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Objective To explore the attitudes of obstetricians to performe a caesarean section on maternal request in the absence of medical indication. Design Cluster sampling cross-sectional survey. Setting Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) associated maternity units in eight European countries. Population Obstetricians with at least 6 months clinical experience. Methods NICU-associated maternity units w
OPENLAND3 belongs to a suite of computer programs included in the POLLSCAPE simulation model. These programs make it possible to calculate estimates of pollen loadings in lake basins or bogs using vegetation data. OPENLAND3, written in Visual Basic 6, is designed to produce appropriate vegetation data files from vegetation maps stored in a Geographical Information System. It calculates percentage
By providing nest boxes, previous studies have shown that nest sites are in short supply and limit the populations of several small passerines, including the Great Tit Parus major, the Blue Tit P. caeruleus, and the Pied Flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca. Can this influence their distribution over a range of small woodland patch sizes in a heterogeneous landscape? To investigate this, a study was cond
Background: Existing studies of solid cancers in rheumatoid arthritis ( RA) reflect cancer morbidity up until the early 1990s in prevalent cohorts admitted to hospital during the 1980s. Objective: To depict the cancer pattern of contemporary patients with RA, from updated risk data from prevalent and incident RA populations. To understand the risk of solid cancer after tumour necrosis factor (TNF)
Objectives: Randomized controlled trials are currently conducted to assess whether the mortality from prostate cancer is reduced by early detection with the use of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) measurements in serum. To be effective, such a program should be able to reduce the absolute number of men diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer (for which no cure is available). The aim of the presen
Background: Low adherence is a key factor in explaining impaired effectiveness and efficiency in the pharmacological treatment of hypertension. However, little is known about which factors determine low adherence in actual practice. The purpose of this study is to examine whether low social participation is associated with low adherence with antihypertensive medication, and if this association is
Objectives To ascertain whether the risk for congenital malformations is increased in pregnancies with deviating fetal growth, i.e. in those in which the estimated date of delivery (EDD) was postponed more than 1 week at the second- trimester ultrasound fetometry scan, or those suspected of intrauterine growth restriction at routine ultrasound fetometry in the third trimester. Methods The study pe
Background The study was designed to evaluate the analgesic effect and possible adverse effects of acupuncture for pelvic and low-back pain during the last trimester of pregnancy. Methods Following individual informed consent, 72 pregnant women reporting pelvic or low-back pain were randomized during pregnancy weeks 24-37 to an acupuncture group (n = 37) or to a control group (n = 35) at three mat
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In small trials with control groups that receive no intervention, acupuncture has been reported to improve functional outcome after stroke. We studied effects of acupuncture and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on functional outcome and quality of life after stroke versus a control group that received subliminal electrostimulation. METHODS: In a multicenter rando
Repeated resistivity measurement is a potentially powerful method for monitoring development of internal erosion and anomalous seepage in earth embankment dams. This study is part of a project to improve current longterm monitoring routines and data interpretation and increasing the understanding when interpreting existing data. This is accomplished by modeling various occurrences typical of emban
