IMPORTANCE The positron emission tomography (PET) tracer [18F]flortaucipir allows in vivo quantification of paired helical filament tau, a core neuropathological feature of Alzheimer disease (AD), but its diagnostic utility is unclear. OBJECTIVE To examine the discriminative accuracy of [18F]flortaucipir for AD vs non-AD neurodegenerative disorders. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In this cross-

Parkinsons sjukdom (PS) är den näst vanligaste neurodegenerativa sjukdomen efter Alzheimers sjukdom och drabbar över 1 % av personer över 65 år. Även om denna progressiva och försvagande sjukdom brukar anses vara en motorsjukdom, med symtom som stelhet, långsamma rörelser och vilotremor, så påverkas också icke-motoriska funktioner som sömn, kognition och mag-tarmfunktion. Dessa symtom förekommer vParkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder and affects over 1% of people above the age of 65. This progressive and debilitating disease is usually thought of as a motor disease, with symptoms such as muscle rigidity, slowness of movement, and tremor at rest.PD can be familial, where a single inherited gene mutation causes the disease, but most cases of PD (90%) a

Background: The pathological process in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) probably starts decades before the onset of symptoms and the clinical AD diagnosis. In patients with AD, the level of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid-β1-42 (Aβ42) is usually lower, and the levels of total tau (T-tau) and phosphorylated tau (P-tau) higher than in healthy elderly people. However, the cutoffs differ between studies an

I have briefly outlined different levels of scale in the discussion of centre–periphery, from a local to a more global perspective. I have tried to show that the concepts of centre and periphery cannot be applied without qualification. Different realities are concealed behind them. The common factor is nevertheless that they signal some kind of contacts, in the form of giving and taking, of power,

Lunds universitet fick i uppdrag av Kemikalieinspektionen att kartlägga och beskriva ansatser till metoder som bedömer indirekta effekter av växtskyddsmedel på individer och populationer och studier som utvärderar om nuvarande riskbedömningsmetoder är tillräckliga för att bedöma direkta effekter av växtskyddsmedel på biologisk mångfald. Uppdraget utfördes i två delar. För det första inventerade vi

Graves’ disease (GD) is an autoimmune disease characterized by hyperthyroidism and is caused by an interplayof genetic and environmental factors. One-third of patients with GD develop Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO). Keyprocesses in the pathogenesis of GO are inflammation and adipogenesis in orbital tissue. Strong risk factorsassociated with the development of GO are smoking and radioiodine treatment

Boreal forests and peatlands are globally significant carbon stores but they are threatened by rising air temperatures and changes in precipitation regimes and the frequency of natural disturbances. Predicting how the boreal biome will respond to climate change depends on being able to accurately model and upscale the greenhouse gas fluxes between these ecosystems and the atmosphere. This thesis f

Background: Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and intravascular ultrasound are promising imaging modalities to identify non-obstructive plaques likely to cause coronary-related events. We aimed to assess whether combined NIRS and intravascular ultrasound can identify high-risk plaques and patients that are at risk for future major adverse cardiac events (MACEs). Methods: PROSPECT II is an investig

Bergskedjor är uppbyggda av olika slags berggrund som skjutits samman i de zoner på Jorden där tektoniska plattor möts (konvergerar). Sådana processer sker i dag exempelvis i Himalaya, Alperna eller Anderna, men det finns också gamla, nu inaktiva, bergskedjor som de Skandinaviska Kaledoniderna (ca 400 miljoner år gammal) eller den Svekonorvegiska bergskedjan (ca 1000 miljoner år gammal, i sydvästr

Compression ignited engines generally have higher efficiency than spark ignition engines. However, the most common combustion concept in compression ignited engines, conventional diesel combustion, struggles with high levels of particulate matter and NOx emissions. Therefore, new combustion strategies are used in compression ignited engines to reduce engine-out particulate matter and NOx emissions

The EU governance of food safety and GM food and feed has gone through significant changes since the BSE crisis and food scares during the 1990s. This work focuses on one particular new feature; the role of stakeholders representing the food chain: biotech associations, farmer organizations, food and feed processors, consumer organizations and environmental NGOs. These stakeholders are not merely

Atmosfäriska partiklar (aerosoler) finns överallt i jordens atmosfär. Masskoncentrationen av dessa varierar kraftigt beroende på i vilken miljö man mäter. I stadsluft kan man uppmäta tiotals mikrogram per kubikmeter medan man i arktiska områden uppmäter nanogram per kubikmeter. Den kolhaltiga aerosolen utgör en betydande del av atmosfärsaerosolens massa och är känd för att påverka människors och dCarbonaceous aerosols are known to affect human health negatively and to affect the climate of Earth. As specific types of aerosols originate from specific sources, it is important to know the amount of aerosols emitted from each source. Aerosol source apportionment is an important tool in mitigating air pollution and improving air quality. The subject of this thesis was the evaluation and develop

In this report a generic model for the capture and assessment of end-user requirements and needs, the CREDIT carpenter model, has been developed. The main determinants of the model is the need for the project organisation (including the facilities management organisation) to ensure a thorough understanding of the end-user requirements and needs as well as an assessment through out the project proc

Artificial outdoor lighting for pedestrians should provide for a safe and secure outdoor environment after dark. Pedestrian lighting thereby has implications for active transportation and sustainable mobility. Installations of new energy efficient lighting applications should be evaluated in terms of pedestrian’s perception, evaluation and behaviour in the lit environment. Today there is a lack of

Endocrine disorders that lead to a state of chronic high blood glucose levels are collectively referred to as diabetes. This metabolic disease is mainly categorized into type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). These diabetic forms originate from distinct triggering environmental, genetic, and altered mechanisms. T2D is a consequence of metabolic load, peripheral insulin resistance, and failure of

Lung cancer is a common cancer type associated with poor prognosis. Even in the group of patients with earlystage tumors, for which curative treatment is possible, lung cancer recurrence is frequent. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the potential prognostic role of mutations in tumor specimens, blood-based proteins and circulating tumor DNA.In study I, we performed EGFR mutation detection

Windmill structures must withstand very high horizontal loading giving an extremely large overturning moment on the foundation. These structures have very low stability loads in comparison to the overturning loads. The traditional way to solve the construction problem uses a shallow foundation with a massive concrete volume or a piled foundation to resist the extreme overturning moment. This work

Hallmarks of type 2 diabetes (T2D) include elevated blood glucose and free fatty acids (FFAs) as a result of impaired β cell insulin secretion and decreased β cell mass. The glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in β cells is triggered by depolarization-evoked Ca2+ entry through voltage-gated Ca2+ (CaV) channels. The majority of CaV channels are believed to reside in cholesterol-rich membran