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Diabetic retinopathy is an ophthalmic complication of diabetes that currently affects 93 million people worldwide. Diabetic macular edema is a subtype of diabetic retinopathy that is characterized by leaking blood vessels in the central part of the retina, and it is a major cause of vision loss in individuals with diabetes. Screening for retinopathy is performed at regular intervals to identify su

Several articles within the area of green chemistry often promote new techniques or products as 'green' or 'more environmentally benign' than their conventional counterpart although these articles often do not quantitatively assess the environmental performance. In order to do this, life cycle assessment (LCA) is a valuable methodology. However, on the planning stage, a full-scale LCA is considere

Tumor cell death potentially engages with the immune system. However, the efficacy of anti-tumor chemotherapy may be limited by tumor-driven immunosuppression, e.g., through CD25(+) regulatory T cells. We addressed this question in a mouse model of mesothelioma by depleting or reconstituting CD25(+) regulatory T cells in combination with two different chemotherapeutic drugs. We found that the effi

Use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software packages within fire performance based engineering and risk assessment is increasing substantially. An important part in the process is validation and verification in order to be able to assess the accuracy and reliability of the computational tools. To improve the credibility of using CFD modeling in several high-consequence fields, such as the n

With the advent of multimodality therapy, the overall five-year survival rate from childhood cancer has improved considerably now exceeding 80% in developed European countries. This growing cohort of survivors, with many years of life ahead of them, has raised the necessity for knowledge concerning the risks of adverse long-term sequelae of the life-saving treatments in order to provide optimal sc

Popular Abstract in Swedish Dercums sjukdom är ovanlig sjukdom som kännetecknas av uttalad kronisk smärta (>3 månader) i fettväven, kombinerad med övervikt och ett antal mer diffusa associerade symptom, såsom trötthet och allmän sjukdomskänsla. Orsaken till sjukdomen är okänd. Smärtorna är ofta handikappande och de flesta prövade behandlingar, såsom traditionella smärtstillande, ger otillräcklig e

The concept of “vulnerable plaque” (VP) has been evolving since its introduction as an atherosclerotic plaque prone to cause cardiovascular events, such as myocardial infarction and stroke. Once defined as a thin-cap fibroatheroma prone to rupture, it now encompasses more atherosclerotic lesion types, including plaque erosion, fissure, and calcified nodules. Along with deeper understanding of plaq

Our main purpose has been to describe and compare two community's ways of organising and executing the social welfare sectors drug and alcohol abuse programs. We also wanted to explain the similarities and differences we found with the help of an organisations theoretical perspective. A second purpose has been to try to find out if the difference affects the clients possibility to receive equa

Malawi is an illustrating case of how gender inequalities exacerbate the spread of HIV/AIDS, and particularly undermines womens chance to protect themselves from getting infected. Further, a strong civil society has, e.g. by the Malawian state, been recognised as a crucial feature in fighting HIV/AIDS. On this background, this thesis attempt to understand to what extent the Malawian civil society

Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning: Våtmarkers utvecklingshistoria kan rekonstrueras genom att deras lagerföljd undersöks. Genom att studera de sediment, växtdelar och pollen som en våtmark är uppbyggd av kan man dra slutsatser om hur den bildats och hur dess utbredning varierat på grund av klimatförändringar och/eller mänsklig påverkan. Rekonstruktioner av förändringar i våtmarkers utbredning bidWetlands are of uttermost biological importance as they function as natural purifiers, absorb nitrogen, and contribute to the landscape biodiversity. In a long term, the history and change, in area- and volume extent, of wetlands reflect climate trends through time. This master’s thesis is an attempt to develop a methodology that in a simple and robust way reconstructs wetland changes using sedime

Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning: Kadmium är en tungmetall som liksom andra tungmetaller finns naturligt i miljön. Genom att människan finner användning för kadmium och använder sig av produkter som har kadmium som en förorening i sig kan större mängder ansamlas på ett ställe än vad som är naturligt. Kadmium kan man finna i bilar, båtar och andra maskiners metalldelar men också i avgaserna som sModelling of pollutants is commonly used in research and at departments working with environmental issues. The need to use large amounts of data when modelling creates the opportunity for more generalised models with lower data demands. Aggregating functions into coarser elements is a sort of generalisation of actual features in nature. A development of a method and a modelling tool called “Kadmiu

Our state of emergency is good - is the public library prepared for the future? Our state of emergency is good! These are the words spoken by Prime Minister Per Albin Hansson in 1939. He claimed that Sweden had nothing to fear from a future war, we were safe. Today we know it was not so. Is this the situation for Swedish public library of today? Is the public library ready to face the future, or