Insect herbivores can shift the composition of a plant community, but the mechanismunderlying such shifts remains largely unexplored. A possibility is that insects alter thecompetitive symmetry between plant species. The effect of herbivory on competitionlikely depends on whether the plants are subjected to aboveground or belowgroundherbivory or both, and also depends on soil nitrogen levels. It i

The transition to a Circular Economy (CE) requires enabling conditions that remove existing barriers in product life extension and material recovery operations. This contribution investigates barriers to material resource efficiency strategies in the maritime sector in Scandinavia and discusses the potential of policy interventions to enable increased reuse and remanufacturing of ship components.

The last two decades have seen a significant increase in the number and quality of cross-national measures of institutions, which are also covering longer and longer time spans. However, despite the considerable progress that has been made, important measurement issues linger. This chapter argues that the key future challenge for the measurement of institutions is how to square objective or direct

DN DEBATT 15/3. Sedan industrialiseringens början har vi använt omkring fyra femtedelar av den mängd fossilt kol som får förbrännas för att vi ska klara Parisavtalet. Vi har bara en femtedel kvar och det är bråttom att kraftigt reducera utsläppen. Det har Greta Thunberg och de strejkande ungdomarna förstått. Därför stödjer vi deras krav, skriver 270 klimatforskare.

"Med tanke på att uppvärmningen redan nått cirka en grad, är de närmaste tio årens beslut, investeringar och andra åtgärder avgörande”, skriver fyra forskare.

Aims To investigate whether multi-frequency measurement of vibration perception thresholds (VPTs) can identify individuals with a high risk of developing diabetic foot ulcer or neuropathic symptoms. Methods VPTs were measured at six different frequencies (4, 8, 16, 32, 64 and 125 Hz) on metatarsal heads 1 and 5 on the sole of the foot using a standard VibroSense Meter device in 535 type 1 diabetic

Introduction: There is no definitive cure for Dupuytren disease (DD), and recurrence of finger contractures after treatment is common. Surgical fasciectomy is considered the standard treatment method for recurrence, although associated with a high incidence of complications. Collagenase injection, a non-surgical treatment option, has been shown to be a safe and effective method; however, most stud

In this paper we present an approach to gaining increased anonymity from authorities within a VANET. Standardization organizations and researchers working on VANETs recognize privacy as highly important. However, most research focuses on privacy from other vehicles and external attackers, as opposed to privacy from system-administrating authorities. Our proposed solution forces authorities to reso

In the present study a finite element model of the FSW process is built and a FSW butt weld of two aluminium alloy 2024-T3 plates is simulated using a fully coupled thermo-mechanical analysis. Besides the welded panels, the model includes the backing plate and the welding tool as physical bodies, which makes the simulations more realistic. The model also includes conductive heat transfer between t

Background: Seasonal variation in glucose metabolism might be driven by changes in daylight. Melatonin entrains circadian regulation and is directly associated with daylight. The relationship between melatonin receptor 1B gene variants with glycemic traits and type 2 diabetes is well established. We studied if daylight length was associated with glycemic traits and if it modified the relationship

As the dimensions of a structure are decreased towards the nanometer scale, the mechanical response to loading deviates from what is observed macroscopically. This is due to a change in material properties stemming from the relative increase in number of surface atoms as compared to bulk atoms. Surface atoms lack some of their neighboring atoms, leading to a reorganization of the electron clouds a

A comprehensive coarse grain model (CGM) is applied to simulation of biomass steam gasification in bubbling fluidized bed reactor. The CGM was evaluated by comparing the hydrodynamic behavior and heat transfer prediction with the results predicted using the discrete element method (DEM) and experimental data in a lab-scale fluidized bed furnace. CGM shows good performance and the computational ti

CONCLUSIONS: The blood group antigen Vel has been one of immunohematology's greatest enigmas: the variation in antigen strength from one individual to another, the property of anti-Vel to readily hemolyze Vel+ red blood cells (RBCs), and the difficulty to screen for sufficient numbers of Vel- blood donors had made Vel a tough nut to crack. In 2013, a small, previously unknown protein called small

One challenge to synthetic biology is to design functional machines from natural building blocks, from individual amino acids up to larger motifs such as the coiled coil. Here we investigate a novel bipedal motor concept, the Bar-Hinge Motor (BHM), a peptide-based motor capable of executing directed motion via externally controlled conformational switching between a straight bar and a V-shaped hin