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This study examines the underlying patterns of savings and investments in China for the period 1978 – 2008. The institutional changes that occurred as a result of the 1978 economic reforms programme brought about profound changes to the characteristics of savings and investments in China. The paper finds that household savings while high, do not explain China’s high savings rate as a whole. High s

MMP13 (Collagenase 3) is a member of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family. In pathology it is overexpressed in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA) and human carcinomas. It is secreted in its inactive proforms from which it can be activated. The project studies how MMP13 can degrade/digest the normal femoral head human articular cartilage. Peptides were separated using reversed phas

Denna uppsats studerar intresset hos svenska företag och konsumenter för en märkning om vattenåtgång på livsmedel från gröda/djur till färdig vara. Vid produktion av det flesta typer av varor finns en vattenåtgång med mer eller mindre skadlig påverkan på miljön beroende på liter per kilo, geografisk allokering och årstid. De miljöeffekter vattenåtgången innebär är majoriteten av konsumenterna omed

The plant plasma membrane H+-ATPase was activated by the binding of a 14-3-3 protein. This complex can be stabilized by the fungal toxin - fusicoccin. During this activation H+/ATP stoichiometry changed (1). This work presents approaching to find the new stoichiometry. The main part presents looking for the best preparation of plasma membrane vesicles for measurements. A new pH indicator – Glu3 –

An investigation of Eupatorium lasiophthalmum yielded fourteen sesquiterpene lactones (1-14) including one new epimer (7) and a revision of the reported stereochemistry of 2 is suggested. One known sesquiterpene (15) and one triterpene (16) with a novel skeleton were found. Two known flavonoids (17-18) were also isolated. Michael adducts were prepared out of 1, 4 and 5 and their reversibility stud

Plants need light to convert earbon dioxide to organic compounds, but when exposed to too much light the photosynthetic machinery takes damage. This is prevented by conversion of violaxanthin to zeaxanthin, which participate in a process that converts the excess light into heat. The conversion of violaxanthin to zeaxanthin is done by the enzyme violaxanthin de-epoxidase. VDE from spinach have bee

There are many valuable substances present in nature such as antioxidants. The conventional method for extracting the antioxidants employs organic solvents. Subcritical Water Extraction (SWE) is a sustainable method for extraction of high valuable compounds. This method uses subcritical water as a solvent instead of organic solvents but leaves the compounds in a water solution. Keeping the antioxi

In 2007, the swedish government decided to let the authority of land survey produce an updated height surface model with higher resolution. The data collection for the modelling is performed with airborne laser scanning, which in this form can be used in several other applications. One of these additional applications for the laser data is inventory of forest. The method most frequently used for t

The I subunit of magnesium chelatase is an AAA+ protein which binds and hydrolyzes ATP to drive the insertion of Mg2+ into protoporphyrin IX during bio-synthesis of bacteriochlorophyll and chlorophyll. The purification method and co-crystallization conditions of the Rhodobacter capsulatus BchI (bacteriochlorophyll Magnesium Chelatase I subunit) protein with either ADP or AMPPNP and crystallization

This study focused on expression, purification and functional characterization of three key proteins (Urc1p, Urc2p and Urc8p) in the newly discovered uracil catabolism (URC) pathway. A novel expression system was established by using Saccharomyces kluyveri as a host organism for expression of 6-His tagged Urc1p and Urc2p. Moreover, URC8 gene was cloned in pET151/D-TOPO vector and expressed in Esch

The aim of this thesis project was to study the reaction solution’s effect on the formation dynamics and material properties of the mesoporous silica SBA-15. The common synthesis procedure of SBA-15 was applied at 60°C, with 2.5 wt% Pluronic P104 dissolved in 1.6 M hydrochlorid acid. Simple sodium salts (NaCl, NaBr, NaI) or short to medium length alcohols (MeOH, EtOH, 1-PrOH, 2-PrOH, 1-BuOH, 2-BuO

Utveckling och utredning av en automatiserad temperatur kalibrering temperatur fosfor. I denna avhandling presenteras en halvautomatisk temperaturkalibrering för termografiska fosforer. Temperaturdata från termoelement, och fosforensens avklingningskurva registreras och synkroniseras med en temperatur som ökar kontinuerligt över ett bestämt temperaturintervall. Ett LabVIEW-gränssnitt har utvecklaThis thesis achieves a semi-automatic temperature calibration for thermographic phosphors. Thermocouple temperature information and phosphorescence decay curves are recorded synchronized and continuously while the oven temperature is ramped across the entire temperature range. A LabVIEW interface was developed in this context and applied to calibrate two phosphors, CdWO4 and Mg4FGeO6:Mn. These two

The substitution reaction of complexes, (PCNR)PdCl, where R = (methyl) (1), (ethyl) (2) and(propyl) (3), with iodide where studied in 1-10 mM LiCl in methanol. The substitution was followed under pseudo first order conditions with an excess of incoming and leaving ligand. The high reactivity of complex 1 was attributed to the low steric bulkiness of the methyl substituent. The order of reactivity

Background: Previous studies have shown the importance of good communication (GC) within the medical encounter; with patients‟ increased adherence and improved health, more effective consultations and more satisfied patients and physicians. Since society and the concept of GC have evolved over time it is important to continue the research on the characteristics of GC. Objective: To explore how GC

Housing expenditure is without doubt one of the biggest expenditure posts for all households. By using econometrics to estimate regressions with cross-­‐sectional data including more than 1500 individuals, this thesis examines whether there is any individual characteristics that determines how big a share of the disposable income that is spent on housing each month. The results indicate that diffe

The subject of this thesis is “Right to self-determination of Kurds and its relation with right to self-defence”. Kurds are ethnic minority within countries of Iran, Turkey, Syria and Iraq, then in this thesis I discussed the right to self-determination of ethnic minorities in international law. On the one hand I argued, one of the main requirements for self-determination of ethnic minorities is g

The primary purpose to this study was to explore the role of local government in Sweden, primarily through the eyes of some of the people working within one. Consideration of some of the structural characteristics of local government in Sweden, in particular the privileges and responsibilities accorded to local municipalities there and in what context, lead the author to conclude that Swedish muni

In the west, out-innovating China has been a frequent proposal to deal with the feared threat posed by China’s rapid industrialization. However, China is not content with being only a manufacturing economy and has subsequently introduced multiple programs to foster research and development domestically. One of the most prominent sectors targeted by China’s programs and upheld by the west as their