Bile acids (BA) are formed from cholesterol in the liver and, apart from being part of fat digestion, they also act as signalling molecules in several health-related physiological processes. BA composition is regulated by gut microbiota as well as dietary fibre (DF) and fat in the diet. This thesis describes how different types of DF and fat levels, can alter BA composition in the caecum/faeces an

Aim: To evaluate aerobic exercise in migraine and co-existing tension-type headache and neck pain. Methods: Consecutively recruited persons with migraine and co-existing tension-type headache and neck pain were randomized into an exercise group or control group. Aerobic exercise consisted of bike/cross-trainer/brisk walking for 45 minutes, three times/week. Controls continued usual daily activitie

The aim of this work is the development of a thermodynamically consistent fully coupled thermo-viscoplastic material model for metals.The model is based on a split of the free energy into a thermo-elastic, a thermo-plastic and a purely thermal part and covers nonlinear cold-work hardening and thermal softening.Nonlinear temperature dependent effects are accounted for the elastic moduli, the plasti

The aim of this work is the development of a thermodynamically consistent fully coupled thermoviscoplastic material model for metals, especially for case hardening steels.The model is based on a split of the free energy into a thermo-elastic, a purely plastic and a purely thermal part and covers nonlinear cold-work hardening and thermal softening.Effects arising from phase transformations at auste

OBJECTIVES: Hazardous drinking could negatively affect health and lead to alcohol use disorders, but it is unclear how hazardous drinking affects treatment outcomes of depression and anxiety and stress-related mental health problems. The aim of this study was to examine whether hazardous drinking, measured by Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C), influences the outcomes

Non-small cell lung cancer is the most common type of lung cancer. Both environmental and genetic risk factors contribute to lung carcinogenesis. We conducted a genome-wide interaction analysis between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and smoking status (never- versus ever-smokers) in a European-descent population. We adopted a two-step analysis strategy in the discovery stage: we first cond

Background: We have previously performed a Genome Wide Association and linkage study that indicated a new disease triggering mechanism involving amino acid metabolism and nutrient sensing signaling pathways. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate if plasma amino acid levels differed among children with celiac disease compared with disease controls. Materials and methods: Fasting plasm

HPV16 late L1 mRNAs encode a short central exon that is located between HPV16 3′-splice site SA3358 and HPV16 5′-splice site SD3632. While SA3358 is used to produce both HPV16 early mRNAs encoding the E6 and E7 oncogenes, and late mRNAs encoding E4, L1 and L2, SD3632 is used exclusively to produce late L1 mRNA. We have previously identified an 8-nucleotide regulatory RNA element that is required f

The output from whole genome sequencing is a set of contigs, i.e. short non-overlapping DNA sequences (sizes 1-100 kilobasepairs). Piecing the contigs together is an especially difficult task for previously unsequenced DNA, and may not be feasible due to factors such as the lack of sufficient coverage or larger repetitive regions which generate gaps in the final sequence. Here we propose a new met

Coherent operation of gate-voltage-controlled hybrid transmon qubits (gatemons) based on semiconductor nanowires was recently demonstrated. Here we experimentally investigate the anharmonicity in epitaxial InAs-Al Josephson junctions, a key parameter for their use as a qubit. Anharmonicity is found to be reduced by roughly a factor of 2 compared to conventional metallic junctions and dependent on

Boken behandlar i introduktionen ekfrasen, beskrivandets konst, allmänt; begreppets innebörd, historia relaterad till visualitet och dess ställning idag. Sedan följer tio tematiserade kapitel med kortare och längre ekfraser. De senare växer i några fall ut till essäer.

Agricultural intensification is one of the main causes for the current biodiversity crisis. While reversing habitat loss on agricultural land is challenging, increasing the farmland configurational heterogeneity (higher field border density) and farmland compositional heterogeneity (higher crop diversity) has been proposed to counteract some habitat loss. Here, we tested whether increased farmland

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) is a neuropeptide implicated in a wide range of functions, such as nociception and in primary headaches. Regarding its localization, PACAP has been observed in the sensory trigeminal ganglion (TG), in the parasympathetic sphenopalatine (SPG) and otic ganglia (OTG), and in the brainstem trigeminocervical complex. Immunohistochemistry has shown

Den här avhandlingen undersöker staters interaktion som en social läroprocess, i syfte att förstå hur stater lär sig om miljönormer. Detta sker genom en konstruktivistisk ansats och mer specifikt ett roll-teoretiskt perspektiv, där en roll förstås som statens repertoar av beteende, jämsides dess funktion i en social interaktionskontext. Rollen formas av ego- och alterförväntningar, det vill säga bThis study investigates state interaction as a social learning process, where the ultimate aim is to enhance an understanding on how states learn of environmental norms. An entry into the domain on such learning processes is offered through a Constructivist approach and more specifically through the employment of a role theoretical perspective; a role here is signified as a state's repertory of be

Background: Autoimmune (type 1) diabetes (T1D) is a frequent chronic disease in children and adolescents globally. Gestational enterovirus (EV) infections have been associated with an increased risk for T1D in the offspring. We test the hypothesis that EV infections during the first trimester were associated with beta cell autoantibodies in mothers of children who developed islet autoantibodies be

The aim of this dissertation is to analyse value creation in a rural tourism development project. In order to analyse value creation, I investigate how participants of a rural tourism development project define and understand uniqueness of that particular rural area as a lever to developing a touristic offer. The empirical research question guiding this work is: How do participants of a rural tour

A search for doubly charged Higgs bosons with pairs of prompt, isolated, highly energetic leptons with the same electric charge is presented. The search uses a proton–proton collision data sample at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV corresponding to 36.1 fb - 1 of integrated luminosity recorded in 2015 and 2016 by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. This analysis focuses on the decays H± ±→ e±e±, H± ±→

The purpose of this article is to contribute to the discussion concerning the present position and future directions of strategic communication by look- ing into the past and offering some proposals and a vision of how to develop and advance the field further. Research in strategic communication has mostly focused on communication professionals working in commu- nication departments or agencies as

A search is conducted for new resonances decaying into a W W or W Z boson pair, where one W boson decays leptonically and the other W or Z boson decays hadronically. It is based on proton-proton collision data with an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb−1 collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider at a centre-of-mass energy of s=13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. The search is sensitive to