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While foreign direct investments (FDI) are promoted as a vehicle for economic development their environmental consequences are less estab-lished. This study tests the hypotheses that 1) FDI led to environmental deg-radation in form of increased greenhouse gas emissions during Sub-Saharan Africa´s recent growth spurt but that 2) this impact was felt to a lesser extent in countries with a higher qua
While foreign direct investments (FDI) are promoted as a vehicle for economic development their environmental consequences are less established. This study tests the hypotheses that 1) FDI led to environmental degradation in form of increased greenhouse gas emissions during Sub-Saharan Africa´s recent growth spurt but that 2) this impact was felt to a lesser extent in countries with a higher quali
The social, environmental, and economic impact of cars in urban areas are a rising concern of the public and policy makers since motorized vehicles have several negative impacts on individual health and climate change. Car free developments have induced positive changes in all three dimensions of sustainability. The development of car free cities, however, often encounters stakeholder adversity. T
Group exhibition.'The horizon is always receding' brings together a selection of works that reflect on the scope and the implications that the term contemporary may have. As the philosopher Giorgio Agamben suggests, contemporaneity can be understood as a term that surpasses temporal demarcations and transcends simultaneity and coexistence. In this sense, this exhibition serves as a symptomatic dis
The performance of identification algorithms (“taggers”) for hadronically decaying top quarks and W bosons in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider is presented. A set of techniques based on jet shape observables are studied to determine a set of optimal cut-based taggers for use in physics analyses. The studies are extended to assess the utility
We study the effects of local vertex corrections to the self-energy of the electron gas. We find that a vertex derived from time-dependent density-functional theory can give accurate self-energies, provided, however, a proper decay at large momentum transfer (large q) is built into the vertex function. (The local-density approximation for the vertex fails badly.) Total energies are calculated from
We present midrapidity measurements from the PHENIX experiment of large parity-violating single-spin asymmetries of high transverse momentum electrons and positrons from W±/Z decays, produced in longitudinally polarized p+p collisions at center of mass energies of s=500 and 510 GeV. These asymmetries allow direct access to the antiquark polarized parton distribution functions due to the parity-vio
BACKGROUND: Recent years have seen enormous progress in the development of methods for modeling (bio)molecular systems. This has allowed for the simulation of ever larger and more complex systems. However, as such complexity increases, the requirements needed for these models to be accurate and physically meaningful become more and more difficult to fulfill. The use of simplified models to describ
We have developed a method to estimate free energies of reactions in proteins, called QM/MM-PBSA. It estimates the internal energy of the reactive site by quantum mechanical (QM) calculations, whereas bonded, electrostatic, and van der Waals interactions with the surrounding protein are calculated at the molecular mechanics (MM) level. The electrostatic part of the solvation energy of the reactant
Background: Possibilities of detecting oxygen - both in its free form, as gas in the lungs, and in its bound form, as oxygenated hemoglobin - have been explored in this thesis. Perfusion and oxygenation of vital organs (e.g., heart, brain and kidneys) may be severely compromised in critical illness or major trauma, which is why blood is rapidly diverted to those organs to improve chances of surviv
Time-resolved VUV laser spectroscopy has been performed to determine radiative lifetimes of several elements in atomic-beam systems. VUV radiation was generated by means of resonant four-wave mixing and stimulated anti-Stokes Raman shifting. Several methods to produce free atoms are presented and different techniques to determine radiative lifetimes are discussed. Doppler-free laser spectroscopy
The free volume sizes and interstitial mesopore sizes in poly(l-trimethylsilyl-l-propyne) (PTMSP)/silica nanocomposites and the correlation between nitrogen permeability and cavity sizes were studied with positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) at filler concentrations between 0 and 50 wt %. A bimodal free volume distribution was observed for PTMSP, and the size of the larger free volum
The recently introduced Gas in Scattering Media Absorption Spectroscopy (GASMAS) technique is applied to the study of various wood samples. Molecular oxygen in the pores of the strongly scattering material is detected using diode laser spectroscopy around 760 nm. Diffuse light propagation in these media is studied by time-dispersion measurements. Furthermore, anisotropy related to the fibre struct
In this article, we suggest that the degree of (dis)unity - both between the member states (MS) in the Council and within the Commission - is a key factor in affecting the balance between Commission autonomy and MS control in international trade negotiations. We shed empirical light on this issue, and on the relative influence of MS and the Commission in general, through a case study of the Econom
A Monte Carlo method is employed to calculate the dynamical conductivity in the terahertz range of free charge carriers localized in semiconductor nanoparticles. The shape of the conductivity spectrum is essentially determined by the probability of carrier transition through interparticle boundaries and by the ratio of the nanoparticle size and carrier mean free path in the bulk. It is shown that
Ultrafast extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) and X-ray sources are revolutionizing our ability to follow femtosecond processes with ångström-scale resolution. The next frontier is to simultaneously control the direction, duration and timing of such radiation. Here, we demonstrate a fully functional opto-optical modulator for XUV light, similar to modulators available at infrared (IR) and visible wavelength
Studien har granskat två aktuella nätverk på Internet som spridit sig och skapat reaktioner via Internet och andra medier. De två nätverken som studerats är Couchsurfing som startades 2004 och som idag har flera miljoner medlemmar samt Flattr vilket är ett nystartat nätverk med ett tiotusentals användare. I båda fallen har formen för betalning hamnat i fokus och skapat uppmärksamhet då de avvikit
