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BACKGROUND: A previous study on mechanical complications after central venous catheterisation demonstrated differences in complication rates between male and female operators. The objective of this subgroup analysis was to further investigate these differences. The hypothesis was that differences in distribution of predefined variables between operator genders could be identified.METHODS: This was
Actual evapotranspiration (AET) is one of the decisive factors controlling the water balance at the catchment level, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions, but measured data for which are generally unavailable. In this study, performance of a base artificial intelligence (AI) model, adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), and its hybrids with two bio-inspired optimization algorithms, n
Objective: Antimicrobial resistance is a growing worldwide problem and is considered to be one of the biggest threats to global health by the World Health Organization. Insights into the determinants of antibiotic prescribing may be gained by comparing the antibiotic usage patterns of Australia and Sweden. Design: Publicly available data on dispensed use of antibiotics in Australia and Sweden betw
Background: The complexity of pancreaticoduodenectomy and fear of morbidity, particularly postoperative pancreatic fistula, can be a barrier to surgical trainees gaining operative experience. This meta-analysis sought to compare the postoperative pancreatic fistula rate after pancreatoenteric anastomosis by trainees or established surgeons. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was perfor
Background: Cadmium (Cd) exposure during gestation has been associated with altered DNA methylation at birth, but it is not known if the changes in methylation persist into childhood. Objectives: To evaluate whether gestational Cd-related changes of DNA methylation persist from birth to 9 years of age. Methods: We studied mother–child dyads in a longitudinal cohort in rural Bangladesh. Cadmium con
Background: The influence of familial factors on the prognosis of ischemic stroke (IS) is unknown. This nationwide follow-up study evaluated familial mortality risks of IS among Swedish sibling pairs hospitalized for IS. Methods: We linked Swedish nationwide registers for the identification of 1380 Swedish born sibling pairs (2760 cases), where both siblings were hospitalized for first-time IS bet
Objectives: Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is associated with a poor prognosis and a lack of specific treatment options. The dysregulation of activin A (ActA) has been reported in various malignancies. Herein, we investigated the diagnostic and prognostic significance of ActA in LUSC. Materials and methods: ActA concentrations were measured using ELISA in plasma samples of 128 LUSC patients (
PURPOSE: Several studies have indicated that broad genomic characterization of childhood cancer provides diagnostically and/or therapeutically relevant information in selected high-risk cases. However, the extent to which such characterization offers clinically actionable data in a prospective broadly inclusive setting remains largely unexplored.METHODS: We implemented prospective whole-genome seq
Background and purpose: Tamoxifen remains an important adjuvant treatment in premenopausal patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Thus, determination of hormone receptors is important. Here, we compare cytosol-based methods, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and gene expression (GEX) analysis for determining hormone receptor status in premenopausal breast cancer patients from a randomise
Introduction: Older people with intellectual disabilities (ID) have higher levels of comorbidities and overall healthcare utilization than the general population. A known healthcare need would imply high levels of planned healthcare, while unplanned healthcare could be a sign of unmet healthcare needs. Thus, to understand if older people with ID are receiving the healthcare they need, different ty
The effect of future changes in temperature and precipitation patterns on arctic ecosystem functioning is often assessed using state-of-the-art ecosystem models. Many models however lack detailed representation of wintertime processes, as pointed out by recent studies (Wang et al. 2016, Slater and Lawrence 2013). This bias may influence the derived outputs, such as soil temperature, permafrost ext
Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka de för parfymtillverkare tillgängliga varumärkes- och marknadsrättsliga verktygen mot snålskjutsfenomenet ”smell-alikes”, dvs. efterbildningar av välkända märkesparfymer av lägre kvalitet som säljs för en bråkdel av originalpriset. I avsaknad av ett självklart, juridiskt varumärkesskydd för dofter lämnas producenterna att förlita sig på det varumärkesrätThe aim of this paper is to investigate the legal tools available for perfume producers in trademark and market law against the free-riding phenomenon “smell-alikes”, i.e. imitations of famous brand perfumes of lower quality sold at a fraction of the original price. In the absence of evident legal trademark protection for fragrances, manufacturers have to rely on the trademark protection granted
BACKGROUND: Ecuador is a Spanish speaking country located in northwestern South America with an approximate population of 16 million people. It is considered a developing country. The public healthcare system is divided into three branches and there are also private services available. Musculoskeletal disorders are overly represented in the developing world, especially where poverty and rural livi
Lund's Climate Alliance was initiated 2010 by the municipality of Lund, in southern Sweden, to support local climate adaptation and mitigation efforts. The purpose of this paper is to investigate what each member of Lund's Climate Alliance believes will be necessary to realize sustainability goals particular to their organization in the future. The study thereby points to new topics, activ
Uganda faces various challenges related to compliance, including tax evasion, regulatory non- compliance, and violations of legal standards, laws, policies and regulations among others. These issues undermine the government's ability to collect revenue, provide public services, and maintain law and order. Enhancing compliance is not only a matter of enforcing penalties but also involves creati
Today, many cities around the world are looking for means to reduce their consumption-originated emissions and in this way improve their sustainability. Consequently, local governments are becoming increasingly interested in the potential of the ‘sharing economy’ (SE). By enabling the consumption of resources and services through sharing as opposed to purchasing goods for ownership, urban sharing
The use of CFD-models as an engineering tool for fire based analytical design of buildings has increased over the last few years. The reason for this is partly that the legislation allows for analytical dimensioning but also because the legislation demands a high degree of verification for the analytical dimensioning. The biggest reason is, however, that the computer power has increased and reache
Detta examensarbete avser att utreda vad det finns för möjligheter till stöd och skydd för flickor som utsätts för hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck. Hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck har sin grund i en patriarkal maktordning. Kön, makt, sexualitet och dess kulturella föreställningar är, grunden i hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck. Varje år utsätts flickor och unga kvinnor i Sverige för hedersrelaThis thesis will investigate what happens to girls who are victims of honour- related violence committed by their families to protect the family’s honour. The intention of this thesis is to clarify what help is available to these girls. Honour- related crime was first discussed in Swedish society at the beginning of the 1990’s. Honour- related violence has its roots in a patriarchal power structur
