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Det första syftet är att identifiera de rättsliga konsekvenserna avseende genomförandeförbudet enligt artikel 108.3 FEUF när det förfarande som föreskrivs i artikel 108 FEUF har följts, och medlemsstaten i enlighet därmed har genomfört åtgärden, när ett positivt godkännandebeslut från Europeiska kommissionen därefter ogiltigförklaras av EU-domstolarna. Uppsatsen drar slutsatsen att EU-domstolarnasThis thesis examines the intersection of EU procedural law and EU State aid law, focusing on the systemic friction between the enforcement of the Standstill obligation and the principles of legal certainty and the protection of legitimate expectations. The first purpose is to identify the legal implications regarding the Standstill obligation under Article 108(3) TFEU when the procedure set out i

This thesis presents the development and validation of an analysis framework to study quantum decoherence in neutral B-meson pairs produced at the $\Upsilon(5S)$ resonance, using Monte Carlo simulated data from the Belle experiment. Unlike the $\Upsilon(4S)$, the $\Upsilon(5S)$ provides access to both antisymmetric ($C=-1$) and symmetric ($C=+1$) quantum states through the channels $B^0\bar{B}^0$,

Oenochrominae sensu stricto (s. s.) are a group of robust-bodied geometrid moths found in the Australasian region. However, over the years, there has been a tendency to relegate genera that are difficult to classify under other subfamilies of Geometridae into a taxonomic “trash bin,” referred to as Oenochrominae sensu lato (s. l.). Here, we examine this assemblage of moths, focusing on Australasia

Proprioception of the knee was measured in 19 healthy individuals to evaluate whether there were any differences between extension and flexion movements from two different starting positions. The threshold before detecting a passive movement, visual estimation on a protractor of a passive change in position (30 degrees angular change) and active reproduction of the same angular change were registe

Background: The positive effects of Kangaroo mother care in NICU’s are well documented but, to a lesser extent, explored during inter-hospital neonatal transport. Inter-hospital transport, with the infant placed in a transport incubator, increases the risk of separation while infants in Kangaroo mother care position implies that the parents accompany the transport. There exists limited knowledge i

Materials with heterogeneous microstructures have been reported to have an attractive combination of strength and ductility. This is attributed to synergistic strengthening effects from the difference in strength of fine- and coarse-grained regions. Understanding the interaction of the regions is crucial for further optimization of the microstructures. In this work, we fabricated nickel of harmoni

Objective: To evaluate the long-term performance of the patch materials we have used to augment the pulmonary arterial tree across a wide spectrum of diagnoses and anatomical locations. Methods: Retrospective, single-center review of 217 consecutive pediatric patients at a tertiary referral center from 1993 to 2020 who underwent patch arterioplasty of the pulmonary arterial tree from the pulmonary

The accurate identification of non-metallic inclusions (NMIs) within steel matrices is critical for high-quality steel production. This study employs synchrotron radiation-based X-ray absorption photoemission electron microscopy (X-PEEM) to investigate NMIs in ultra-high-strength steels. Ca-L2,3-edge X-ray absorption spectra were acquired for six NMIs at both room temperature and 400 °C, allowing

A numerical approach for moisture transport in porous materials like concrete is presented. The model considers mass balance equations for the vapour phase and the water phase in the material together with constitutive equations for the mass flows and for the exchange of mass between the two phases. History-dependent sorption behaviour is introduced by considering scanning curves between the bound

This study documents how the pore structure develops with time in cement-based materials with varying fly ash replacement. Heat production was measured during the first days, water vapour desorption isotherms were determined at different times up to 18 months, and moisture transport properties were measured after one year. Long-term fly ash reactions alter the pore structure considerably. The fly

An experimental campaign has been carried out with the aim of providing an insight into the fracture processes occurring during the cutting of different types of polymers, with features ranging from typically brittle to soft hyperelastic behaviour. The steady state of cutting is investigated using a sharp thin blade, and tracking the insertion force versus the penetration displacement. For soft, h

In order to diagnose and fully correlate structural, chemical, and functional features of macromolecules and particles in solution, we propose the integration of spectroscopy and scattering on the same measuring volume and at the same time in a dedicated sample environment with multiple probes. Combined SAXS/UV-vis and SAXS/Raman information are employed to study the radiation damage effect in pro

The entrapment of bacterial cells within inorganic silica materials was reported almost 20 years ago. However, almost all studies to date have shown that these entrapped cells are unable to divide and thus should be expected to have reduced promoter activity. In view of the importance of bacteria as model systems for both fundamental and applied biological studies, it is crucial that immobilized c

n-type Mg3Sb1.5Bi0.5 has recently been discovered to be a promising thermoelectric material, yet the effective n-type dopants are mainly limited to the chalcogens. This may be attributed to the limited chemical insight into the effects from different n-type dopants. By comparing the effects of different chalcogen dopants Q (Q = S, Se, and Te) on thermoelectric properties, it is found that the chal

A computational framework for modelling damage-induced softening in fibre-reinforced materials is presented. The main aspect of this framework is the proposed non-local gradient-enhanced continuum damage formulation. At the material level, the elastic constitutive behavior is defined by a hyperelastic functional including a volumetric and an isochoric contribution. The isochoric contribution is su

Wildfire has become a major disturbance agent in Mediterranean area, with Galicia in the north-west of Spain having the most frequent fires. In order to combat soil erosion, different post-fire stabilization treatments can be applied, like adding different mulch materials. In a laboratory experiment we evaluated the effect of adding plant residues, commonly used in post-fire rehabilitation (wheat

Quantifying the ways in which local particle rearrangements contribute to macroscopic plasticity is one of the fundamental pursuits of granular mechanics and soft matter physics. Here we examine local rearrangements that occur naturally during the deformation of three samples of 3D granular materials subjected to distinct boundary conditions by employing in situ x-ray measurements of particle-reso

n this study, Jordanian feldspar from Wadi Al-Jayshiah area was invested to evaluate its applicability as raw material for ceramic and industries. The chemical analysis indicated that the average Fe2O3 content is 2.33%, which is very high, compared to commercial ceramic and glass grades feldspar. The SiO2 content in the Wadi Al-Jayshiah feldspar (67.96%) lies within the required amount in commerci