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Background: Relenza represents the first neuraminidase inhibitor (NI), a class of drugs that also includes the drug Tamiflu. Although heralded as breakthrough treatments in influenza, NI efficacy has remained highly controversial. A key unsettled question is why the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved more cautious efficacy statements in labelling than European regulators for both dBackgroundRelenza represents the first neuraminidase inhibitor (NI), a class of drugs that also includes the drug Tamiflu. Although heralded as breakthrough treatments in influenza, NI efficacy has remained highly controversial. A key unsettled question is why the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved more cautious efficacy statements in labelling than European regulators f

Quantitative perfusion MRI based on arterial spin labeling (ASL) is hampered by partial volume effects (PVEs), arising due to voxel signal cross-contamination between different compartments. To address this issue, several partial volume correction (PVC) methods have been presented. Most previous methods rely on segmentation of a high-resolution T1 -weighted morphological image volume that is coreg

The Siljan impact structure is the largest known impact structure in Europe, the result of a Late Devonian meteorite impact (380.9 +/- 4.6 Ma). It is outlined mainly by a ring of lakes and Palaeozoic sedimentary rocks of Ordovician to Devonian age. The Palaeozoic successions are generally poorly exposed, but often well preserved with clear stratigraphy. At some locations they are strongly tectonis

Objective. Hexaminolevulinate (HAL) is an optical imaging agent used with fluorescence cystoscopy (FC) for the detection of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Guidelines from the European Association of Urology (EAU) and a recent, more detailed European expert consensus statement agree that HAL-FC has a role in improving detection of NMIBC and provide recommendations on situations for its

Background: The genetic basis of lacunar stroke is poorly understood, with a single locus on 16q24 identified to date. We sought to identify novel associations and provide mechanistic insights into the disease. Methods: We did a pooled analysis of data from newly recruited patients with an MRI-confirmed diagnosis of lacunar stroke and existing genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Patients were

Background & Aims: Excess liver iron content is common and is linked to the risk of hepatic and extrahepatic diseases. We aimed to identify genetic variants influencing liver iron content and use genetics to understand its link to other traits and diseases. Methods: First, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in 8,289 individuals from UK Biobank, whose liver iron level had been

Abstract in UndeterminedRoot cause analysis (RCA) is a structured investigation of a problem to detect the causes that need to be prevented. We applied ARCA, an RCA method, to target problems of four medium-sized software companies and collected 648 causes of software engineering problems. Thereafter, we applied grounded theory to the causes to study their types and related process areas. We detec

Infectious diseases are one of the leading causes of mortality in the world. Severe infections can manifest in many ways, creating a heterogeneous clinical and molecular disease landscape that renders these diseases difficult to research, diagnose, and treat. To investigate the molecular mechanisms of infectious disease, we apply mass spectrometry-based proteomics to analyze blood plasma samples f

There is limited knowledge on the effect of seasonal flooding on health over time.We quantified the short- and long-term effects of floods on selected health indicators at publichealthcare facilities in 11 districts in Cambodia, a flood-prone setting. Counts of inpatient dischargediagnoses and outpatient consultations for diarrhea, acute respiratory infections, skin infections,injuries, noncommuni

This paper examines astrology, a concept that is considered unscientific by broad segments of the population in the western world. Despite this, astrology remains for some an important source for advice regarding choices in a range of different matters, including career and relationships. The continuing popularity of astrology may at least partly be linked to an insufficient body of empirical rese

Human gut microbiome plays significant role in maintaining health and homeostasis of the host immune system by modulating immune metabolism, metabolic functions and acting as a barrier against pathogens. Therefore, characterizing the gut microbiome is vital for understanding its role in cancer as several studies have leveraged the strong correlation between gut microbiome dysbiosis and various typ

The solute exclusion technique (SET) is often used to characterise the nano-porous structure of water-swollen cell walls. SET is based on the immersion of water-saturated wood samples in solutions of probe molecules of known size. Based on determined concentration differences in the solution before and after immersion, the accessible water within the wood is determined for each probe. However, thi

Aim: To investigate the fees charged by Swedish dentists for root fillings, coronal restorations and further dental interventions during a follow-up period of 5–6 years. Methodology: A total of 248 299 root fillings were linked with the tooth, the patient and the provider and entered into the Swedish Social Insurance Agency register in 2009. The data register also recorded the subsidy-based (sched

The main objective for this article is to explore how users of psychoactive drugs experience time and the role psychoactive drugs play in the management and construction of time. The data in this study consists of different kinds of written documents such as anecdotal accounts and scientific articles and reports which was collected using a purposeful sampling technique. One important result is tha

We present the data from the Insect Biome Atlas project (IBA), characterizing the terrestrial arthropod faunas of Sweden and Madagascar. Over 12 months, Malaise trap samples were collected weekly (biweekly or monthly in the winter, when feasible) at 203 locations within 100 sites in Sweden and weekly at 50 locations within 33 sites in Madagascar; this was complemented by soil and litter samples fr

The Protein Ensemble Database (PED) (https://proteinensemble.org), which holds structural ensembles of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs), has been significantly updated and upgraded since its last release in 2016. The new version, PED 4.0, has been completely redesigned and reimplemented with cutting-edge technology and now holds about six times more data (162 versus 24 entries and 242 vers

Background: Low-risk limits recommended for alcohol consumption vary substantially across different national guidelines. To define thresholds associated with lowest risk for all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease, we studied individual-participant data from 599 912 current drinkers without previous cardiovascular disease. Methods: We did a combined analysis of individual-participant data f

Bookkeeping and accounting is a prevalent feature of small organizations, which has changed face quite substantially with the advent of personal computers and, later, the Internet. The emergence of digitalized accounting procedures has taken place in a nexus of different types of actors (e.g., software developers, accountancy firms and the businesses themselves), regulatory frameworks (e.g., bookk