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The U.S. decision to partner with the Kurdish militia YPG to combat ISIS in Syria has caused its longstanding ally Turkey to align with Russia and Iran, and risks doing permanent damage to the NATO-alliance, ostensibly to the detriment of U.S. national interests. Taken at face value, this seems to contradict standard notions in neo-realist theory about state behavior. Given this seeming paradox, a

Inför en digitaliserad, global ekonomi, vari nära hälften av multinationella företagsvinster går obeskattade, står vi på randen till en ny ordning för gränsöverskridande företagsbeskattning. Med sin tvåpelarlösning söker OECD lägga de första byggstenarna. En internationell minimiskatt, att krävas ut från stora multinationella gruppers slutliga föräldrar, föreslås att mota baseroderande skatteplaneFacing a digitalized global economy, where almost half of multinational corporate profits go untaxed, we find ourselves on the verge of tax revolution. With its two-pillar solution, the OECD seeks to lay the first building blocks of a new system for cross-border corporate income taxation. To counter avoidance, states are presented with an international top up minimum tax, to be charged at multinat

We here describe the result of simulations of 15 generic neutron instruments for the long-pulsed European Spallation Source. All instruments have been simulated for 20 different settings of the source time structure, corresponding to pulse lengths between 1 ms and 2 ms; and repetition frequencies between 10 Hz and 25 Hz. The relative change in performance with time structure is given for each inst

Humans have more than doubled the amount of reactive nitrogen (Nr) added to the biosphere, yet most of what is known about its accumulation and ecological effects is derived from studies of heavily populated regions. Nitrogen (N) stable isotope ratios (N-15:N-14) in dated sediments from 25 remote Northern Hemisphere lakes show a coherent signal of an isotopically distinct source of N to ecosystems

We report the novel observation that engagement of beta 2 integrins on human neutrophils is accompanied by increased levels of the small GTPases Rap1 and Rap2 in a membrane-enriched fraction and a concomitant decrease of these proteins in a granule-enriched fraction. In parallel, we observed a similar time-dependent decrease of gelatinase B (a marker of specific and gelatinase B-containing granule

Work in rodents has demonstrated that progenitor transplantation can achieve limited photoreceptor replacement in the mammalian retina; however, replication of these findings on a clinically relevant scale requires a large animal model. To evaluate the ability of porcine retinal progenitor cells to survival as allografts and integrate into the host retinal architecture, we isolated donor cells fro

In most parts of preindustrial Europe, road transport was a crucial part of rural life as it linked the agricultural producers with urban markets. This study focuses on the development of road transport during the agricultural transformation in order to understand its importance in agricultural change. Scania, in southern Sweden, provides the possibility of examining the basic patterns in the road

In high-risk pregnancies, the transport of oxygen and nutrients from maternal to fetal blood via the placenta is often impaired. To assess the risk, pulsed Doppler ultrasound (US) is used to evaluate the flow velocity waveform in the umbilical artery with the pulsatility index (PI), which is derived from the velocity envelope of the Doppler power spectrum. However, simply listening to the Doppler

The Intermediate Data Structure (IDS) is a standardised database structure for longitudinal historical databases. Such a common structure facilitates data sharing and comparative research. In this study, we propose an extended version of IDS, named IDS-Geo, that also includes geographic data. The geographic data that will be stored in IDS-Geo are primarily buildings and/or property units, and the

Creativity is a multifaceted construct that can be studied through multiple perspectives and in different environments. The study investigated how individuals’ descriptions of a creative person at work, and the description of their own creativity at work could relate to, or predict their measured creativity. Participants (N=245) were divided into two groups based on different job-related pre-scree

Is the management of Type 1 Diabetes best left to the medical sciences, or do the social sciences have a stake as well? In ‘Sweet Blood Surveillance,’ I push back against the perceived domination of scientific objectivity to make space for the subjective experience of diabetes in the maintenance of glucose levels through a collaboration with medical technical objects. To accomplish my task, I crea

This thesis explores the motivations of online users to avoid online advertising by employing ad blockers. Ad blocker is the filtering technology that blocks online advertising from appearing. Four motives have been identified: privacy concerns, annoying advertisements, browsing experience, and malvertising. The motives examined are aiming to reveal the importance of each one of them in the blocki

The purpose of this paper is through an empirical approach understand the dynamics of VIX and investigate to what degree the benchmark computed by CBOE is representative of its definition. The method implemented is of a design where one constructs a hypothetical world in which synthetic options data are produced by the Bates-Heston model. This implies an underlying and known volatility with chosen

We show that an unsupervised artificial neural network can be trained to parameterize the set of N representable density matrices well enough to enable ground state energy calculations. A one-dimensional harmonic oscillator system is used to test the method. 4, 5, or 6 fermions are placed in an external potential. They interact with one of three different interaction types. By choosing the most su

This thesis is about the limiting eigenvalue distribution of n × n Toeplitz matrices as n → ∞. The two classical questions we want to answer are: what is the limit set of the eigenvalues, and what is the limiting distribution of the eigenvalues. Our main result is a new approach to calculate the limit set Λ(b) for a Laurent polynomial b, i.e. for banded Toeplitz matrices. The approach is geometric

As the environmental and social challenges humanity faces are intertwined, a holistic policy approach is needed to bring operations into the ecologically safe and socially just space (SJS). Degrowth has been presented as a means for high-income countries to reach the SJS. In this thesis I use a mixed methods approach of statistical analysis to identify the gaps that OECD countries face when it com