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In sensitized subjects with allergic rhinitis (AR) or asthma, allergen exposure provokes symptoms. Among non-asthmatics with AR, an association between allergen sensitization, pollen season and lower airway inflammation has been demonstrated. Our aims were to compare AR and asthma with regard to patterns of allergen sensitization, the degree of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and levels of exhale
Concrete deteriorates due to many different mechanisms. Among the most important mechanisms is the reinforcement corrosion induced by deleterious substances reaching the embedded reinforcement bars. The external sources of deleterious materials may, for example, be deicing salts, sea water, and carbon dioxide. Research has sought to determine threshold values, in terms of concentration of deleteri
Abstract in UndeterminedUnless the basic user needs are satisfied in safety helmets, it is difficult to get workers to wear them habitually and for long periods. Hotness, weight and fitting problems are major wearability issues that require improvements. The enormous need for an optimally designed helmet in China prompted a case study on comfort aspects in helmets. The subjective impressions of th
Chronic exposure to inorganic mercury can cause kidney injury. Evidence gained from occupational medicine indicates that individuals who are exposed to only environmental sources, including amalgam tooth fillings, are at very little risk. Animal experiments, however, have revealed glomerular lesions of immunologic origin after low-dose exposure to inorganic mercury. In this study, the association
A fundamental assumption of theories of decision-making is that we detect mismatches between intention and outcome, adjust our behavior in the face of error, and adapt to changing circumstances. Is this always the case? We investigated the relation between intention, choice, and introspection. Participants made choices between presented face pairs on the basis of attractiveness, while we covertly
Commercial decabromodiphenyl ether (DecaBDE) is commonly used as a flame retardant in different electrical and textile applications. It is also used in the production of flame-retarded rubber compound. DecaBDE is the major technical polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) in use today and consists mainly of decabromodiphenyl ether(BDE209). PBDEs, including BDE-209, are well-known environmental pollut
5-Hydroxytryptamine has been suggested to be a mediator in peripheral cold-induced vasospasm. In order to investigate the contribution of different 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor subtypes in the contractile response during cooling, segments of subcutaneous hand veins obtained from 50 patients undergoing hand surgery were examined in vitro in organ baths. The temperature in the bath was initially 37
Objectives: To determine if tumor vascularity as assessed by three-dimensional (3D) power Doppler ultrasound can be used to discriminate between benign and malignant ovarian tumors, if adding 3D power Doppler ultrasound to gray-scale imaging improves differentiation between benignity and malignancy, and if 3D power Doppler ultrasound adds more to gray-scale ultrasound than does two-dimensional (2D
Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling består av ett introduktionskapitel, följt av tre kapitel i vilka individens betalningsvilja för att reducera väg- och personbildödsrisken skattas, baserat både på observerade och hypotetiska val. I kapitel 2 används den hedoniska regressionstekniken på den svenska personbilsmarknaden för att skatta värdet av trafiksäkerhet. Resultaten från studien visaThe thesis consists of an introductory chapter, followed by three chapters in which willingness to pay (WTP) for a reduction in car- and road-mortality risk is estimated using both revealed- and stated-preference methods. In chapter 2 the hedonic regression technique is used to estimate the value of traffic safety, using information from the Swedish market for automobiles. The results from the st
Using bird atlas data from south-central Sweden and information on survey effort for the corresponding 5 x 5 km grid squares, we assessed how much time is required to get reliable presence/absence data for forest birds. We restricted the analyses to a suite of 28 species considered common enough and sufficiently generalised in their requirements to be present in all survey squares largely dominate
This paper presents a first study of the pseudoscalar meson masses to two loops, or next-to-next-to-leading order, within the supersymmetric formulation of partially quenched chiral perturbation theory (PQchiPT). The expression for the pseudoscalar meson mass in the case of three valence and three sea quarks with equal masses, but different from each other, is given to O(p(6)), along with a numeri
Adherence to lifestyle modification and pharmacological treatment is of great importance in order to achieve maximum benefits of preventive measures after a cardiac event. Unfortunately, patients are neither adopting adequate lifestyle changes nor do they adhere to prescribed medication. Consequently, implementation of CHD guidelines is less than optimal in clinical practice. The general aim of th
Objective To investigate the prevalence of and factors associated with overactive bladder in middle-aged women. Design Cross sectional population-based study. Setting Southern Sweden and the Women's Health in the Lund Area study (WHILA 1995-2000) where 6917 (64% of the invited) women, 50-59 years old in 1995, participated. Population From the WHILA study, 1500 women reporting troublesome urinar
It is becoming increasingly clear that conditions experienced during embryonic development can be of major importance for traits subsequent to parturition or hatching. For example, in mammals, offspring from stressed mothers show a variety of changes in behavioural, morphological, and life-history traits. The effects of maternal stress on trait development are believed to be mediated via transfer
BACKGROUND: Epithelial cells form the mucosal barriers that prevent the entry of mucosal pathogens, and respond to bacterial infections by producing various host defense molecules. In this study, we examined the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) response of primary human renal tubular epithelial cells (HRTEC) following infection with uropathogenic Escherichia coli Hu734, or stimulation with l
Epidemiological studies have indicated a relationship between overweight and cardiovascular disease. The present investigation was undertaken to identify anthropometric variables in childhood which may reflect the risk of cardiovascular disease in terms of unfavourable changes in apolipoprotein and lipid concentrations. Twenty-nine obese 14-year-olds and 32 obese 12-year-olds were recruited from a
