Sverige införde den 1 januari 2007 dokumentationskrav av multinationella företags internprissättning. Internprissättningsproblematiken hade uppmärksammats internationellt och många stater hade redan infört dokumentationskrav i sina lagstiftningar. Danmark hade nio år tidigare infört krav om dokumentation. Denna uppsats kommer således behandla de svenska och danska dokumentationskraven. Syftet är a

Uppsatsens syfte var att med en socialkonstruktivistisk ansats belysa framställningen av brottsoffer i nutida svensk press. Det empiriska materialet bestod av utvalda artiklar från svensk press under februari månad år 2012. Med kvalitativ metod analyserades hur brottsoffer framställs i svensk press idag och varför framställningar av brottsoffer görs på ett visst sätt. Förekomsten av beskrivningar

Flertalet näringsidkare är i behov av krediter när verksamheten skall startas upp eller större investeringar skall göras. Borgenären kräver här inte sällan en säkerhet för sin fordran. Huvudregeln är att handpanträtter skall traderas till borgenären. Ett problem uppstår således i de fall då näringsidkaren behöver nyttja alla sina tillgångar i den löpande verksamheten. Av denna anledning finns det The vast majority of businessmen and manufacturers are not seldom in need of credits when starting up a new business, or when making larger investments. The creditor, usually a bank, commonly requires securities for debts. A problem occurs when a debtor needs to have access to all his assets in the ongoing business. He is therefore not able to transfer the assets that constitute the security. A so

Cancer is one of the main causes of death in the world, particularly in developing countries and is considered as a major public health problem. Radiation therapy has been an important modality for treatment of cancer for many decades. It can be used as a sole treatment modality or in combination with for example surgery, chemotherapy, hormone therapy and/or immune therapy. It has been calculated

This essay examines how different levels of employment protection can affect labour demand for workers with different characteristics. This issue is analysed theoretically utilising the theory of fixed costs of labour and insider-outsider theory. The main conclusion from this analysis is that strict employment protection can be expected to have a disproportionately negative impact on the demand fo

Hur och i vilken omfattning högre lärosäten (universitet och högskolor) i Sverige samverkar med samhället har debatterats i media såväl som i forskningen. Denna artikel belyser den formaliseringsprocess som skett i kölvattnet av nya regleringar och politiska krav på samverkan. I studien analyseras officiella dokument och intervjuer med universitetsanställda vid två svenska lärosäten. Analysen foku

Biotechnological processes offer environmentally friendly and sometimes cost-effective alternatives to traditional chemical and mechanical methods. It is important to take advantages of the opportunities these processes provide to fulfil the demands and expectations of a future environmentally sustainable society. This work exploits the possibilities of applying biotechnological methods to allow r

Hepatitis B virus is a non-cytopathic virus with a small, circular, partially double-stranded DNA of 3.2 kb. It causes acute and chronic inflammatory liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Retesting of stored sera from an outbreak of acute hepatitis in 1969-72 allowed identification of 126 cases of acute hepatitis B. No chronic carriers expressing hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) cou

The ability of many pathogenic microorganisms to cause infection is dependent on their ability to evade attack by the complement system of the host. One mechanism by which microorganisms may avoid complement attack is to bind complement inhibitory molecules present in the host. This thesis describes studies of the complement inhibitor C4BP and of inter-actions between C4BP and the human pathogen

Seasonal Affective Disorder with depressive episodes during the autumn/winter seasons (winter depression) is common. Outpatients with winter depression were studied regarding temperament, psychopathology, social characteristics, psychosocial functioning and the neuropeptides corticotropin - releasing hormone (CRH) and neuropeptide Y (NPY), which are known to be involved in stress-regulation. The t

T cell activation requires the combination of antigen in the context of MHC and costimulatory molecules to induce a functional immune response. For our studies, we primarily utilized superantigens (SAg) that bind MHC class II molecules as first signal. Mutations in the SAg MHC class II a-chain binding site reduced the number of responding T cells expressing particular TCR Vb chains, whereas mutati

Liver is the most common site of dissemination in colorectal cancer, and untreated liver metastases are associated with a poor prognosis. The main reason for trying to detect liver metastases early is that liver resection offers a chance for cure in selected patients. The sensitivity of alkaline phosphatases (ALP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), computed tomography (CT), CT with arterial contrast

Levels of ultraviolet-B (UV-B, 280-320 nm) radiation reaching the Earth´s surface increase due to stratospheric ozone depletion. In this thesis the effect of enhanced UV-B radiation was studied on the atrazine-tolerant mutant Stallion, susceptible to photoinhibition, and the atrazine-sensitive cultivar Paroll of Brassica napus (oilseed rape). Photosynthetic parameters were studied with chlorophyll