Filtyp
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a major threat to global health, with limited surveillance data available from western sub-Saharan Africa. After reports of high rates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) in bloodstream infections at The Gambia’s sole tertiary hospital, we present follow-up data after enhancements in microbiology cap
Urban areas play an important role in attaining the sustainability and energy goals set by municipalities. Despite the often ambitious sustainability visions and goals for new urban areas, there is limited understanding of how these aspirations are integrated into the planning and development process. This paper aims to provide insights into how energy-related visions and goals, in a new district
Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a well established intervention for secondary prevention after myocardial infarction (MI), yet substantial variability in CR delivery and patient outcomes persists globally. This review provides an in-depth overview of the SWEDEHEART-CR registry, a comprehensive Swedish national quality registry that has facilitated continuous quality improvement and clinical researc
The concept of a mission-oriented innovation policy has been discussed for several years now, with definitions and conceptual understanding gradually emerging. Although focused on grand societal challenges, i.e. on a particular type of problem that has been receiving attention only in the last couple of years, the discussion and the design of mission-oriented innovation policy can still draw on pa
Purpose The EPHOR-NIGHT cohort was established to investigate how night shift work influences biological pathways and chronic disease risk using a comprehensive working-life exposome approach, focusing on cardiometabolic, mental health, cognitive and biological ageing outcomes. Participant The cohort includes 937 workers aged 20–65 years (88%female), primarily from the healthcare sector (96%) in S
BACKGROUND: The heterogeneity of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and lack of well-validated markers of non-AD factors (e.g. TDP-43) present a substantial challenge for therapeutics. Our prior work showed discordance between tau (T) and neurodegeneration (N) identified non-AD factors in AD through multi-modality imaging. Here we tried a simplified approach using plasma ptau217 and medial temporal lobe (MT
The main objective of this work is to describe the design and testing of novel cam profiles, which are key for efficiency demonstration on a new class of internal combustion engine (ICE). A recuperated split cycle engine (RSCE) has unique demands for valve lift, duration and phasing when compared to a conventional 4-stroke. In particular, good control of the expander intake valve opening (IVO) app
BACKGROUND: Previous studies, including ours (Wuestefeld et al., Brain, 2023), showed tau positron emission tomography (PET) uptake in medial temporal and neocortical regions of amyloid-beta (Aβ)-negative cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals, associated with neurodegeneration and worse memory performance. To further understand if tau-PET uptake is clinically relevant in this population, we char
BACKGROUND: The tau-PET radiotracer [18F]flortaucipir enables in vivo detection of tau pathology in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and has recently been FDA- and EMA-approved for clinical use. To support its implementation, we assessed tau-PET's positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) for clinico-pathological AD while accounting for age, amyloid-status, and pre-PET diagnostic
In healthcare, the ability to make sense of data is crucial for informed and responsible decision-making. However, the ongoing digitalization of healthcare and its reliance on heterogeneous forms of data has made sensemaking increasingly complex. Data is generated, presented, and used through a variety of tools, practices, and algorithmic systems, and its meaning demands careful and context-sensit
Residential gardens can provide pollinator habitat and thus contribute to mitigating declines of insect pollinators. To further improve gardens for pollinators, it is necessary to understand the factors and pathways leading to successful conservation interventions. We studied how the success of two common pro-pollinator interventions, garden meadows and flower plantings, were influenced by gardene
Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a well-established risk factor for cataract. However, whether the causal effect on cataract differs by sex remains unclear. Determining whether this causal effect differs by sex could help resolve discrepancies in epidemiological studies regarding cataract risk in populations with diabetes. Methods: Using summary statistics of East Asian and European population
The evolutionary dynamics of diurnal Aletis moths (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Sterrhinae) in the Afrotropics have been obscured by their allopatric distributions, significant inter- and intraspecific variation in adult and caterpillar phenotypes, and involvement in complex mimicry systems. Extensive phenotypic disparity, alongside conserved genital morphology and a lack of suitable material for gen
Letters are the primitives of reading expertise. Single letter recognition relies on a hierarchy of processing stages, in which early visual features gradually evolve into abstract letter representations, but the temporal organization of these stages remains poorly understood. To address it, we applied multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) to electroencephalography (EEG) data recorded while adult r
We describe an experimental setup for non-linear interaction and propagation of ultrashort and intense x-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) pulses in a dense gas. It allows one to provide high, but adjustable, target-gas pressures of up to 6 bar within a vacuum environment of 3∙10− 3 mbar or better. The setup enables investigation of intense x-ray propagation in an optically thick medium with minimal
Genetic variation in immune genes is an important component of genetic diversity. The genes in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) provide an excellent model system for studying the mechanisms that generate and maintain genetic diversity in natural populations. While both demographic factors and pathogen-mediated selection processes contribute to the extreme diversity observed in the MHC sy
The spectrum of frontotemporal dementia/amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FTD/ALS) and Huntington disease (HD) are fatal neurodegenerative disorders with no major disease-modifying therapies. Recent work has shown that the hallmark pathological proteins TAR DNA binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43) in FTD/ALS and mutant huntingtin (mHTT) in HD may be interlinked. Furthermore, these disorders share early
