)-6/11/16/18 vaccine reduces the risk of HPV-6/11/16/18-related cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1-3 or adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS). Here, its impact on CIN1-3/AIS associated with nonvaccine oncogenic HPV types was evaluated. Methods. We enrolled 17,622 women aged 16-26 years. All underwent cervicovaginal sampling and Pap testing at regular intervals f

Platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFR) alpha and beta have been suggested as potential targets for treatment of rhabdomyosarcoma, the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children. This study identifies biologic activities linked to PDGF signaling in rhabdomyosarcoma models and human sample collections. Analysis of gene expression profiles of 101 primary human rhabdomyosarcomas revealed el

Popular Abstract in Swedish IgA-nefropati (IgAN) är den vanligaste formen av primär inflammation av njurarna och Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) den vanligaste formen av kärlinflammation i barndomen. HSP kan också drabba njurarna och kallas då Henoch-Schönlein nefropati (HSN). Orsaken till båda sjukdomar är inte helt klarlagd ännu. Båda kännetecknas av vävnadsinlagringar med immunoglobulin A (IgA)IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common form of primary glomerulonephritis and Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) the most common form of vasculitis in childhood. HSP may affect kidneys, a complication termed Henoch-Schönlein nephropathy (HSN). Renal pathology in HSN resembles that seen in IgAN. The pathogenesis of IgAN and HSP is so far unclear. Both are characterized by tissue deposits of undergly

Consciousness, in the beginning of its scientific use, was considered to be material, i.e., to represent an attribute of substance or matter. During later periods, it was associated with learning processes. Based on questionnaires and interviews, a number of different definitions have made its learned content dependent on statistical measures of what people consciously know. However, statically an

Conclusion: The capability of Nod1 to recognize bacteria along with its altered expression and ability to cause an immunological response in head and neck cancer suggest a novel pathway for bacteria to interfere with ongoing cancer inflammation. Objective: Nucleotide oligomerization domain (Nod)-like receptors (NLRs) comprise a recently discovered family of pattern-recognition receptors. In additi

Excited states in the N = Z - 2 nucleus (44)V have been observed for the first time. The states have been identified through particle-gamma-gamma coincidence relationships and comparison with analog states in themirror nucleus (44)Sc. Mirror energy differences have been extracted and compared to state-of-the-art shell-model calculations which include charge-symmetry-breaking forces. Observed decay

Background. The pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) still remains elusive. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether it is the change in intracranial pressure (ICP) or the extravasated blood that is responsible for cerebral ischemia and cerebral vasoconstriction observed following SAH. Method. Three groups of animals were studied; (1) cisternal injec

Popular Abstract in Swedish Förtroende och nationella perspektiv i multinationell krishantering: en studie av Europeiska Unionens militärstrategiska nivå Doktorsavhandling av Olof Ekman, avdelningen för Brandteknik och Riskhantering vid Lunds Tekniska Högskola (LTH), Lunds Universitet, försvarad den 9 december 2011. Tidigare forskning pekar på att förtroende i större kriser är viktigt för att saThis thesis is motivated by an increasing degree of unfamiliarity and prominence of national dimensions in multinational crisis management. The research rationale rests on the argument that trust is important but may erode when roles conflict, which in turn may result when stakeholder interests diverge. The thesis describes trust and national perspectives in terms of role conflict in an EU Operati