Filtyp
Many actors in the construction sector as well as in the research community emphasize the importance of experience feedback and knowledge building in order to streamline and improve the working methods. Taking advantage of positive experiences, sharing them with colleagues and documenting them within the organisation can be useful for future projects. On the other hand, negative experiences should
Branding är det begrepp som används för att beteckna det arbete som läggs ner för att bygga starka varumärken. Branding har allt mer kommit att handla om att bygga upp en identitet och en image kring verksamheter, för att på så vis skapa konkurrensfördelar. I litteraturen betonas vikten av att den valda identiteten ska förmedlas genom alla de kommunikationskanaler och kontaktytor som finns tillgänBranding is the term used to denote the work being done to build strong brands. Branding has increasingly come to focus on building an identity and a brand image around businesses to create competitive advantages. The literature emphasizes the importance of the selected identity to be communicated through all communication channels and interfaces available. Thus, branding can include everything fr
Along with the interrelation between medical patent right, the generics impacts and the right to access to medicines, which as one of intersection issues between Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) and Human Rights (HR), has drawn more and more attention under the international society, the Doha Declaration on TRIPS and Public Health has reaffirmed the flexibilities of the Agreement on the Trade R
Idag talas det allt mer om de klimatutmaningarna vi står inför. Utmaningarna innebär ytterligare insatser för att det ska vara möjligt att uppnå den utsläppsminskning som krävs. Det nationella miljökvalitetsmålet Begränsad klimatpåverkan ska verka vägledande i Sveriges miljöarbete för alla samhällsnivåer, inklusive Sveriges kommuner. Därför har kommunerna en central roll och ett ansvar att bryta nThe challenge of climate change is highly contemporary topic. Further efforts are required to enable the adequate reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. The national environment quality objective Begränsad klimatpåverkan (limited climate influence) is aimed to act as guidance for Sweden’s environmental efforts on all levels, including local governments. Local governments have a central role and re
Tomotherapy delivers intensity modulated radiation therapy, IMRT, which enables highly advanced treatment plans with homogenous absorbed dose coverage of the target with sharp dose gradients to spare surrounding healthy tissue. Helical tomotherapy consists of a linear accelerator mounted on a rotating gantry, the construction is similar to a CT although the energy is in the MV-range instead of kV
De faktiska köpavtal som sluts inom näringslivet uppvisar idag en tydlig tendens till väsentlig avvikelse från den dispositiva köprätten avseende skadeståndsansvar för indirekta skador. Ur ekonomisk aspekt är friskrivning från denna sorts skadeståndsansvar klart motiverad, då det ger näringsidkare en tydligare överblick av de risker som är förknippade med avtalen de ingår. Samtidigt har flera rättIn this thesis Exclusion clauses concerning negligence – a study of sellers’ legal rights to limit damage liability in commercial contracts the author sets out to answer the question if it’s possible for a commercial seller to exclude it’s liability for consequential loss even in cases of gross negligence. The subject was raised as it’s clear that the actual sales contracts of today’s tendency t
Context: Distributed teams characterize Global Software Engineering (GSE). GSE stakeholders are from different cultures, geographic places and potentially time zones. These conditions have significant consequences on communication, coordination and control of software projects. Given these constraints, distributed teams need to highly rely on each other. Trust is the glue that holds them together
Survival after childhood cancer has improved dramatically during the past four decades, resulting in a five-year survival rate of 80% in children recently treated for cancer in the Nordic countries. However, these advances in treatment and survival has come at a price, and many survivors face significant treatment-induced sequelae, most of which only become clinically apparent many years after the
Free movement of goods is regulated by Article 28 of The EC Treaty. The most important judgments of European Court of Justice (ECJ) in this field are Dassonville, Cassis de Dijon and Keck. The interpretation of Article 28 was very broad in Dassonville and Cassis cases therefore the national rules which were designed for social policy reasons, but not for controlling the trade between Member States
The EC Competition Law has always played an important part in Community Law. Paul Craig and Gráinne de Búrca, EU Law Text, Cases, and Materials, 3rd edition 2003, page 936 This law, with its two fundamental provisions known as Articles 81 and 82 governing anti-competitive behaviours, has made great contribution to the achievement of one of the objectives laid down in the EC Treaty: ensuring that &
One of the important problems concerning European Environmental law is the lack of coherence in the European legal system including Competition rules&semic granting state aid for environmental protection reasons is one of these problems. In this sense, after more than twenty years of community legislations in the field of environmental protection, the European commission adopts in the 1994 the
In the traditional model of international law, to which however reality has never exactly corresponded, situations of armed violence fall into clearly defined categories which in their turn appertained to a certain set of rules of international law applicable. For armed conflicts between sovereign states ('war'), international humanitarian law provides a full body of rules. On the other ha
It is frustrating for every reasonable human being to observe scenes of exploitation around the world in respect of children, because of their either naivety or vulnerability. It is unacceptable that still in the 21st century, children do not benefit from the protection, attention and love they deserve. An estimated 300 million children worldwide are subject to violence, exploitation and abuse inc
This thesis examines the impact on traditional knowledge holders' right to culture of corporate appropriation of traditional knowledge for the purpose of developing new medicines. The questions addressed are: - Does the behaviour of pharmaceutical companies in relation to traditional knowledge infringe on the right to culture of original knowledge holders? - What regulation of bioprospecting a
This thesis deals with the development of the EU asylum law and policy with focus on the role of burden-sharing and temporary protection. The Geneva Convention is the legal framework for community action. This is laid down by Article 63.1 of the EC Treaty. Article 63 does not only refer to the Geneva Convention, but also to other relevant Human Rights Treaties such as the 1948 Universal Declaratio
Ickekonstitutionella regeringsförändringar har varit ett stort problem i Afrika sen avkoloniseringen och militärkupper har varit en minst lika vanlig form av regeringsbyte som demokratiska val. Afrikanska unionen (AU) har sen den bildades 2001 utvecklat den afrikanska internationella rätten för att kunna hantera dessa situationer. AU:s föregångare Organisationen för afrikansk enighet (OAU) hade inUnconstitutional changes of government has been a major problem in Africa since decolonization with military coups being a more common way of changing government than democratic elections. The African Union (AU) was established in 2001 and has since then provided a significant development of the African law, not the least in the branch of law covering the AU response to unconstitutional changes of
Vilka ämnesområden som inte lämpar sig för skiljeförfarande och således faller under nationell domstols jurisdiktion är omstritt. Skiljedomsmässighet, som riktar sig till själva tvistefrågan, besvarar den ovan ställda frågan i varje enskilt fall. Vad som faller inom ramen för skiljedomsmässighet avgörs av varje enskild stat. Denna form av skiljedomsmässighet definerar de tvistande parternas freeWhich subject matters are inappropriate for submission to arbitration and should instead be decided by a court of law? Subject matter arbitrability answers this question. What is included in the scope of inarbitrability is decided by the each single country. Subject matter arbitrability has influence on the parties’ freedom of contact by defining which issues the disputing parties may freely emp
För drygt tio år sedan infördes sluten ungdomsvård som ersättning av fängelsestraffet för lagöverträdare mellan 15 och 17 år. Tidigare var fängelse enda påföljden som fanns att tillgå för unga som gjort sig skyldiga till mycket allvarlig brottslighet. Lagstiftaren fann situationen otillfredsställande, eftersom fängelsemiljön ansågs olämplig för unga personer. Istället skulle de unga nu beredas indOver ten years ago closed institutional youth care was introduced as a substitute of the prison sentence for offenders between the ages of 15 and 17. Previously, imprisonment was the only sanction for young people who have committed serious delinquency. The legislature found the situation unsatisfactory as the prison environment was considered harmful and inappropriate for young people. The respon
För var dag som går blir vårt samhälle allt mer beroende av teknik och snabb och lättillgänglig information. De flesta av oss söker dagligen efter någon sorts information på internet. Vi gör sökningar på allt som är av intresse för oss för stunden och allt fler inköp görs numera på nätet. Med denna nya, teknikberoende livsstil har det blivit allt viktigare för företag att marknadsföra sina varor oFor each day that passes our society becomes more and more dependent on technology and a fast and easy access to information. Most of us are using internet on a daily basis in search of information. We search for information regarding most things in our lives, from health, lifestyle and food to information regarding travel and work-related issues. With this new, technology-dependent lifestyle it h
Sverige har två olika sanktionssystem som kan aktualiseras när en person exempelvis kört bil under påverkan av alkohol. För en och samma gärning kan en person i två olika förfaranden få ett bötesstraff eller till och med fängelsestraff men även få sitt körkort återkallat av Transportstyrelsen. I svensk rätt har vi principen res judicata som innebär att en person inte får bli föremål för rättsligSweden has two different systems of sanctions that may arise when a person has committed a serious offense in traffic. For the same conduct a person can in two different proceedings be sentenced to pay a fee or even imprisonment and also have his driving license withdrawn by the Transport Agency (Transportstyrelsen). In Swedish law the principle of res judicata is to prevent a person from being
