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Tau accumulation starts during the preclinical phase of Alzheimer's disease and is closely associated with cognitive decline. For preventive purposes, it is important to identify factors associated with tau accumulation and spread. Studying genetically identical twin-pairs may give insight into genetic and environmental contributions to tau pathology, as similarities in identical twin-pairs largel
Fission at low excitation energy is an ideal playground to probe the impact of nuclear structure on nuclear dynamics. While the importance of structural effects in the nascent fragments is well established in the (trans-)actinide region, the observation of asymmetric fission in several neutron-deficient pre-actinides can be explained by various mechanisms. To deepen our insight into that puzzle, a
Background: Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) represent a diagnostic challenge. This prospective multicenter study was conducted to evaluate pre-defined flow cytometric markers in the diagnostic work-up of MDS and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML). Methods: Thousand six hundred and eighty-two patients with suspected MDS/CMML were analyzed by both cytomorphology according to WHO 2016 criteria an
Aquaglyceroporin 7 (AQP7) facilitates glycerol flux across the plasma membrane with a critical physiological role linked to metabolism, obesity, and associated diseases. Here, we present the single-particle cryo-EM structure of AQP7 determined at 2.55 Å resolution adopting two adhering tetramers, stabilized by extracellularly exposed loops, in a configuration like that of the well-characterized in
Background: Nodal assessment in gallbladder cancer remains challenging, particularly in incidental gallbladder cancer. This understages the number of patients with node-positive disease, resulting in prognostic inaccuracy and insufficient adjuvant treatment. This study aimed to identify risk factors for positive nodes in gallbladder cancer and to compare prognostic discrimination of available noda
Background: Per- and polyflouralkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of persistent chemicals used extensively in industries and consumer products due to their water-repellent properties. Studies have linked PFAS exposure to adverse health effects, and human exposure to PFAS, especially during pregnancy, is of great concern. In this study, we report how serum PFAS concentrations during pregnancy corre
Dynamic interference is an elusive strong-field effect where photoelectrons from intense laser pulses interfere in time, forming rich kinetic energy patterns. Here, we present the first experimental demonstration of isolated dynamic interference using a novel two-color scheme: chirped laser-assisted dynamic interference. Isolation was achieved with a crossed-polarization setup combining an extreme
The aim was to identify treatment-related risk factors for diabetes in 5-year survivors of childhood cancer (CCS). This case-cohort study within Adult Life after Childhood Cancer in Scandinavia (ALiCCS) included 140 CCS with diabetes and a subcohort of 390 randomly selected CCS. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the association between treatm
The chemically induced ozone loss inside the Arctic vortex during the winter 1994/95 has been quantified by coordinated launches of over 1000 ozonesondes from 35 stations within the Match 94/95 campaign. Trajectory calculations, which allow diabatic heating or cooling, were used to trigger the balloon launches so that the ozone concentrations in a large number of air parcels are each measured twic
Aim: Periodontitis proxy variables enable an expansion of periodontal research. The study aimed to estimate the validity of questionnaire items and registry data in relation to Stage III–IV periodontitis and having 50% bone loss. Methods: Malmö Offspring Dental Study (MODS) participants (995) filled out questionnaires and underwent periodontal and panoramic radiography examinations. The questionna
Background: Neoadjuvant therapy is protective of postoperative pancreatic fistula in pancreatoduodenectomy. However, the effect of neoadjuvant therapy after left pancreatectomy remains unclear. The aim of this international multicenter study was to evaluate the impact of neoadjuvant therapy on short term outcomes after left pancreatectomy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Methods: Patients und
Multiple cropping, the simultaneous cultivation of several crops in space or time, is a global practice essential for intensifying and diversifying agriculture. Despite its substantial impact on environmental and socioeconomic outcomes of farming, multiple cropping is hardly accounted for in assessments of global food production, sustainability, and climate impacts. Such studies, often relying on
Spatially fractionated radiotherapy (SFRT) is emerging as a powerful tool in cancer therapy for patients who are ineligible for treatment with clinically established irradiation techniques. Microbeam radiotherapy (MRT) is characterized by spatial dose fractionation in the micrometre range. This presents challenges in both treatment planning and dosimetry. While a dosimetry system with a spatial re
Purpose: Among visually Tau-PET-positive scans, large variation exists in the size of the visually tau-positive area. Here, we propose a metric quantifying the spatial extent of visual Tau-PET-positivity, termed “TAU-SPEX”, and evaluate associations with visual read status, neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) pathology at autopsy, and cognition. Methods: [18F]flortaucipir data from 1,645 participants (ag
Background Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is a major complication after left pancreatectomy. The current International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery classification has limitations, including heterogeneity in morbidity and high interobserver variability. This study aimed to assess POPF-related morbidity after left pancreatectomy and propose a refined classification system. Methods Pati
Aqueous solutions are crucial in chemistry, biology, environmental science, and technology. The chemistry of solutes is influenced by the surrounding solvation shell of water molecules, which have different chemical properties than bulk water due to their different electronic and geometric structure. It is experimentally challenging to selectively investigate this property-determining electronic a
Spontaneous (non-traumatic) intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) affects ~3.4 million people worldwide each year, causing ~2.8 million deaths. Many randomised controlled trials and high-quality observational studies have added to the evidence base for the management of people with ICH since the last European Stroke Organisation (ESO) guidelines for the management of spontaneous ICH were published in 20
BACKGROUND: Patients receiving intraoperative ventilation during general anesthesia often have low end-tidal CO2 (etCO2). We examined the association of intraoperative etCO2 levels with the occurrence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in a conveniently-sized international, prospective study named 'Local ASsessment of Ventilatory management during General Anesthesia for Surgery' (LAS
The sharing of human neuroimaging data has great potential to accelerate the development of imaging biomarkers in neurological and psychiatric disorders; however, major obstacles remain in terms of how and why to share data in the Open Science context. In this Health Policy by the European Cluster for Imaging Biomarkers, we outline the current main opportunities and challenges based on the results
Background: Sex and gender influence many aspects of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Limited data are available on this topic in alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD). We therefore aimed to investigate sex issues in the EARCO registry, a prospective, international, observational cohort study. Methods: Baseline data from PiZZ individuals, enrolled in the registry with complete data on
