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Familial forms of monoclonal gammopathy, defined as multiple myeloma (MM) or Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS), are relatively infrequent and most series reported in the literature describe a limited number of families. MM rarely occurs in a familial context. MGUS is observed much more commonly, which can in some cases evolve toward full-blown MM. Although recurrent cytogen

The extracellular matrix is not only a scaffold to which cells attach, but it is also a matrix that communicates cell signals. Because of the interplay between cells and the extracellular matrix, changes in the extracellular matrix can steer cell fate. This opens up the opportunity to design and engineer the extracellular matrix to communicate changes to the cells. Thus, this thesis has focused on

Today's petrochemical industry relies on fossil hydrocarbons, not only for energy purposes but also as feedstock. This use of fossil materials is being challenged by the European Union's target to achieve climate neutrality by 2050. The most affected region in Europe is the cross-border region between Antwerp, Rotterdam and the Rhine-Ruhr area in western Germany, an interconnected petrochemical me

The purpose of this study is to look into patronage effects of extended supply outside peak hours on regional public transport services. Previous studies have shown that the service frequency is an attribute of great importance for regional passengers, but little is known about the details regarding peak and off-peak frequencies or service hours. The present study addresses this knowledge gap, dep

Objectives: IgA vasculitis (IgAV) in adults has been relatively under-investigated. Since outcomes are worse in other forms of vasculitis with increasing age, we investigated the outcomes of IgAV comparing younger adults (18-34), middle-aged adults (35-64) and elderly patients (≥64 years) focusing on kidney outcomes. Methods: We identified patients with renal biopsy-confirmed IgAV nephritis and co

Slow- and non-growing bacterial populations, along with intracellular pathogens, often evade standard antibacterial treatments and are linked to persistent and recurrent infections. This necessitates the development of therapies specifically targeting nonproliferating bacteria. To identify compounds active against non-growing uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) we performed a drug-repurposing sc

This chapter explains that the causation inquiry performed by the European Court of Human Rights for determining breach of positive obligations has to be understood in light of the normative structural considerations that underpin state responsibility under the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). In particular, the responsibility system is not shaped by the corrective justice rationale tha

Integrative lighting promoting circadian health has recently gained attention due to the increasing awareness of non-visual effects of light and advancements in lighting technology. However, reaching both visual and non-visual circadian targets in buildings may be challenging when considering energy use. Despite growing interest, most studies have focused on health benefits and individual design p

Context Developing compilers and static analysis tools (“language tools”) is a difficult and time-consuming task. We have previously presented property probes, a technique to help the language tool developer build understanding of their tool. A probe presents a live view into the internals of the compiler, enabling the developer to see all the intermediate steps of a compilation or analysis rather

Evolutionary changes in geographic distribution and larval host plants may promote the rapid diversification of montane insects, but this scenario has been rarely investigated. We studied the rapid radiation of the butterfly genus Colias, which has diversified in mountain ecosystems in Eurasia, Africa, and the Americas. Based on a data set of 150 nuclear protein-coding genetic loci and mitochondri

This chapter explains that the causation inquiry performed by the European Court of Human Rights for determining breach of positive obligations has to be understood in light of the normative structural considerations that underpin state responsibility under the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). In particular, the responsibility system is not shaped by the corrective justice rationale tha