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Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) most commonly affects individuals in their early forties but can occur at any age. In most instances,the initial treatment is non-surgical and a clear majority of the patients recover with this management. Surgical treatment isgenerally an option first after 6-8 weeks of non-surgical management with unsuccessful outcome in terms of pain, disability andquality of life.
En majoritet av de nordliga torvmarkerna utvecklades under holocen som ett resultat av en positiv massbalans mellan nettoprimärproduktion och heterotrofa nedbrytningshastigheter. Sedan dess har de lagrat stora mängder kol i terrestra ekosystem. En betydande del av dessa områden sammanfaller också med regioner med underliggande permafrost och uppvisar olika ackumulationsmönster av torv. Således, föThe majority of the northern peatlands developed during the Holocene as a result of a positive mass balance between net primary productivity (NPP) and heterotrophic decomposition rates. Over that time they have sequestered a huge amount of carbon in terrestrial ecosystems. A significant proportion of these areas also coincides with areas underlain with permafrost and shows a diverse range of peat
The core feature of vascular ageing is the age-associated stiffening of the large, elastic arteries, or arteriosclerosis. This results in a diminished volume-buffering function and is therefore central for the increase in systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure seen with advancing age. Since there are considerable individual differences regarding the rate of vascular ageing, the aim was to desc
Atmosfäriska partiklar (aerosoler) finns överallt i jordens atmosfär. Masskoncentrationen av dessa varierar kraftigt beroende på i vilken miljö man mäter. I stadsluft kan man uppmäta tiotals mikrogram per kubikmeter medan man i arktiska områden uppmäter nanogram per kubikmeter. Den kolhaltiga aerosolen utgör en betydande del av atmosfärsaerosolens massa och är känd för att påverka människors och dCarbonaceous aerosols are known to affect human health negatively and to affect the climate of Earth. As specific types of aerosols originate from specific sources, it is important to know the amount of aerosols emitted from each source. Aerosol source apportionment is an important tool in mitigating air pollution and improving air quality. The subject of this thesis was the evaluation and develop
Improved understanding of the disease mechanisms underlying type 2 diabetes (T2D) is needed, and so are new treatments.A new T2D risk variant was recently identified in ADRA2A, which encodes the α2A-adrenergic receptor. The risk allele leads to receptor overexpression in β-cells that causes increased adrenergic signaling and impaired insulin secretion. We showed that the α2A-adrenergic receptor an
BACKGROUND: Food biodiversity, encompassing the variety of plants, animals, and other organisms consumed as food and drink, has intrinsic potential to underpin diverse, nutritious diets and improve Earth system resilience. Dietary species richness (DSR), which is recommended as a crosscutting measure of food biodiversity, has been positively associated with the micronutrient adequacy of diets in w
Stratagems adopted by democratic leaders to try to insinuate, or anchor, a preferred course of action into the larger collective will have a variety of repercussions. Beyond the apparent success of the venture itself, the long-term integrity of the democratic fabric may be at stake if simmering rancour and discontent is left unheeded. These questions would seem particularly pertinent when studyi
In all works on medieval Iceland, we meet the same narrative of the conversion of Iceland to Christianity, which is supposed to have taken place in the year 999 or 1000 AD. But how does this narrative stand the trial of source criticism? Radical source criticism was introduced in Nordic historiography when Lauritz Weibull published his Critical Studies in Nordic History Around the Year 1000 in 191
In this report a generic model for the capture and assessment of end-user requirements and needs, the CREDIT carpenter model, has been developed. The main determinants of the model is the need for the project organisation (including the facilities management organisation) to ensure a thorough understanding of the end-user requirements and needs as well as an assessment through out the project proc
The EU governance of food safety and GM food and feed has gone through significant changes since the BSE crisis and food scares during the 1990s. This work focuses on one particular new feature; the role of stakeholders representing the food chain: biotech associations, farmer organizations, food and feed processors, consumer organizations and environmental NGOs. These stakeholders are not merely
The first chapter develops a theoretical model of marriage and divorce. The model has two periods and assumes Pareto efficient time allocations. There is a risk of divorce in the second period, which is modeled as exogenously given. The second chapter utilizes the model developed in the previous chapter to analyze the equality between married men and women. Equality is defined as the spouses' rel
Coronary artery diseases (CAD) are main causes of morbidity and hospitalisation in western countries and CAD patients are at considerable risk of suffering further cardiac events. The development and evaluation of secondary prevention programmes therefore an important task. This thesis includes investigations on CAD patients admitted to a secondary prevention programme at Malmö University Hospital
This thesis consists of three empirical studies on asset-prices in international financial markets. The purpose is three-fold. First, to evaluate whether good predictions of economic variables may be obtained by pooling information from a broad group of financial variables. Second, to formulate asset-pricing models from seven established stock markets. Third, to evaluate the asset-pricing models i
The purpose of this socio-legal dissertation is to examine the role of the district court in the handling of custody disputes, from the standpoint of the child's best interest. More specifically, the focus is partly on the relationship between the family and society during district court proceedings, and partly on the relationship between civil law and public law procedure that is to say between t
Abstract in Undetermined To improve our knowledge of climate change and its impacts on ecosystem services, and to inform local people and governments that need assistance with the development of mitigation and adaptation strategies, climate impacts need to be understood urgently at the smaller scale. On one hand, the microclimate/topoclimate is known to be strongly decoupled from the general macro
Poverty and to fight poverty is certainly on top of the EU agenda and especially in the wake of the economic and financial crisis that has struck many European Member States. Poverty is a central element of the newly initiated EU2020 strategy and the EU´s ambition is to seek to lift at least 20 Million people out of poverty and social exclusion to the year 2020. This report has addressed the follo
