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Uppsatsen har genom en rättsdogmatisk metod undersökt domstolens bedömning av putativt nödvärn. Centrala kärnan i utredningen är om rättssäkerheten kan anses vara uppfylld vid en sådan bedömning. En otillåten handling som förövas med uppsåt ska i regel föranleda straffansvar, däremot föreligger inga regler utan undantag. En person som upplever en annan verklighetsuppfattning än den objektivt rådaThis paper is, using a legal dogmatic method, analysing the Court’s assessment of putative self-defence. The key question is whether the legal certainty can be regarded as fulfilled in such an assessment. An unauthorized act that is perpetrated with intent shall, as a rule, cause criminal liability, but there are exceptions to all rules. A person who perceives a different view of reality than th

This essay illustrates the problems which come up when the utmost will gets neglected because the forms prescribed by law have to be fulfilled for a tes- tament to be valid. It focuses foremost on the holographic testament, which can be written in circumstances of sickness or emergencies, when an indi- vidual is unable to write an ordinary testament. In 2013 this problem was illustrated in a case

Uppsatsen behandlar ämnet dödshjälp, och under vilka förutsättningar gärningsmannaansvar inträder enligt svensk rätt. Flertalet olika dödshjälpsformer avhandlas såsom medhjälp till självmord, barmhärtighetsmord, assisterat döende och eutanasi. Gemsamma nämnare för alla begrepp är att annan än målsägande, med dennes samtycke, direkt eller indirekt medverkar till målsägandens död. Dödshjälp i sig ärThe essay deals with the subject of euthanasia, and the conditions under which perpetrator liability arises under Swedish law. Most different forms of euthanasia are dealt with, such as aiding and abetting suicide, compassionate murder, assisted dying and euthanasia. Common denominators for all concepts are that someone other than the victim, with the victim’s consent, directly or indirectly contr

Parasitter og cytokiner i en naturlig populasjon I naturen finner vi utallige eksempler på arter som har spesialisert seg på å utnytte andre arter for næring, trygghet og overlevelse. Denne spesialiseringen kalles parasitisme, og har ofte en kostnad for verten i form av redusert helse og livskvalitet. Hos däggdjur, er en stor parasittgruppe innvollsparasitter. nematoder som lever i tarmene og sugAbstract In nature, the coexistence of parasites and hosts has been an important factor in evolution of the immune system, which can be found in all plants and animals. As parasitic infections are by definition affect overall fitness of the host, it is important for the host to be able to counteract the detrimental effects of infections. To ensure this, signaling molecules, known as cytokines, e

Enligt flyktingkonventionen har inte alla flyktingar rätt till flyktingstatus. Palestinska flyktingar, som åtnjuter skydd eller bistånd från UNRWA, hör till de som exkluderas från konventionens tillämpningsområde. Intentionen med artikel 1 D var inte att dem inte förtjänar samma skydd som andra flyktingar – tvärtom infördes bestämmelsen för att garantera palestinska flyktingar ett kontinuerligt skAccording to the Refugee Convention, not all refugees have the right to a refugee status. Palestinian refugees, who enjoy protection or assistance from UNRWA, are among those excluded from the scope of the Convention. The intention of Article 1 D, which was formulated in the travaux préparatoires to the Convention, was not to provide them of a lower level of protection than other refugees - on the

This thesis investigates Swedish voters’ perceptions of political branding and its consequences in a nation characterized by high institutional trust and low corruption. Political branding, a tool for shaping voter opinions, perceptions, and behavior, has gained significant traction in recent years. While traditionally viewed as beneficial for democracy, emerging critiques suggest it may hinder co

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) mycelia are dependent on contact with plant roots for spore formation. In this study, earthworms and collembolans were regarded as potential dispersal vectors of AM fungal spores and hyphae, and we determined how they influenced the extension of AM fungi from host plant roots. Plantago lanceolata seedlings were grown in a mesh bag with an AM inoculurn of dried soil and

Background and Objectives: Volunteering is characterised by an obligation-free action that occurs typically in an organisational setting. Its goals are to improve the health and well-being of others. Volunteering has the possibility of increasing both mental and physical health of volunteers. Values are the guiding motivators to applying for volunteering activities. The thesis aimed to understand

Denna rapport beskriver arbetet med att ta fram en landseglare i samarbete med konsultföretaget Semcon. Företaget vill kunna använda produkten på mässor och events, därför ska produkten ska utstråla Semcons värdeord, vilka är ”Responsibility, Credibility, Excellence”. Målet med arbetet är att skapa en landseglare som är mera portabel och enklare att montera jämfört med befintliga på marknaden, menThis report describes the development of a land sailer together with the consulting company Semcon. The company wants to use the product at fairs and internal events, therefore shall the product reflect Semcons core values, which are “Responsibility, Credibility, Excellence”. The aim with the development is to create a land sailer which is more portable and easier to assemble compared to existing

The influence of continuous inhalation of 150 ppm trichloroethylene (TCE) on body, liver, spleen, and kidney weights in rats, mice, and mongolian gerbils was tested. An age dependent decrease in body weight gain was observed in female rats exposed to TCE. All 3 spcies showed liver enlargement caused by the exposure. The effect was much more pronounced in mice, in which the increase was 60–80%, th

Gender assignment in languages with a gender system is a complex issue, as this can be influenced by both semantic, morphological, and phonological factors (Corbett, 1991, 2013; Corbett & Fraser, 2000). Many Indo-European languages possess a three-gender system, which distinguishes masculine, feminine, and neuter gender. Whereas this system is preserved in several Indo-European branches, it ha

BACKGROUND: It is well known that low platelet count on admission to intensive care units (ICU) is associated with increased mortality. However, it is unknown whether prothrombin time (PT-INR) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) on admission correlate with mortality and organ failure. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate if PT-INR and APTT at admission can predict outco

In this work, we experimentally report the figures of merit of state-of-the-art heterostructure Tunnel Field-Effect-Transistor (TFET) arrays from room (300K) down to cryogenic temperature (10K) at supply voltages below 400mV. We demonstrate here, for the first time, that InAs/InGaAsSb/GaSb Nanowire (NW) TFETs are robust enough to maintain e

In this thesis I focus on soundpainting-mediated musical experiences. Proposed in the mid seventies by the American musician Walter Thompson (b. 1952), soundpainting is a conventionalized artistic practice designed to create artistic works in real time. Thompson’s definition of soundpainting as a sign language is central to the present artistic inquiry, based on different moments of artistic pract

Milk is rich in miRNAs that appear to play important roles in the postnatal development of all mammals. Currently, two competing hypotheses exist: the functional hypothesis, which proposes that milk miRNAs are transferred to the offspring and exert physiological regulatory functions, and the nutritional hypothesis, which suggests that these molecules do not reach the systemic circulation of the mi

Primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) are inherited disorders of the immune system with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) as the only curative treatment in some of them. In case an HLA-matched donor is not available, HSCT from a haploidentical family donor may be considered. We compared the outcomes of HSCT from HLA-matched unrelated or related donors (MUDs or MRDs) and mismatc

PURPOSE: For primary melanomas, tumor thickness, mitotic rate and ulceration are well-laid cornerstones of prognostication. However, a molecular exposition of melanoma aggressiveness is critically missing. We recently uncovered a four-class structure in metastatic melanoma that predicts outcome and informs biology. This raises the possibility that a molecular structure exists even in the early st

Abstract Objective. Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) of the pancreas is a rare clinical entity. The objective of this study was to review a single institution's experience with this uncommon tumor, as well as review the literature. Material and Methods. Consecutive patients, who underwent surgery for a pathologically confirmed SPN between 1991 and 2010, were retrospectively reviewed. A PubMed

Background: We investigated the impact of time to adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) on survival after surgical resection (<8 weeks or 8–16 weeks) for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by applying a target-trial emulation. Material and Methods: We used Swedish population-based healthcare registries to emulate a hypothetical target trial, with treatment arms of ‘initiate AC <8 weeks postoper

India is a developing country with a large landmass and a huge socio-culturally, economically and ethnically diverse population. The healthcare system for such a diverse and complex country entails challenges and difficulties in execution and outreach. Here, the emerging area of telehealth could afford a place for itself in providing healthcare and health education to a large section of people res