Purpose: Volumetry of cerebral ventricles is a far more sensitive measure for shunt-induced reduction of ventricular size than traditional 2-dimensional (2D) measures, such as Evans index. However, available ventricle segmentation methods are time-consuming, resulting in limited use in clinical practice. Quantitative MRI (qMRI) obtains objective measurements of physical tissue properties, enabling

Despite its significance for climate adaptation, the impact of non-native Spartina alterniflora on coastal blue carbon cycling remains unclear. While it is generally reported that S. alterniflora invasion increases the soil organic carbon (SOC) stock along China's coastlines from tropical to subtropical climate zones, some cases, such as the Jiuduansha wetland in the Yangtze River estuary, show a

The Islamist regime in Tehran is increasingly striving to influence, threaten, and spy on Swedish citizens. Influence operations now target not only Swedish-Iranians but also Swedes with no ties to Iran.

Iran operates on multiple levels against Sweden and the Western world, providing numerous reasons to heighten vigilance.

Iran is actively working to target specific individuals on Swedish soil. This is no longer limited to exiled Iranians.

Autoimmune liver diseases (AiLDs), including autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), are immune-mediated conditions associated with significant hepatic and systemic manifestations. Among these, cytopenias-defined as reductions in blood cell counts affecting single or multiple lineages-represent a clinically important, though often un

The R3B (Reactions with Relativistic Radioactive Beams) experiment as a major instrument of the NUSTAR collaboration for the research facility FAIR in Darmstadt is designed for kinematically complete studies of reactions with high-energy radioactive beams. Part of the broad physics program of R3B is to constrain the asymmetry term in the nuclear equation-of-state and hence improve the description

Building on recent advances of the embedded cluster approach combined with multiconfigurational theory, this work investigates the electronic states in thorium-doped CaF2 crystals. Th:CaF2 is established as a promising material for solid-state nuclear clocks, which utilize the laser-Accessible isomeric state in thorium-229. By comparing simulated absorption spectra of a library of defect configura

This paper gives an overview of the approach of working methods at the Aedas R&D Computational Design and Research [CDR] Group. It first contextualizes research in architectural practice and tries to propose an explanation for the difficulties in implementing it; then explains the evolution of the groups' computing approach from bespoke to heuristic sets of lightweight applications. It conclud

Designing simulations for urban design not only requires explicit performance criteria of planning standards but a synthesis of implicit design objectives, that we will call 'purpose rules', with computational approaches. The former would at most lead to automation of the existing planning processes for speed and evaluation, the latter to an understanding of perceived urban qualities and their eff

One aspect of how cities are arranged and configured, from structures of communication networks to land division, programme distribution, and location of functions, monuments, and other urban objects is directly related to questions of power and representation. While sometimes more explicitly discussed regarding buildings or historical cities, as by Thomas A Markus and Kim Dovey, it is a present i

This paper proposes and explains a type of diagrams which share some of the characteristics distinctive of axial maps, while also differing substantially in some other aspects. A main discussion in Space Syntax is the capacity of different diagrammatic representations to describe relevant morphological characteristics of space: convex maps or visibility graphs at the scale of buildings; axial maps

Barely a month before the end of World War II, a technical report begun circulating among allied scientists: the ‘First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC’, attributed to John von Neumann, described for the first time the design and implementation of the earliest stored-program computer. The ‘First Draft’ became the template followed by subsequent British and American computers, establishing the stand

In many fields connected to architecture and urban design, the term 'resilience' has grown common and tends to stand for a variety of different things. What this paper intends to do is to work with the term under a rather basic understanding - that of systems capable of performing even after being altered. Specifically, this means the extent to which a spatial configuration is sensitive to smaller

In analyses of affordances and opportunities in different neighbourhoods it is found that access to public buildings and a well-functioning public space are of outmost importance. This is found to be especially important in neighbourhoods having a population with fewer resources, areas often discussed in terms as ‘deprived’ or ‘excluded’, concepts that alludes to the phenomenon of segregation. Pre