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Recent developments in high- and middle-income countries have exhibited a shift from conventional urban water systems to alternative solutions that are more diverse in source separation, decentralization, and modularization. These solutions include nongrid, small-grid, and hybrid systems to address such pressing global challenges as climate change, eutrophication, and rapid urbanization. They clos

Molecular biomarkers, like gene transcripts or enzyme activities, are potentially powerful tools for early warning assessment ofpollution. However, a thorough understanding of response and baseline variation is required to distinguish actual effects frompollution. Here, we assess the freshwater musselAnodonta anatinaas a biomarker model species for freshwater ecosystems, bytesting responses of six

The environmental effects of brine discharge in the Arabian/Persian Gulf have been assessed. The Arabic Gulf is a wide and shallow system having a horizontal shear dominance. The management choice of mixing brine with wastewater to reduce the salt content in the discharge has also been considered. Approximately 90% of the area around the Arabian Gulf has been compared with the world data for desal

In this paper, the investment in new desalination capacity, expressed as daily production capacity, was studied as a function of oil production and population increase for a large group of countries for the last 25 years. These countries were selected for their large desalination production and Sweden presented as reference. Oil production correlated well with investments in new desalination capac

Desalination can be a cost-effective way to produce fresh water and possibly electricity. The Gaza Strip has had a complex hydro-political situation for many years. Gaza (enclosed area) is bordered by the Mediterranean in the west, by Israel in the north and east and by Egypt in the south. Water and electricity consumption in the Gaza Strip is expected to increase in the future due to the increasi

Gaza has several water problems; inefficient water use by the agricultural sector, limited fresh water supply and high water demand, groundwater contamination, seawater intrusion and shortage of electricity. More water and electricity for the future development of Gaza that will give better life; a significant value of water should be added to the Palestinians living in blocked Gaza; more employme

Shrunken pore syndrome (SPS) is defined by a cystatin C-based estimation of glomerular filtration rate (eGFRCYS) being less than 60% or 70% of a creatinine-based GFR estimation (eGFRCR) in the absence of extrarenal influences on cystatin C or creatinine concentrations. SPS has been associated with a substantial increase in mortality or morbidity in all investigated populations. However, in these s

Water and salt mass balances for the Dead Sea were modeled. Precipitation, evaporation, river discharges, ground water flows, input/output from potash companies and salt production, and brine discharge were included in the models. The mixing time in the Dead Sea was modeled using a single-layer (well-mixed) atwo-layer (stratified) system.Using the single-layer approach the water level was predicte

Non-exhaust wear emissions from disc brakes affect the air quality in cities throughout the world. These emissions come from the wear of the contact surfaces of both the pads and disc. The tribological and emissions performance of disc brakes strongly depend on the contact surface characteristics of the pads and discs. The surfaces of conventional pads are scorched by heating it to several hundred

Background: Randomized trials confirm the benefits of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation on cardiovascular risk factors. Whether exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation provides the same favourable effects in real-life cardiac rehabilitation settings, in the modern era of myocardial infarction treatment, is less well known. We examined the association between attending exercise-based cardiac reha

In recent years, a subgroup of B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP ALL) without an established abnormality ("B-other") has been shown to be characterized by rearrangements of ABL1, ABL2, CSF1R, or PDGFRB (a.k.a. ABL-class genes). Using FISH with probes for these genes, we screened 55 pediatric and 50 adult B-other cases. Three (6%) of the adult but none of the childhood B-other caseIn recent years, a subgroup of B‐cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP ALL) without an established abnormality (“B‐other”) has been shown to be characterized by rearrangements of ABL1 , ABL2 , CSF1R , or PDGFRB (a.k.a. ABL‐class genes). Using FISH with probes for these genes, we screened 55 pediatric and 50 adult B‐other cases. Three (6%) of the adult but none of the childhood B‐other c

Serological analysis has a central role in the diagnostic work-up of patients with suspected small vessel vasculitis, both for establishing a specific diagnosis and for the monitoring of response to therapy. Autoantibodies can be detected in all forms of primary small vessel vasculitis as well as in the most common forms of secondary vasculitis. For primary vasculitis the most important serologica

De små gårdarna är allvarligt hotade och därmed också mosaiklandskapet och den gastronomiska mångfalden. Det skriver flera debattörer.

In this manuscript, we demonstrate the potential of replacing the standard bottom anti-reflective coating (BARC) with a polymethylglutarimide (PMGI) layer for wafer-scale nanofabrication by means of deep-UV displacement talbot lithography (DTL). PMGI is functioning as a developable non-UV sensitive bottom anti-reflective coating (DBARC). After introducing the fabrication process using a standard B

Inom det nordisk-baltiska projektet SPEDUCULT skickades det ut en enkät till personer och verksamheter som arbetar med multisensoriska miljöer/sinnesrum i Sverige. De som svarade arbetade huvudsakligen inom verksamheter för personer med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning, såsom särskilda centra för sinnesstimulering, daglig verksamhet, habilitering eller skola. Svaren kom från 27 olika orter i SveWithin the Nordic-Baltic SPEDUCULT project, a survey was sent to people and work places engaged in multisensory environments (also called MSEs or sensory rooms) in Sweden. Most of the respondents worked with individuals with intellectual disabilities, at centra for sensory stimulation, workplaces for daily activities, habilitation centra or schools. The answers to the survey came from 27 places in

ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) includes granulomatosis with polyangiitis, microscopic polyangiitis and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Epidemiological studies in AAV are important in understanding possible aetiologic mechanisms and facilitating healthcare planning. However, epidemiological studies present a number of challenges including clear definition of cases differentiated fr