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Aim: To investigate whether there is any pharmacokinetic rationale for the common practice of administering vincristine to adolescents at relatively lower doses than those to younger children. Methods: A total of 98 children, aged 1.3-17.3 y, with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) were studied on day I of induction therapy. Plasma samples were drawn before and 10, 30, 360 and 1380 min after inje
The crystal structure of superoxide dismutase (SOD) from the hyper thermophile Sulfolobus solfataricus has been determined at 2.3 Å resolution by molecular replacement and refined to a crystallographic R-factor of 16.8 % (Rfree 19.8 %). The crystals belong to the space group C2 (a = 76.3 Å, b = 124.3 Å,c = 60.3 Å, β = 128.8°) with two identical monomers in the asymmetric unit. The monomer has a mo
Mesoamerican nephropathy is an epidemic of chronic kidney disease (CKD) unrelated to traditional causes, mostly observed in sugarcane workers. We analysed CKD mortality in Costa Rica to explore when and where the epidemic emerged, sex and age patterns, and relationship with altitude, climate and sugarcane production.
Codifications of human rights are widely understood as politically established instruments for evaluating human life. The call for such an apparatus emerges as a response to the age-old problem of social organization, constituting – in extension – a means by which to cope with the overall problem of survival. However, evaluating life is inherently problematic. It is problematic as it presupposes a
It has been hypothesized that aquaporin-9 (AQP9) is part of the unknown route of hepatocyte glycerol uptake. In a previous study, leptin receptor-deficient wild-type mice became diabetic and suffered from fasting hyperglycemia whereas isogenic AQP9(-/-) knock-out mice remained normoglycemic. The reason for this improvement in AQP9(-/-) mice was not established before. Here, we show increased gluco
The study of biomolecular interactions is central to an understanding of function, malfunction and therapeutic modulation of biological systems, yet often involves a compromise between sensitivity and accuracy. Many conventional analytical steps and the procedures required to facilitate sensitive detection, such as the incorporation of chemical labels, are prone to perturb the complexes under obse
Abstract in UndeterminedRecording eye movement data with high quality is often a prerequisite for producing valid and replicable results and for drawing well-founded conclusions about the oculomotor system. Today, many aspects of data quality are often informally discussed among researchers but are very seldom measured, quantified, and reported. Here we systematically investigated how the calibrat
Organometallic analogues of chloroquine show promise as new antimalarial agents capable of overcoming resistance to the parent drug chloroquine. Here, the synthesis and characterization of three new cymantrene (CpMn(CO)(3)) and cyrhetrene (CpRe(CO)(3)) 4-aminoquinoline conjugates with either an amine or amide linker are reported. The antimalarial activity of the new organometallic conjugates N-(2-
BACKGROUND: Diagnostic methods for the study of allergic reactions to Anisakis simplex (A.s.) based on whole-body extracts of the larva are clearly insufficient. OBJECTIVES: To study the allergenicity of the proteins secreted by the parasite. Comparison with somatic antigens and determination of their clinical importance in allergic patients were also addressed. METHODS: An excretory/secretory (E/
To study gene expression in differentiated adult motoneuron subtypes, we used fluorescent dextrans for both anterograde and retrograde axonal tracing in adult rat and mouse. Application of these dyes to the cut distal and proximal ends of small extramuscular nerve branches revealed both the peripheral ramifications and the cell bodies of subsets of motoneurons. We show that the soleus muscle is in
The interactions, in aqueous media, between a pyrene-labelled polyelectrolyte poly(acrylic acid) (PAAMePy) with two different degrees of labelling and beta- and gamma-cyclodextrins (beta- and gamma-CD) were studied using absorption and fluorescence (steady-state and time-resolved) techniques. In addition to qualitative and quantitative parameters obtained from absorption and steady-state fluoresce
Western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripiclae), cause very large economic damage on a variety of field and greenhouse crops. In this study, plant resistance against thrips was introduced into transgenic potato plants through the expression of novel, custom-made, multiclomain protease inhibitors. Representative classes of inhibitors of cysteine and aspartic
Our aim in this study was to explore women's responses to reported ad-hoc demands for unauthorized user fees during pregnancy and childbirth in Luanda, Angola. Ten focus group discussions were conducted and data were analysed using grounded theory. Women were found to apply six strategies as they "endeavored to cope with demands for unauthorized user fees" (core category): (i) blowing the whistle,
Introduction: Different sources of variations, such as electrogoniometer characteristics and procedures, may affect the accuracy and precision of movement measurements during gait. Objective: To quantify the variations and compare the effects produced by different sources of variation in electrogoniometric gait recordings: the sensors, procedures (trials) and the knee joint. Methods: Knee flexion/
Anaerobic biodegradation of fermented spent sulphite liquor, SSL, which is produced during the manufacture of sulphite pulp, was investigated. SSL contains a high concentration of lignin products in addition to hemicellulose and has a very high COD load (173 g COD 1(-1)). Batch experiments with diluted SSL and pretreated SSL indicated a potential of 12-22 1 methane per hire SSL, which corresponds
There is an increasing interest in open source, which also goes for enterprise resource planning (ERPs) systems, especially when it comes for small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). In this article, the focus is on the combination of open source and ERPs, and specifically on what role development of open source ERPs plays in diffusion of ERPs among SMEs. In an effort to be able to explain the i
Aim: The relationship between support at home and rehospitalization has not been extensively studied until now. In particular, little is known about the impact of being assisted by migrant care workers (MCW) and rehospitalization. We aimed at investigating such a relationship in a population of older patients discharged from hospitals. Methods: Our series consisted of 506 patients aged 65 years or
Chronic low-grade inflammation, particularly in adipose tissue, is an important modulator of obesity-induced insulin resistance. The Toll-like receptor 4 (Tlr4) is a key initiator of inflammatory responses in macrophages. We performed bone marrow transplantation (BMT) of Tlr4lps-del or control C57Bl/10J donor cells into irradiated wild-type C57Bl6 recipient mice to generate hematopoietic cell-spec
