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OBJECTIVE: To determine moment arm lengths from seven knee muscles and the patellar tendon. The knee muscles were the biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, gracilis, sartorius, and the lateral and medial gastrocnemius muscles. DESIGN: The moment arms were calculated based on MRI measurements. BACKGROUND: Moment arm lengths of different muscles with respect to the joint centre of rotatio
For some time, directional antennas have been considered to solve connectivity and interference issues in wireless networks. Several scenarios have been presented and often the conclusions drawn are positive, showing increase in capacity. However, to date there has been no effort to assess a holistic picture of the benefit/cost tradeoff and previous work mainly concerns either link scheduling or a
The present series comprises all families (n = 77) with haemophilia B in Sweden and may be considered to be representative for the purposes of a population-based study of mutational heterogeneity. The 77 families (38 severe, 10 moderate, 29 mild) had 51 different mutations in total. Thirteen families had total, partial or small deletions, two had mutations in the promoter, eight families had splic
A comparative study was performed to reveal differences and relative figures of merit of seven different calculation algorithms for photon beams when applied to inhomogeneous media. The following algorithms were investigated: Varian Eclipse: the anisotropic analytical algorithm, and the pencil beam with modified Batho correction; Nucletron Helax-TMS: the collapsed cone and the pencil beam with equ
The global aviation industry is experiencing growing pressure to decarbonize, driving significant demand for Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF). Second-generation feedstocks that do not directly compete with food crops, such as lipid oils from insects and lignin-derived oils, are promising sources, but their high concentrations of inorganic contaminants and oxygen make them incompatible with existing
OBJECTIVE: Systemic inflammatory autoimmune diseases (SIADs) such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), primary Sjögren disease (pSS), and idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (myositis) are complex conditions characterized by shared circulating autoantibodies and clinical manifestations, including skin rashes, among others. This study was aimed at elucidating the genetics underlying these common f
Background: Recently developed buprenorphine depot injections have the potential to reduce risk for diversion and misuse, and to increase adherence with fewer visits for supervised intake. However, it is unclear how patients perceive this new form of medication. The purpose of this study was to explore patients experiences of depot injections and their reasons for continuing, discontinuing, or dec
In the 17th century, especially after the Thirty Years War, Sweden was engaged with demonstrating and presenting itself as the new great power it had become. Particularly the visual culture was a fine way to express the royal desires and ambitions, and what better way to show Sweden’s new age of greatness than through medals, the baroque business card.I strive to illustrate the significance of med
Guide for new PhD students | Department of Biology Page 1 of 20 GUIDE NEW PHD STUDENTS Department of Biology Date January 2022 Welcome as a new PhD student at the Department of Biology Some practical information about life in Sweden/Lund ............................................... 2 International students! Things to do as soon as you arrive in Sweden ......... 2 Resources for people new to Swe
https://www.biologi.lu.se/internt/sites/biologi.lu.se.internt/files/2022-07/GuideNewPhDStudentsDeptBiol.pdf - 2026-07-01
Background: Risk gene variants for celiac disease, identified in genome-wide linkage and association studies, might influence molecular pathways important for disease development. The aim was to examine expression levels of potential risk genes close to these variants in the small intestine and peripheral blood and also to test if the non-coding variants affect nearby gene expression levels in chi
This study evaluated the effects of retinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury and pre-treatment with the potent and specific aldose reductase inhibitor fidarestat on apoptosis, aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase expression, sorbitol pathway intermediate concentrations, and oxidative-nitrosative stress. Female Wistar rats were pre-treated with either vehicle (N-methyl-D-elucamine) or fidare
Colorectal cancer is the third most common type of cancer, and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the Western world. Chronic inflammation, such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), increases the risk of cancer. Cysteinyl leukotrienes are pro-inflammatory mediators that are involved in IBD. They are ligands to the G-protein coupled receptors CysLT1R and CysLT2R, of which CysLT1R
In Swedish higher formal aesthetic education, students from ethnic minorities are significantly underrepresented. This also seems to be the case in music education for younger children. Accordingly, the relationship between music education and the ethnic diversity of the contemporary Swedish society, not reflected in the selection of students to the Swedish music and culture schools, is of vital iIn Swedish higher formal aesthetic education, students from ethnic mi-norities are significantly underrepresented. This also seems to be the case in music education for younger children. Accordingly, the relation-ship between music education and the ethnic diversity of the contem-porary Swedish society, not reflected in the selection of students to the Swedish music and culture schools, is of vita
Syftet med förevarande uppsats är att belysa umgängessabotage och dess eventuella konsekvenser. Närmare bestämt avses att undersöka hur ett eventuellt umgängessabotage påverkar tingsrätten i sin bedömning när den har att ta ställning till vad som innebär barnets bästa (se föräldrabalken 6 kap. 2 a §). Umgängesrätten har utvecklats från att vara en rättighet avsedd för den förälder som utan grund hThe purpose of this essay is to highlight the consequences of the situation where one parent without acceptable cause refuses the other parent’s right of access with their child, hereinafter called ‘access sabotage’. The purpose is more specifically to investigate how the situation of access sabotage is affecting the district court in its assessment when it has to consider what outcome will be in
Many of our cities have problems with air pollution and it have been shown to cause a lot of damage to human health. There are different kinds of air pollution, some are gaseous air pollutions like NOx or ground-level ozone and other air pollutions are particles. NOx forms in high temperatures from combustion processes like in a car motor. Ground-level ozone form in combination with NOx, hydrocarb
The famous problem of Canadian Literature in the contemporary critical landscape is how it, as an institution, denies all but certain kinds of identities. Alexander Beecroft suggests that a national literature, through its attempts to locate and articulate a communal identity and a notion of fellow-feeling, curates characteristics among members of previously numerous groups which can function to d
Centralt för uppsatsen är Leo-lagen som tillkom efter en företagsskandal på 1980-talet där ledande befattningshavare i AB Leo fått teckna aktier i bolaget till fördelaktiga villkor. Leo-lagen som nu återfinns i 16 kap. ABL stadgar att ett beslut om nyemission måste fattas av bolagsstämman med minst nio tiondelars majoritet om de som ska ha rätt att teckna aktier ingår i den av Leo-lagen utpekade fIn the centre of this paper is the 16 chapter of the Swedish Companies Act (Sw. aktiebolagslag (2005:551) (ABL)). The law was adopted after a big company scandal in Sweden during the 1980s where officials in the company where given shares at profitable terms. To prevent this scandal from occurring again the law states that a decision to issue new shares to officials has to be made at the annual sh
Background: Exhaled breath temperature (EBT) has been suggested as a marker of airway inflammation in asthma. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate EBT in asthmatic subjects compared to healthy controls after an exercise challenge test, and in subjects with exercise-induced bronchoconstriction compared to subjects without, and to compare with body temperatures. Methods: A tot
To enhance the performance of gas turbine engines, high top-cycle temperatures are desired. However, the temperature is limited by current materials. To achieve the higher performance, and meanwhile maintain the metal temperatures of the combustors, vanes and blades below the allowable limits, sophisticated cooling techniques, such as impingement cooling, film cooling and convective internal cooli
