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The population dynamics of organisms living in short-lived habitats will largely depend on the turnover of habitat patches. It has been suggested that epiphytes, whose host plants can be regarded as habitat patches, often form such patch-tracking populations. However, very little is known about the long-term fate of epiphyte individuals and populations. We estimated life span and assessed environm
Introduction and aim: From a sustainable supply chain standpoint, concern for workers' safety on the job is essential. Driving safety is vital since accidents in the trucking industry often result in the deaths of both truck drivers and other road users. We found a potential correlation between nicotine usage and driving safety risk in the literature. Sleep quality also appears to play a medi
Popular science summary: Healing: what we can learn from white mice Stem cells are a cell type responsible for building the body. They are the ancestor cells from which all the cells making up the body’s tissues are created. Stem cells play an important role in maintaining the body in shape by repairing damages as they occur during life. We believe that if we had a better understanding of how t
Abstract Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by selective loss of dopaminergic neurons and progressive accumulation of intracellular alpha synuclein protein aggregates known as Lewy bodies. Due to pathological links to both sporadic and inherited cases of PD, alpha synuclein (asyn) has become a focal point for study, although the exact mechanisms of its toxicity are not known. In contrast to
Enzyme engineering for a better future It is essential for many organisms on this planet to be able to digest plants. One of those organisms is the blue mussel, which uses certain enzymes in its stomach to break down sugar fibers in the algae that it eats. But how does this really work, and can we use it for anything? Plant cells have very strong walls, protecting them from environmental stress.
Abstract Dopamine as a neurotransmitter was discovered in the late 1950s. The dopaminergic system is one of the most well studied neurotransmitter systems in the brain. It is involved in many important functions, such as motor function control; reward, reinforcement, motivation, associative learning, salience information encoding; cognition etc. Disturbances of the dopaminergic system may result
Background: FTV Capital is a private equity company specializing in growth equity. Even though the company has been very successful, the private equity industry is highly competitive and more and more companies are turning their strategy towards growth equity. To stand out and keep the competitive advantage, having a strong brand and communicating efficiently is particularly important for a privat
In June 2005 the Commission imposed a &euro&semic60 million fine on AstraZeneca for abusing its dominant position. This was followed in December 2005 by the Discussion Paper on the application of Article 82 EC, issued by the Directorate-General for Competition of the European Commission. This thesis discusses the interpretation of Article 82 EC and does this from the perspective of pharmac
This thesis deals with the type of contract terms which normally are referred to as exemption clauses. Through the incorporation of an exemption clause, a seller is able to exempt or limit the liabilities or obligations non-mandatory law otherwise would give him. There is however several restrictions in law which are intended to protect the other party from abuses. First and foremost, courts can e
Sen ankomst för arbetstagare är ett problem som sällan tvistas om i domstol, och avgörs inte särskilt ofta till arbetsgivarens favör när denne vill säga upp arbetstagare på denna grund. Uppsatsens syfte är att utreda vad som gäller angående arbetsgivarens uppsägningsrätt i fall av denna typ utifrån diverse rättskällor, och hur frågan hanteras i praktiken av företag och fackliga ombudsmän då det kaLate arrival for work by an employee is an issue that is rarely tested in trial, nor does the employer win cases of this type very often. The purpose of this essay is to investigate the employer’s right to dismiss an employee on this ground. Different sources of law will be used to assess this, coupled with an insight into how the matter is handled in companies and trade union solicitors since thi
In this study child pornography offence and more stringent measures against child pornography on the Internet are discussed. Furthermore, the study explores several ways and means of effectively combating child pornography. Thus, the intention with this essay is to consider various provisions that should be taken in order to achieve a more effective combating of child pornography on the Internet.
The global cobalt cycle in society was modelled using an integrated systems dynamics model, WORLD6, integrating several earlier system dynamics models developed by the authors. The COBALT sub-model was used to assess the long-term sufficiency of the available extractable cobalt and address the effect of different degrees of recycling on cobalt supply. The extraction of cobalt is mostly dependent o
Purpose: Today’s chemical society use and emit an enormous number of different, potentially ecotoxic, chemicals to the environment. The vast majority of substances do not have characterisation factors describing their ecotoxicity potential. A first stage, high throughput, screening tool is needed for prioritisation of which substances need further measures. Methods: USEtox characterisation factors
White dwarf stars represent the last evolutionary stage of most stars in the Universe. As many of half of these stars are known to have metals in their atmospheres, that must have entered the atmosphere recently. Some also have observable debris discs, hinting that remnant exoplanets provide an important puzzle piece. However, we do not know the full extent of their role, as it is very hard to obs
Background: Antibiotics provide only modest benefit in treating sore throat, although their effectiveness increases in people with positive throat swabs for group A beta-haemolytic streptococci (GABHS). It is unclear which antibiotic is the best choice if antibiotics are indicated. This is an update of a review first published in 2010, and updated in 2013, 2016, and 2021. Objectives: To assess the
Monitoring available feed for livestock is a key factor for developing pastoralism in the Sahel, and satellite images has proven useful in monitoring dry mass on large spatial scales. This approach requires field measurements of dry mass (herbaceous and woody plants) to calibrate such models based on Earth observation data. However, the need for representative field measurements can be a challenge
Introduction Tourette syndrome and chronic tic disorder are common, disabling childhood-onset conditions. Guidelines recommend that behavioural therapy should be offered as first-line treatment for children with tics. However, there are very few trained behaviour therapists for tics and many patients cannot access appropriate care. This trial investigates whether an internet-delivered intervention
Energy balance closure is an important feature in studies of ecosystem exchanges of energy and greenhouse gases using the eddy covariance method. Previous analyses show that this is still a problem with imbalances in the order of 0.6–0.7 to full closure (for only a few sites). It has been suggested that mesoscale transport processes that are not captured by the eddy covariance measurements are the
Atmospheric inverse modelling and ecosystem data assimilation are two complementary approaches to estimate CH4 emissions. The inverse approach infers emission estimates from observed atmospheric CH4 mixing ratio, which provide robust large scale constraints on total methane emissions, but with poor spatial and process resolution. On the other hand, in the ecosystem data assimilation approach, the
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted routine hospital services globally. This study estimated the total number of adult elective operations that would be cancelled worldwide during the 12 weeks of peak disruption due to COVID-19.Methods: A global expert response study was conducted to elicit projections for the proportion of elective surgery that would be cancelled or postponed during t
