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INTRODUCTION: Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a key regulator of calcium metabolism. Parathyroid hormone-like hormone (PTHrP) contributes to skeletal development through regulation of chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation during early bone growth. Both PTH and PTHrP act through the same receptor (PTHR1). A second receptor, PTHR2, has been identified although its function is comparatively unkn

BACKGROUND: It is widely believed that cancer can be prevented by high intake of fruits and vegetables. However, inconsistent results from many studies have not been able to conclusively establish an inverse association between fruit and vegetable intake and overall cancer risk. METHODS: We conducted a prospective analysis of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)

Objective. To describe the change of pain reports over time in 3 cohorts derived from the general population: (1) no chronic pain (NCP, n = 1156); (2) chronic regional pain (CRP n = 502) and (3) chronic widespread pain (CWP; n = 242). To identify risk factors that predict the development or persistence of chronic widespread pain. Methods. A 3-year followup from 1995 to 1998 with postal questionnai

Objective To evaluate a calibration method for disk diffusion antibiotic susceptibility tests, using zone diameter values generated in the individual laboratory as the internal calibrator for combinations of antibiotic and bacterial species. Methods The high-zone side of zone histogram distributions was first analyzed by moving averages to determine the peak position of the susceptible population

BACKGROUND. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a prostate carcinoma screening program in which serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels were measured. METHODS. From a group of 20,000 men born between January 1, 1930, and December 31, 1944, 10,000 men were randomized into a screening group and 10,000 were randomized into a control group. Patients in the screen

The ability to understand and communicate about the actions of others is a fundamental aspect of our daily activity. How can we talk about what others are doing? What qualities do different actions have such that they cause us to see them as being different or similar? What is the connection between what we see and the development of concepts and words or expressions for the things that we see? To

Hagopian WA, Erlich H, Lernmark Å, Rewers M, Ziegler AG, Simell O, Akolkar B, Vogt Jr R, Blair A, Ilonen J, Krischer J, She J, and the TEDDY Study Group. The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY): genetic criteria and international diabetes risk screening of 421 000 infants. Aims: The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study seeks to identify environm

Purpose: alpha-Melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH; Fluka Chemie AG, Geneva, Switzerland) and oxytocin induce erection in rats after intracerebroventricular administration. We studied possible interactions of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone with mechanisms pertaining to oxytocin or nitric oxide. Materials and Methods: We used 78 anesthetized male Sprague-Dawley rats. Catheters were impl

This licentiate thesis builds on an interest in scholarly communication and social networks within in library and information science, in particular in the area of information seeking and use. The specific purpose is to create a scientifically founded understanding of how the interaction of caring scientists in social networks contributes to the scientists sense-making in their research practice.

Under the Leonardo da Vinci – Lifelong Learning Programme (LLP) – there is a sub-programme, Transfer of Innovation (ToI). ToI is funding projects which further develop previous project outcomes. This paper deals with a new pilot project under ToI, eGIS+, which has received funding for two years (2007 – 2009). eGIS+ further develop a previous pilot project, E-GIS (European Level Developments of Fle

Uppsatsen kommer att redogöra för fotbollstränarens arbetsrättsliga ställning. Syftet med texten är att redogöra för hur det rättsliga skyddet ser ut inför, under och vid avslutandet av en anställning av en tränare men även att avslutningsvis se om det ibland otydliga skyddet kan rättfärdigas. Uppsatsen är därför disponerad på ett sätt som först beskriver idrottens och fotbollens normsystem och hu

Till skolan kommer elever med olika förutsättningar för sitt lärande. För en del elever är den ordinarie undervisningen inte tillräcklig för att nå uppsatta läromål. Inom den s.k. särskilda elevstödjande verksamheten kan skolan vidta åtgärder för elever som är i behov av extra stöd i lärandet. Inom sådan verksamhet kan uppgifter vara av allt ifrån integritetskänslig till harmlös karaktär. OffentStudents come to school with different settings for their learning. For some students the regular teaching is not sufficient to achieve the set learning goals. In the so-called special student support activities (Sw. särskild elevstödjande verksamhet), the school can take action for students who are in need of extra support in their learning. Within such activities, data can range from sensitive t

Bilateral clinical breast carcinoma has been reported to appear in up to approximately 10% of patients with breast carcinoma. Increasing diagnostic activity has raised figures of bilaterality, mainly due to detection of lesions of the in situ type. Knowledge of the natural history of carcinoma in situ is incomplete and clinical implications are uncertain. In the present study bilateral lesions wer

Previous studies on metabolic factors and bladder cancer (BC) risk have shown inconsistent results and have commonly not investigated associations separately by sex, smoking, and tumor invasiveness. Among 811,633 participants in six European cohorts, we investigated sex-specific associations between body mass index (BMI), mid-blood pressure (BP, [systolic + diastolic]/2), plasma glucose, triglycer

Background: Diabetes is a risk factor for cognitive impairment, but whether there is also a link between pre-diabetes and cognitive dysfunction is not yet fully established. The aim of this observational study was to investigate associations between pre-diabetes/diabetes and cognitive test results, and also between glucose levels measured during the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and cognitive

Huvudansvaret för barns fostran och vårdnad ligger hos föräldrarna. Trots detta så har samhället en skyldighet att träda in då en förälder inte kan full-följa sin vårdnadsplikt. Detta ansvar återfinns i den sociala barnavården. Mycket har hänt inom den sociala barnavården det senaste århundradet, delvis på grund av en förändrad syn på barn och inte minst har Förenta nationernas konvention om barneThe main responsibility for the child's upbringing and custody lies in the hands of the parents. However, society has an obligation to step in when the parents can´t fulfill their duty of care. This responsibility is called the child welfare. Much has happened in the area of child welfare during the last century, partly because of a changed view of the child, but also because the United Nation