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Insulin resistance in obesity and type 2 diabetes has been shown to be associated with decreased de novo fatty acid (FA) synthesis in adipose tissue. It is known that insulin can acutely stimulate FA synthesis in adipocytes; however, the mechanisms underlying this effect are unclear. The rate-limiting step in FA synthesis is catalyzed by acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), known to be regulated through

BACKGROUND: Primary graft dysfunction and allograft rejection represent major caveats to successful lung transplantation. Reducing inflammation in donor lungs before transplantation may improve outcomes. Evidence exists that ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) can alter the donor lung environment, although the mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to characterize the inflammatory signaling profile

Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly caused a global pandemic associated with a novel respiratory infection: coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) is necessary to facilitate SARS-CoV-2 infection, but—owing to its essential metabolic roles—it may be difficult to target it in therapies. Transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2),

AbstractThe primary purpose of understanding disease etiology is to explain how a specific phenotype is determined by genotype. In pursue of this aim, exploring the diversity in DNA sequence variants that affect biomedical traits, especially those related to the onset and progression of genetically determined human disease. The human leukocyte antigens (HLA) are highly polymorphic cell surface pro

Asymmetrical flow FFF (AsFlFFF) is a member of field-flow fractionation (FFF) and can provide the separation of particles with size from nano to microscale based on their hydrodynamic diameters with smaller particles being eluted earlier than larger ones. For spheres, if the AsFlFFF conditions are well optimized, the FFF theory allows prediction of the elution time for a given diameter. Herein, we

Objectives: This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows:. To assess the benefits and harms of TNFi in patients with JIA.

We defend two theses: (1) Knowledge how and knowledge that are two distinct forms of knowledge, and; (2) Stanley-style intellectualism is neuro-psychologically implausible. Our naturalistic argument for the distinction between knowledge how and knowledge that is based on a consideration of the nature of slips and basic activities. We further argue that Stanley’s brand of intellectualism has certai

BACKGROUND: In rodents, neurotensin contributes to high fat diet induced obesity by facilitation of intestinal fat absorption. The effect of oral lipid load on plasma proneurotensin and relationship with plasma triglycerides in humans is unknown. AIM: To investigate the acute effects of an oral lipid load on proneurotensin and plasma triglycerides and their interrelationships in healthy individual

Epidemiologists have for many decades reported on the patterns and distributions of diabetes within and between populations and have helped to elucidate the aetiology of the disease. This has helped raise awareness of the tremendous burden the disease places on individuals and societies; it has also identified key risk factors that have become the focus of diabetes prevention trials and helped sha

Background: Metalworkers are exposed to many sensitizing and irritant substances. There are no published data on contact allergy in this population in the Baltic countries. Objectives: To detect skin symptoms related to occupational exposure and to describe the reactivity pattern to the European baseline series in workers from two metal plants in Lithuania. Methods: In this cross-sectional study 1

INTRODUCTION: The ability to provide primary care with the help of a digital platform raises both opportunities and risks. While access to primary care improves, overuse of services and medication may occur. The use of digital care technologies is likely to continue to increase and evidence of its effects, costs and distributional impacts is needed to support policy-making. Since 2016, the number

Purpose: To assess how some of the new developments in brain positron emission tomography (PET) image reconstruction affect quantitative measures and software-aided assessment of pathology in patients with neurodegenerative diseases. Methods: PET data were grouped into four cohorts: prodromal Alzheimer's disease patients and controls receiving [18F]flutemetamol, and neurodegenerative disease patie

BACKGROUND: Hospitalized newborn infants may require analgesia and sedation either for the management of procedural pain, during or after surgery, and other painful conditions. The benefits and harms of opioids administered at different doses and routes of administration have been reported in numerous trials and systematic reviews. The use of alpha-2-agonists such as clonidine and dexmedetomidine

Modern vibrational spectroscopy techniques enable the rapid collection of thousands of spectra in a single hyperspectral image, allowing researchers to study spatially heterogeneous samples at micrometer resolution. A number of algorithms have been developed to correct for effects such as atmospheric absorption, light scattering by cellular structures and varying baseline levels. After preprocessi

The aim of the study was to examine the Family and School Psychosocial Environment (FSPE) questionnaire in relation to a possible genotype-environment correlation and genetic mediation between the FSPE variables and personality variables, assessed by the Junior Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. A sample of 506 Swedish children aged 10-20 years from 253 families were recruited via the Swedish stat

The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of literature about recruitment, retention and resignation among non-career firefighters. Design/methodology/approach: A systematic review was conducted to identify factors associated with the recruitment, retention and resignation of non-career firefighters. The authors divided the results into three topics and four levels for further analysis. Fin

To utilise carbon dioxide as a resource rather than treating it only as a polluting greenhouse gas is gaining increased attention. Expectations on the future capabilities of technologies that could make utilisation of carbon dioxide possible are currently raised in scientific literature. These are in important ways shaping the development process by defining what is possible and desirable to devel

Abstract: Recently, a crystal structure of V-nitrogenase was presented, showing that one of the µ2 sulphide ions in the active site (S2B) is replaced by a lighter atom, suggested to be NH or NH2, i.e. representing a reaction intermediate. Moreover, a sulphur atom is found 7 Å from the S2B site, suggested to represent a storage site for this ion when it is displaced. We have re-evaluated this struc

The gray seal (Halichoerus grypus) population in the Baltic Sea is flourishing. On the one hand, this can be interpreted as successful conservation management but, on the other, the gray seal has also become a persistent problem for small-scale coastal fisheries. Departing from the appraisal theory of emotion, this case study investigated local people’s appraisals of the current situation of small