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Infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is causally related to cervical, vulvar and vaginal pre-invasive neoplasias and cancers. Highly effective vaccines against HPV types 16/18 have been available since 2006, and are currently used in many countries in combination with cervical cancer screening to control the burden of cervical cancer. We estimated the overall and age-specific incide
Four tree species in Oregon (USA) were studied to examine physiological and structural responses to drought stress: ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) and western juniper (Juniperus occidentalis) in a semi-arid ecoregion, and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and white oak (Quercus garryana) in a mesic coastal ecoregion. This investigation compared the response of paired healthy and stressed (<10%
Talented employees are important for companies, and graduate programs are designed to internal educate talented students to make them a strong resource for the company. A problem is that trainees tend to leave the company after the program. This master thesis investigates how trainees become motivated, during and after the program, to retain within the company and where the perceived expectation g
The large-scale expansion of wind energy is an important element of the energy transition in Germany and a necessary tool to mitigate climate change. Yet, it is contested in many rural settings across the country. This thesis builds on the argument that rural areas are a crucial factor for the energy transition. They serve as the sites that host most of the infrastructure needed in the transition
Climate change as an environmental and social phenomenon exacerbates the increasing ecological strain on Earth. Therefore, a plethora of measures is needed to get onto a more sustainable track towards a low-carbon society. We need to act fast as we are approaching the point of no return. Many strategies to mitigate and stabilise the climate have been developed, one of them being low-carbon initiat
Palsa mires are typical wetland landscapes of the Arctic regions, consisting of mosaics of palsas (raised formations of peat and permafrost) and shallow ponds, all embedded in wet mires. These heterogeneous habitats support rich and abundant wader populations, which breed there during the short Arctic summer. Although being threatened by climate change, relatively little is known about the ecologi
The main objective of this study was to evaluate heavy metal contamination in volcanic and calcareous soils within Morocco’s semi-arid regions, focusing on the relationship between unique soil types and contamination dynamics. Using geographic information systems (GIS), statistical analyses, and several pollution indices, including the geoaccumulation index (Igeo), enrichment factor (EF), contamin
Objectives: Studies supporting therapeutic drug monitoring to biopharmaceuticals in SLE are scarce. We aimed to assess anti-drug antibody (ADA) occurrence in belimumab-treated SLE patients and associations between belimumab concentrations and clinical response, serological outcomes and adverse events. Methods. We included 100 patients treated with intravenous belimumab. Clinical data and biologica
Inverse associations of coffee and/or tea in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk have been consistently identified in studies conducted mostly in Asia where consumption patterns of such beverages differ from Europe. In the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition (EPIC), we identified 201 HCC cases among 486,799 men/women, after a median follow-up of 11 years. We ca
Two commonly used techniques for estimating the effect of genes on traits in wild populations are the candidate gene approach and quantitative genetic analyses. However, whether these two approaches measure the same underlying processes remains unresolved. Here, we use these two methods to test whether they are alternative or complementary approaches to understanding genetic variation in the timin
Many Streptococcus pyogenes immunoglobulin-binding proteins have structural similarities to the antiphagocytic M protein, including the well-known C repeats. One of these molecules is the immunoglobulin A-binding protein Arp, which is expressed by a serotype 4 strain for which no antiphagocytic M protein has yet been described. We expressed Arp4 in an S. pyogenes strain from which the structural g
Aim To investigate the distribution, and broad-scale geographical patterns, of variation, in the widespread boreo-nemoral woodland herb Carex digitata throughout its native European range. To interpret the revealed geographical pattern of variation in terms of glacial survival, post-glacial migration and inter-regional gene-flow. Location The whole of Europe divided into twenty-five geographical r
Background: The role of prophylactic factor VIII (FVIII) to decrease hemophilic bleeding and arthropathy is well established. The rationale for this strategy is to convert patients with severe hemophilia A to a moderate clinical phenotype by reducing time spent with a FVIII level < 1 IU dL(-1). Studies to date, however, have not demonstrated a strong link between FVIII level and the bleeding rate.
BACKGROUND: Because hemodilution decreases the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood, it was hypothesized that severe hemodilution would decrease the tolerance to alveolar hypoxia. METHODS: Hemodynamics, oxygen transport, and blood lactate concentrations were compared in ten pigs with normal hematocrit (33 +/- 4%), and ten hemodiluted pigs (hematocrit 11 +/- 1%; mean +/- SD) anesthetized with ketamine
Southern Sweden has long been exposed to an increasing atmospheric nitrogen deposition. We investigated the effects of this supply on the Sphagnum mire vegetation in SW Gotaland by comparing above-ground tissue concentrations of N and P and biomass variables in five vascular plant and two Sphagnum species collected during three periods since 1955 at 81 sites representing three vegetation types, vi
Physical activity is regarded as an important component of a healthy lifestyle. Several social and environmental factors have systematically emerged as barriers to low leisure time physical activity (LTPA), for example, lack of money, low social support due to lack of supportive family or friends, and living in high crime rate areas. Low LTPA has been found to be strongly associated with low socio
