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Understanding the patterns of evolutionary sequence divergence is fundamental for comparative analyses like phylogenetics or genomics. The rate at which the different sites of protein sequences evolve is multifactorial and the causes of variation among them are highly convoluted. Inference methods have been developed to estimate site-specific evolution rates from sequence alignments. Moreover, sev
Det pågår en ökning av skönhetsingrepp i vårt samhälle och tidigare studier tenderar att visa på samband mellan skönhetsingrepp och personlighetsdrag. Den här studiens syfte var att granska sambanden mellan självkänsla, social anpassning och skönhetsingrepp genom en kvantitativ undersökning. Studien undersökte om lägre grad av självkänsla och högre grad av social anpassning påverkar attityden tillThere is an increase in cosmetic surgery in our society and more recent studies tend to show links between beauty procedures and personality traits. The aim of this study was to review the relationships between self-esteem, social adaptation and cosmetic surgery through a quantitative survey. The study examined whether lower levels of self-esteem and higher levels of social adaption affect attitud
We present a method for human brain fixation based on simultaneous perfusion of 4% paraformaldehyde through carotids after a flush with saline. The left carotid cannula is used to perfuse the body with 10% formalin, to allow further use of the body for anatomical research or teaching. The aim of our method is to develop a vascular fixation protocol for the human brain, by adapting protocols that a
In recent years the number of disorders known to affect amino acid synthesis has grown rapidly. Nor is it just the number of disorders that has increased: the associated clinical phenotypes have also expanded spectacularly, primarily due to the advances of next generation sequencing diagnostics. In contrast to the “classical” inborn errors of metabolism in catabolic pathways, in which elevated lev
Serine deficiency disorders are rare defects in the biosynthesis of the amino acid L-serine. At present two disorders have been reported: 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase deficiency and 3-phosphoserine phosphatase deficiency. These enzyme defects lead to severe neurological symptoms such as congenital microcephaly and severe psychomotor retardation and in addition in patients with 3-phosphoglycera
The quasi-stationary state characterizing the saturation of a single-pass free-electron laser is governed by the Vlasov equation obtained by performing the continuum limit of the Colson-Bonifacio model. By means of a statistical treatment, this approach allows to predict analytically the saturated laser intensity as well as the final electron-beam energy distribution. In this paper we consider the
This book covers the most important topics that people working as process control engineers and plant operators will encounter. It focuses on PID control, explains when to use P-, PI-, PD- or PID control as well as PID tuning and includes difficult to control process nonlinearities such as valve stiction or sensor problems. The book also explains advanced control strategies that are necessary when
We present a calculation of the electromagnetic π+-π0 mass difference within the framework of the QCD effective action approach. The dependence on the constituent chiral quark mass is discussed.
This paper gives an account of Colin McGinn's essay: "Can We Solve the Mind-Body Problem?". McGinn's answer to his own essay title is that the problem is forever beyond us due to the particular nature of our cognitive abilities. The present author offers a number of criticisms of the arguments which support this conclusion
