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Popular Abstract in Swedish Bröstcancer är den vanligaste cancerformen bland kvinnor i Sverige. Ungefär var tionde kvinna beräknas drabbas av bröstcancer, och i Sverige insjuknar ungefär 7.000 kvinnor årligen. Glädjande nog har överlevnaden förbättrats och nästan 90% lever 5 år efter sin diagnos och cirka två tredjedelar kan anses botade. Trots detta dör cirka 1.500 kvinnor i sjukdomen i Sverige vBreast tumours harbour a large amount of genetic and epigenetic alterations, which are associated with e.g. tumour aggressiveness, prognosis, and response to therapy. The heterogeneity of breast tumours is reflected in the identification of at least five molecular subtypes named basal-like, luminal A, luminal B, HER2-enriched and normal-like, which are believed to originate from different cell typ

In recent years, mobile phones and GPS have become increasingly common tools for people working in elderly care. In the home care service, the mobile phone is now completely central to planning who will do what and when. The aim of the study was to investigate how home care staff shape their view of care work in the light of the mobile phones they use. The method chosen for this study was qualitiv

I denna uppsats behandlas den svenska regleringen av barnpornografibrottet och vad den omfattar efter 2010 års lagändring. Syftet med uppsatsen är att belysa om syftet med lagändringen har uppnåtts, att göra all befattning olagligt för att mer effektivt kunna bekämpa barnpornografi. Uppsatsen ger en detaljerad redogörelse för de ändringar som gjorts sedan regleringen infördes 1980. Utöver det tas In this essay the Swedish regulation regarding child pornography is discussed focused on parts included in the regulation after the amendment 2010. The purpose is to discuss if the intention with the new amendment has been achieved, that is to criminalize all types of behaviors related to child pornography for enabling more effective crime prevention. The essay presents a thorough review on what c

Corruption and lack of transparency go hand in hand in poor countries. As most corrupt countries in the world can be found on the African continent, these countries have become a main target for strategies with anti-corruption movements. Despite the widespread phenomenon of corruption in this area, the technology development is prosperous, and owning a mobile phone is more common than having a toi

Alfa Laval’s head office in Lund, Sweden, is the centre for research, development, and production of one of their key technologies: heat exchangers. The most common of these are the gasketed plate heat exchangers (GPHE). In these the liquid channels between heat transfer plates are sealed using rubber gaskets. The sealing ability of these gaskets are thus highly important for the performance of th

Climate reconstructions from data sensitive to past climates provide estimates of what these climates were like. Comparing these reconstructions with simulations from climate models allows to validate the models used for future climate prediction. It has been shown that for fossil pollen data, gaining estimates by inverting a vegetation model allows inclusion of past changes in carbon dioxide valu

The aim of this paper is to investigate certain aspects of the legal relationship between the EC and Switzerland in the field of public procurement. Public procurement can be defined as the purchase of goods, services, works and supplies by public authorities and enterprises. It comes as no surprise that public procurement has major economic ramifications, accounting for around 14% of the EC's

Cancer patients with advanced disease and short-survival expectancy were given hospital-based advanced home care (AHC) or conventional care (CC), according to their preference. The two groups were compared at baseline to investigate whether there were differences between the AHC and the CC patients that may help explain their choice of care. The patients were consecutively recruited over 2(1/2) ye

The crisis in fisheries, both in Sweden, Europe and globally, has for decades been a central topic for discussion among stakeholders with different perspectives. However, to regulate a problem and give the policy-making a proper target, there is a need for a common understanding of the problem. Inspired by Maarten Hajer, it is argued that discourses on environmental problems include story-lines an

Monoclonal antibody (mAb) fragments have become the formats of choice for both biopharmaceuticals and ligands in analytical and preparative applications. Their smaller size enables additional advantages over full-length mAbs, such as improved tissue penetration, faster blood clearance for diagnostic applications, improved capacity, and enablement of multivalent formatting. However, limitations in Monoclonal antibody (mAb) fragments have become the formats of choice for both biopharmaceuticals and ligands in analytical and preparative applications. Their smaller size enables additional advantages over full-length mAbs, such as improved tissue penetration, faster blood clearance for diagnostic applications, improved capacity, and enablement of multivalent formatting. However, limitations in

To overcome soil nutrient limitation, many plants have developed complex nutrient acquisition strategies including altering root morphology, root hair formation or colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). The interactions of these strategies and their plasticity are, however, affected by soil nutrient status throughout plant growth. Such plasticity is decisive for plant phosphorus (P) a

Several lines of evidence point to an increase in the activity of the terrestrial biosphere over recent decades, impacting the global net land carbon sink (NLS) and its control on the growth of atmospheric carbon dioxide (ca). Global terrestrial gross primary production (GPP)—the rate of carbon fixation by photosynthesis—is estimated to have risen by (31 ± 5)% since 1900, but the relative contribu

A controlled, highly engineered landfill has many similarities to natural peatlands or other natural anoxic sediment deposits. In anaerobic MSW landfills, generally about 30-50 percent of the total carbon content in the waste can be converted into biogas and be collected as resource for energy or chemical industry. Remaining long-lived organic carbon, e.g. from lignin remains un-degraded, Organic

Globally, freshwater ecosystems are warming at unprecedented rates and northern temperate lakes are simultaneously experiencing increased runoff of humic substances (brownification), with little known consequences for future conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. We employed an outdoor mesocosm experiment during spring and summer to investigate the combined effects of gradually in

The transport of biodegradable dissolved organic carbon (bDOC) across land-water boundaries is central to supporting the ecological and biogeochemical functioning of freshwater ecosystems. Yet, we know little about how the generation and supply of terrestrial bDOC to streams and lakes is regulated by the physical, biological, and hydrological properties of the riparian interface. Here, we assessed

Coastal environments, in particular heavily populated semi-enclosed marginal seas and coasts like the Baltic Sea region, are strongly affected by human activities. A multitude of human impacts, including climate change, affect the different compartments of the environment, and these effects interact with each other. As part of the Baltic Earth Assessment Reports (BEAR), we present an inventory and

High-quality healthcare decisions need to balance input from science and clinical practice. When two sources of evidence — such as scientific and practice-derived evidence — are compared, integrated, or need to stand-in for one another, they need to be comparable on similar dimensions. Since 1891, Swedish physicians have been operating under a legal requirement to base their healthcare decisions oBackgroundHigh-quality healthcare decisions need to balance input from science and clinical practice. When two sources of evidence — such as scientific and practice-derived evidence — are compared, integrated, or need to stand-in for one another, they need to be comparable on similar dimensions. Since 1891, Swedish physicians have been operating under a legal requirement to base their healthcare d

The importance of reducing environmental impacts has gained speed in the contemporary global context. Stabilization/Solidification (S/S) has become a practical method for handling polluted dredged sediments to make them usable as a construction material. This study aims to evaluate the environmental and economic impacts of a 48,586 m2 port, with stabilized dredged sediment, by focusing on the prod

Advances in Earth observation capabilities mean that there is now a multitude of spatially resolved data sets available that can support the quantification of water and carbon pools and fluxes at the land surface. However, such quantification ideally requires efficient synergistic exploitation of those data, which in turn requires carbon and water land-surface models with the capability to simulta

Shared e-scooters (SEs) are increasingly integrated into urban mobility systems, yet their role in commuting and contribution to sustainable transport remain insufficiently understood. This study examines SE commuting patterns in Malmo, Sweden, focusing on their use as both a first-/last-mile connection to public transport and a primary commuting mode. Using pre-pandemic trip data from a major SE