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Grouping of genes into clusters according to their expression levels is important for deriving biological information, e.g., on gene functions based on microarray and other related analyses. The paper introduces the selection of the number of clusters based on the minimum description length (MDL) principle for the selection of the number of clusters in gene expression data. The main feature of the
Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other dementias currently represent the fifth most common cause of death in the world, according to the World Health Organization, with a projected future increase as the proportion of the elderly in the population is growing. Air pollution has emerged as a plausible risk factor for AD, but studies estimating dementia cases attributable to exposure to fine
Preparative chromatography is an important process step for separation and purification of fine chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and other biotechnical products. The technique mainly used in the pharmaceutical and fine chemistry industries is single-column batch chromatography (BC). The major drawback of BC is the trade-off between product purity and process performance. A high purity of the product co
Abstract Resurs Bank provides various online services to retail stores. Accessing the services require authentication. The retail employee privileges are managed through a web application by administrators at Resurs Bank. The application needs improvement since it is lacking in functionality. Among other issues, the administrator is not given any feedback when making changes which lead to insecuri
Denna rapport redogör för design och utveckling av ett medicintekniskt instrument för diagnos av kronisk obstruktiv lungsjukdom (KOL) eller emfysem. Arbetet utgår ifrån en ny diagnosmetod och ett instrument i form av en funktionell prototyp som används för att testa den nya diagnosmetoden. Med utgångspunkt i den funktionella prototypen har arbetet fokuserats kring att förstå vilka problem och utmThis thesis presents design and development of a medical device for diagnosis of emphysema or COPD by controlled lung deposition of nanoparticles. After purging the lungs with particle free air the subject inhales a controlled aerosol mixture and holds his breath for a determined period of time, before exhaling. The degree of lung disease is calculated by measuring and comparing the concentration
Internet är ett stort globalt nätverk som fortsätter växa i komplexitet med nya tekniker och protokoll som utvidgar dess användbarhet och sättet vi sprider information. Trender, nyheter, videor och annan information sprider sig snabbt över världen vilket gör Internet till ett fantastiskt redskap för de användare som prenumererar på rätt informationsströmmar eller nyheter. Webläsare är en nödvändInternet is a vast digital network. Evergrowing in its complexity with frequent newly developed protocols extending the technology and changing the way we communicate and share information over the world. Trends, news, videos and other information spread quickly over the world, making web browsers an incredible tool for users who listen to the right feeds or news networks. Web browsers are a nec
The permanent magnet synchronous motor, PMSM, is an efficient electrical motor that has seen a greater prevalence in the automotive industry from the increasing demand for electrical vehicles. Managing the temperature of the permanent magnet rotor is important to optimize motor utilization and avoid hardware failures. Direct temperature measurements of the moving rotor with a sensor are, however,
Bumblebees are essential pollinators of wild and cultivated plants. They have experienced global declines over the last decades mainly due to habitat loss and fragmentation caused by agricultural intensification and land use changes. Haplodiploid hymenopterans with single-locus complementary sex determination (CSD), such as bees and bumblebees, are likely to experience partly different consequence
Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling handlar om kvinnor och ekonomisk förändring i Sverige under 1900-talet. Den centrala frågeställningen är hur kvinnors förändrade utbildning och arbetsmarknadsdeltagande har påverkat och samvarierat med fertilitet över tid. Även om många idag anser Sverige vara ett jämställt land där män och kvinnor har lika möjligheter, fortsätter traditionella könsrollThis book deals with women and socioeconomic change in twentieth century Sweden. The main focus is on how women’s education and labor force participation have affected fertility over time. Although many perceive Sweden as a country where men and women have equal opportunities, traditional gender roles continue to constrain male and female activities and opportunities. The gender division of labor
The Swedish electricity market was divided into four bidding areas on 2011.11.01. The division gave implications to the trade of electricity in the spot market as well as the financial market. Four bidding areas create smaller markets and coupled with an unbalance of production and consumption in the areas, the liquidity on contracts for area price risk management has decreased drastically. This e
Popular science Domestic energy consumption depends on the weather conditions, how energy efficient a building is and the price of fuel. There is a direct relationship between domestic energy consumption and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions with an increase in energy use resulting in an increase in emissions. Domestic energy consumption and CO2 emissions are closely related to a number of factors in
Seagrasses are important components of marine ecosystem. They are a primary food source for many organisms and provide shelter and nursery areas for many more. Also they stabilize sediments and act as a natural barrier against coastal erosion. But despite their valuable rule, Seagrasses are facing large threats because of human development. The stresses caused by human activities like trawling and
Background: To stay strong and competitive in the business high productivity and low manufacturing cost are crucial. Kalmar Industries know that they have potential to accomplish better results if they engage all employees to cooperate. Due to the financial crisis other things have been prioritised and not enough Lean thinking exercised in the organisation. Through better understanding and clearer
Warehouse management is the science of optimizing warehouse activity with the intention of reducing inventory holding costs and increasing material throughput. A warehouse management system (WMS) is an IT system used to support warehouse processes and ensure a smooth ow of material. The main objectives of the WMS are to keep track of inventory levels and distribute tasks to warehouse sta. The syst
This thesis employed several portable sensors on board an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and manned aircraft in order to test new methods of measuring vertical profiles of aerosol particles and contribute to knowledge of aerosol distributions in the atmosphere. More data in this area is required to improve atmospheric modelling and future climate scenarios. The handheld nanoparticle detector Partec
Uppsatsen behandlar det rättsliga läget i Sverige för användningen av AI-system vars syfte är att utföra ansiktsigenkänning. Polismyndighetens användning av tekniken står i centrum för analysen. Användningen möjliggörs av AI-förordningen som reglerar när aktörer får eller inte får använda olika typer av AI-system. I förordningen regleras bland annat situationer då en behörig myndighet som exempelvThis thesis examines the legal framework concerning AI systems for facial recognition. The main focus is on the Swedish Police Authority’s use of the technology. The AI Act is the main legal text governing AI systems and it regulates when different types of AI systems may be used. The AI Act includes regulation surrounding the use of AI systems for facial recognition by, for example, the Swedish P
Fragility fractures are a major health concern and accurate estimation of bone strength is important for fracture risk assessment. Finite element (FE) models can provide reliable estimates of femoral bone strength, but traditional approaches typically require three-dimensional imaging and computationally intensive model generation. Previous research has enabled reconstruction of subject-specific F
The photo-electro catalysis has emerged as efficient and sustainable degradation method for antibiotics, where metal oxide anode plays a critical role. Exploring novel preparation method for anodes catalysis to achieve larger active sites and diverse oxidants production can directly enhance the degradation performance. Therefore, in this work, a new urea precipitation method for anode formation wa
Background: As many countries seek to slow the spread of COVID-19 without reimposing national restrictions, it has become important to track the disease at a local level to identify areas in need of targeted intervention. Methods: In this prospective, observational study, we did modelling using longitudinal, self-reported data from users of the COVID Symptom Study app in England between March 24,
Diurnal rainfall variation plays an important role in the characterization of regional climate. Most existing research used predefined region boundaries to study the spatial differences of diurnal rainfall variation, which depends on experiential knowledge and is somewhat subjective. In this study, the k-means clustering algorithm was used to mine the spatial distribution of diurnal rainfall varia
