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Bumblebees and other pollinators have recently experienced population and diversity declines linked to habitat loss and fragmentation due to land use change. A previous study in Sweden showed a big shift in bumblebee community composition, where the Bombus terrestris complex (B. terrestris, Bombus lucorum) highly increased in relative abundance, but the relative contribution of the two different s
Genom äktenskapsförord har makar möjlighet att reglera sina egendomsförhållanden vid en eventuell skilsmässa. Om en make anser att ett eller flera villkor i äktenskapsförordet är oskäliga kan denne åberopa jämkning enligt bestämmelsen i 12 kap. 3 § Äktenskapsbalken (SFS 1987:230) (ÄktB). I förarbetena till lagen, prop.1986/87:1, uttalade departementschefen att bestämmelsen ska tillämpas restriktivThrough prenuptial agreements, spouses have the opportunity to regulate their economic conditions in case of a divorce. If one spouse finds one or more conditions in the agreement to be unreasonable, they can appeal for adjustment of this through the regulation in 12 ch. 3 § ÄktB (the Swedish martial law). In the legislative history of the law, prop.1986/87:1, the minister expressed that the admin
I svensk rätt gäller som huvudregel att ett avtal endast är bindande mellan parterna. Så är fallet även vad gäller skiljeavtal. Vissa typsituationer, till exempel singularsuccession och borgen, kan ge upphov till frågan om någon som inte skrivit under ett skiljeavtal (en icke-signatär) trots allt är skiljebunden. En följdfråga som uppstår är om icke-signatärens skiljebundenhet förutsätter att ickeUnder Swedish law, an agreement is in principle binding only between the parties. This also applies to arbitration agreements. However, in certain typical situations, such as party substitution by way of singular succession and guarantee liability, the question arises as to whether a non-signatory to the arbitration agreement is bound by it. A related issue is whether a non-signatory may be bound
The success of cancer immunotherapy depends on the priming of tumor-specific T and B lymphocytes. However, tumor cells often downregulate antigen presentation and mount an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), which excludes immunogenic cells and hinders broad success of cancer immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1s) are cr
In 1949, Swedish actress Ingrid Bergman caused a well known scandal in Hollywood by leaving her Swedish husband Petter Lindström and their daughter for Italian film director Roberto Rossellini. The effects of this scandal in America have been thoroughly described in works like Bergman’s autobiography (Bergman, 1980), Donald Spoto’s recent biography on Bergman (Spoto, 1997) and in specialized schol
Timing of deformation and metamorphism yield important information for understanding the development of orogenic processes and correlation of mobile belts and continents. This thesis adds new geochronological data constraining the age of protoliths and events of reworking in the frontal region of the c. 1.2-0.9 Ga Sveconorwegian (Grenvillian) Orogen in SW Sweden. The Eastern Segment mainly consis
Popular Abstract in English If you wonder about the journey of goods and services before they reach you and the effects that journey has on the natural environment and the society, this dissertation is for you. In order to deliver goods and services from raw materials to you, the customer/consumer, several organizations and individuals interact with each other. They source the materials, manufactuTo develop sustainable supply chains in a way that their negative environmental and social effects are minimized, shortand long-term targets should be set. The transformation of supply chains towards these targets calls for the development of innovative strategies and the need to continuously identify, classify, and tackle the challenges that can hinder the execution of such strategies. To develop
Popular Abstract in French Phytoplancton invasif : génétique des populations, phylogéographie, et facteurs facilitant l’invasion par Gonyostomum semen De nos jours, les espèces invasives représentent une importante menace à la biodiversité. Une espèce invasive colonise un nouvel environnement, ou elle était absente, et atteint de forte densité rapidement, diminuant l’abondance ou remplaçant les es
Popular Abstract in Swedish Området runt Forsmarks kärnkraftverk i Östhammars kommun, ca 80 km norr om Uppsala, valdes år 2000 ut som en av två möjliga kandidater för byggandet av ett slutförvar för använt kärnbränsle. År 2002 startade SKB (Svensk Kärnbränslehantering AB) en platsundersökning i området, vars syfte bland annat är att samla in tillräckligt mycket kunskap om berget och dess egenskapeThe Forsmark area, in the western part of the Svecofennian orogen, central Sweden, is situated between two major Palaeoproterozoic tectonic domains that show contrasting histories with respect to timing of igneous activity, ductile deformation and metamorphism. At Forsmark, WNW to NW trending, ductile deformation belts anastomose around tectonic lenses with an inferred lower degree of ductile stra
High salinity wastewater (HSW, NaCl mass fraction ≥ 1%) from industries and aquacultures contains massive organic matters with a wide variety. These organic matters have been considered as significant threaten to both human and environment. The removal and degradation of them before discharge emerge as necessity. However, the traditional treatment methods show significant drawbacks for this purpos
Streams, rivers and lakes across wide areas of the Northern hemisphere have been subject to an increase in water color over the last decades. This increase, also known as browning, is a result of rising dissolved organic matter (DOM) and iron (Fe) concentrations in the water. Over the years, browning has received ample attention due to its impact on the structure and function of freshwater ecosyst
Popular Abstract in Swedish I mitt doktorandprojekt har jag studerat den fästingspridda bakterien Borrelia och dess värddjur skogssork. Det övergripande syftet har varit att kartlägga den genetiska variationen i den delen av immunförsvaret som tar hand om bakterieinfektioner, som till exempel borrelia. I alla ryggradsdjur finns ett specifikt immunförsvar som kan identifiera små proteinbitar från eThe major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class IIB genes exhibit extensive allelic polymorphism, most likely maintained by pathogen-mediated balancing selection (PMBS). PMBS may operate in the form of heterozygote advantage (HA), and/or through the interaction of pathogens and specific MHC alleles via fluctuating selection (FS) or negative frequency-dependent selection (NFDS). In particular, NFD
The right of public access, in Swedish called allemansrätten, gives people the opportunity to roam freely in nature. Whether one prefers to explore nature by foot, on a bike or on a pair of skis is up to the individual since the right of public access includes all the above-mentioned types of transportation. Today there seems to be a trend that the usage of cross-country skiing tracks and mountain
Genom att teckna en avbrottsförsäkring kan ett företag skydda sig mot de inkomstförluster som riskerar att uppstå om verksamheten drabbas av ett avbrott. För att full försäkringsersättning ska utgå vid ett avbrott fordras emellertid att det försäkrade företaget inte, i strid med 8 kap. 11 § försäkringsavtalslagen (FAL), förvärrat det inträffade försäkringsfallet eller åsidosatt sin plikt att, enliBy entering a business interruption insurance policy agreement, a company can protect itself against the risk of sustaining economic losses following an interruption of the company’s business. In order for the insured company to receive full compensation in the event of an interruption, the company must not, in violation of Section 11 of Chapter 8 of the Insurance Contracts Act (ICA), have exacerb
Popular science summary Spatial Memory Accuracy in Marsh tits (Poecile palustris) - an experimental study Food hoarding is a prevalent food protection behaviour in nature and it is performed by variety of animals including some mammals and birds. Two main food hoarding strategies have been observed among animals; larder hoarding and scatter hoarding. Larder hoarders aggregate all their food in
Enzyme engineering for a better future It is essential for many organisms on this planet to be able to digest plants. One of those organisms is the blue mussel, which uses certain enzymes in its stomach to break down sugar fibers in the algae that it eats. But how does this really work, and can we use it for anything? Plant cells have very strong walls, protecting them from environmental stress.
Abstract The blue gum psyllid, Ctenarytaina eucalypti (Homoptera: Psylloidea), is an economic threat to Eucalyptus plantations worldwide. To date, no efficient control method is available for this pest and the potential for semiochemical-based monitoring or control methods have not yet been investigated. Hence, I conducted the first study on the olfactory sense of C. eucalypti, investigating the
Vid företagsförvärv kan det finnas en önskan hos köparen att låta målbolaget medverka till finansieringen av aktieförvärvet. Möjligheterna till sådan medverkan begränsas emellertid genom det s.k. förvärvslåneförbudet i 21 kap. 5 § aktiebolagslagen (2005:551) enligt vilket aktiebolag inte får ge förskott, lämna lån eller ställa säkerhet (”lån m.m.) i syfte att gäldenären ska förvärva aktier i bolagWhen acquiring shares in a company the buyer may want the target company to contribute to the financing of the acquisition. The means of such contribution is however limited through a prohibition in Chapter 21 Section 5 of the Companies Act (2005:551) according to which a company may not grant advance, provide loans or provide security for loans (“loans etc.”) in order that the debtor or any natur
The Iron Closet has always been deep, and although never leading to Narnia it has on occasions had the potential to be a one-way ticket to a forced labour camp. After the decline of the Soviet Union, however, the Western world rejoiced; the second parenthesis had been set out and we now lived in the main narrative again where everything ought to make sense. Countries in the post-Soviet space would
