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This study has observed and investigated random telegraph noise in the photoluminescence from InAs quantum dots in GaAs and InP quantum dots in GaInP. The dots are grown by the Stranski-Krastanow technique with a sufficiently low surface density that individual dots easily could be investigated. The luminescence from many single quantum dots, exhibiting switching between two levels, has been spect

Popular Abstract in Swedish För att kunna förstå och bedöma exponeringen av kemikalier i miljön, i det här fallet PolyBromeradeDiphenylEtrar (PBDEer), behövs kunskap om källor och flöden från teknosfären till ekosystemen. PBDEer är bromerade flamskyddsmedel som bl a sätts till olika plastmaterial i elektronikanvändning för att förhindra brand. Det används globalt i miljontals kilo och presenteras I have studied the sources, long range transport, and rates of flow of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), from the technosphere to the Baltic ecosystems. PBDEs are mainly used in polymers, which are applied in electrical equipment to prevent overheating or flashover and are produced in large quantities. PBDEs have become widely spread in the environment, where they are able to accumulate in b

The availability and exchange of required packaging logistics information is critical to achieve an efficient, effective and responsive retail supply chain. The use of well defined packaging-related information that is available for all actors in the supp1y chain also facilitate an integrated and supply chain oriented packaging development. The objective of this paper is to investigate and describ

The aim of this book is to improve our understanding of creative knowledge environments. The various chapters analyse creative and innovate activities as carried out by individuals, groups and organisations. The book’s focus is on identifying and understanding the factors relating to the working environment that are conducive to human creativity and innovation. The editing of the book has been a c

This study investigates volatility spillovers to electric power fromlarge exogenous shocks in the prices of gas, coal, and carbon emissionallowances in the German energy market. Our sample ranges from 2008 to 2016and covers periods of different market conditions. We use a general VAR-BEKKmodel and the volatility impulse response function methodology to analyze andevaluate the spillover effects. Sp

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Background The Ho: YAG laser is used extensively in orthopedic surgery. It offers a minimally invasive method of ablating tissue with precision. Previous studies have explored the effects of laser use on temperature during experimental foraminoplasty. To date, there has been limited work on the effects of thermal stress on cells in this context. Material and methods Cells were exposed either to h

To enter new markets is not easy. The most obvious challenge, at least judging from the majority of literature on internationalization, is to understand the new market thus taking a market(ing) perspective. External aspects of internationalization are often stressed, while internal aspects, focusing on why organizations fail, are less developed or examined. In order to better understand the intern

In recent years, language contacts have been considered one of the main causes for language change (Heine and Kuteva 2005, 2006), and this is also the case in English. However, English has gone through a range of contacts including a mutually intelligible language, e.g., Old Norse, and various dialects. In the context of English, French does not form a similar kind of contact, since it was spoken

In order to produce good decisions, an efficient foundation for decision-making has to exist. This article shows the importance of formal as well as informal structures in order to make the decisions within GMES Advisory Council efficient.

To predict the service life of a structure, a model where the exposure of a structure is compared to its resistance can be used. Which exposure and resistance parameters that are relevant depend on which materials the structure consist of. This approach, with an exposure and a resistance parameter, is similar to the one used in structural engineering where a load (exposure) is compared to the bear

Popular Abstract in Swedish Jungfru Marie nycklar och skogsnycklar: systematik, evolution och invandringshistoria Jungfru Marie nycklar (ssp. maculata) och skogsnycklar (ssp. fuchsii) bildar tillsammans ett mångformigt och vittspritt artkomplex inom det eurasiska orkidésläktet Dactylorhiza. I min avhandling har jag kommit fram till flera allmänna och biologiskt viktiga slutsatser rörande artbildnThe aim of this thesis was to investigate and describe different aspects of variation in the Dactylorhiza maculata complex and to relate the variation patterns to underlying biological processes such as Quaternary migration history, hybridization and polyploid evolution. The variation patterns were analysed at various geographic levels using molecular markers (plastid DNA and ITS of nrDNA), cytolo

This thesis is based on the work that was done during 1992--1996 at the DELPHI detector at LEP. Its main parts are outlined below. The brief Introduction gives an overview of the science of Particle Physics, its development and contemporary status. The first chapter represents an introduction to the DELPHI detector at LEP, describing the main features of the LEP machine and the DELPHI detector a