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Introduction: There is a common understanding that driving under the influence of alcohol is associated with higher risk of being involved in crashes with injuries and possible fatalities as the outcome. Various countermeasures have therefore from time to time been taken by the authorities to prevent drunk driving. One of them has been the alcohol interlock. Up to now, interlocks have mainly been
Abstract in UndeterminedThis paper describes a method for assessing the effectiveness in the steps of the learning cycle: the 1st loop with reporting - analysis - decision - implementation - follow-up, and the 2nd loop on an aggregated basis. For each step, the dimensions considered the most relevant for the learning process (scope, quality, timing and information distribution) and for each dimens
A new class of chiral non-racemic gamma- and delta-amino alcohols based on bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane and bicyclo[2.2.2]octane have been synthesized and used as catalysts in the asymmetric diethylzinc addition to benzaldehyde. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
This work compares the extent of linear response regions from standard time-resolving optical detectors for phosphor thermometry. Different types of photomultipliers (ordinary and time-gated) as well as an avalanche photodiode were tested and compared using the phosphorescence decay time of cadmium tungstate (CdWO4). Effects originating from incipient detector saturation are revealed as a change i
Fetal cell replacement therapy or in utero hematopoietic cell transplantation (IUHCT) is proposed as a non-myeloablative alternative to bone marrow transplantation (BMT) for a number of inborn immunologic, hematologic and metabolic disorders. IUHCT represents the method through which variable amounts of natural or genetically modified hematopoietic cells can be transferred to the fetal recipient i
Systems based on bag-of-words models from image features collected at maxima of sparse interest point operators have been used successfully for both computer visual object and action recognition tasks. While the sparse, interest-point based approach to recognition is not inconsistent with visual processing in biological systems that operate in 'saccade and fixate' regimes, the methodology and emph
Background: Following the 2007 precise measurements of monopole strengths in tin isotopes, there has been a continuous theoretical effort to obtain a precise description of the experimental results. Up to now, there is no satisfactory explanation of why the tin nuclei appear to be significantly softer than Pb-208. Purpose: We determine the influence of finite-range and separable pairing interactio
We use one-loop Heavy Meson Chiral Perturbation Theory (HMChPT) as well as a relativistic formulation to calculate the chiral logarithms m(pi)(2) log (m(pi)(2)/mu(2)) contributing to the formfactors of the semileptonic B -> pi decays at momentum transfer q(2) away from q(max)(2) = (m(B) - m(pi))(2). We give arguments why this chiral behaviour is reliable even in the energy regime with hard or fast
Background In many scientific domains, it is becoming increasingly common to collect high-dimensional data sets, often with an exploratory aim, to generate new and relevant hypotheses. The exploratory perspective often makes statistically guided visualization methods, such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA), the methods of choice. However, the clarity of the obtained visualizations, and thereby
Through the integrated framework of participation theory and political economy, this article analyzes participatory opportunities in the virtual world Habbo Hotel, and how participation is constrained and framed by the producer’s commercial strategies, which are based on advertising and sales of virtual goods. The study also looks into the ways in which the producer Sulake Corporation discursively
Background We evaluated the accuracy and repeatability of a 3D method for polyethylene acetabular cup wear measurements using computed tomography (CT). We propose that the method be used for clinical in vivo assessment of wear in acetabular cups. Material and methods Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene cups with a titanium mesh molded on the outside were subjected to wear using a hip simulato
The outstanding properties of graphene, a single graphite layer, render it a top candidate for substituting silicon in future electronic devices, The so far exploited synthesis approaches, however, require conditions typically achieved in specialized laboratories and result in graphene sheets whose electronic properties are often altered by interactions with substrate materials. The development of
Quantifying the water exchange between a forest stand and the atmosphere is of major interest for the prediction of future growth conditions and the planning of silvicultural treatments. In the present study, we address (i) the uncertainties of sap flow estimations at the tree level and (ii) the performance of the simulation of stand transpiration. Terrestrial laser scan images (TLS) of a mature b
Purpose – This paper aims to discuss a new tool for requirements gathering in the Web 2.0 era. It seeks to investigate the features that this kind of tool should have in order to be as widely applicable and useful as possible. Further, it aims to explore the extent to which business requirements for enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems can be collected and discussed collaboratively in a worl
Stimulation of innovation is a hot topic around the world. The developed economies are nowadays significantly dependent on innovation for further growth. One central source of innovation is universities and their ability to turn new knowledge into value-adding innovations. One of these technology transfer measures is through the creation of university spinoffs (USOs). High-tech startups, however,
Sedan Sovjetunionens fall har Ryssland försökt att åter bli den stormakt de en gång var. Tidigt insåg den ryska staten att deras största tillgång var deras enorma energiresurser. Således fanns det starka initiativ till att bedriva en expansiv energipolitik men det som vid en första anblick anses vara ett ekonomiskt projekt kan ofta ha en dold agenda. I den här uppsatsen undersöks huruvida den rysk
Människohandeln är ett mångbottnat problem som får allt högre prioritet på den internationella agendan. Marknadsekonomiska principer om utbud och efterfrågan och social utsatthet som grund till offrens tillgänglighet och en ständigt växande globalisering ger upphov till nya vägar för brottslighetens expansion. Oavsett vilka orsakerna är, så är konsekvenserna förödande. Människors förmåga att utnytHuman trafficking is a multifaceted problem at the heart of the priorities of the international agenda. Principles of market economy with supply and demand and social vulnerability as a condition for the accessibility of victims, together with a constantly growing globalization contributes to this reprehensible phenomenon in today’s society. Regardless of which the reasons are, the consequences ar
Rekryteringen och användandet av barnsoldater regleras bland annat i TP I och II och i barnkonventionen med tillhörande fakultativa protokoll. Dessutom finns en mängd resolutioner från säkerhetsrådet på området. Tillsammans ger dessa instrument barn i väpnad konflikt ett visst skydd. Men fortfarande utnyttjas barn i stor utsträckning i konflikter, både av stater och av icke-statliga grupper. I uThe recruitment and use of child soldiers is regulated in, among other instruments, TP I and II and in the child convention and it’s optional protocols. There are also various resolutions from the security council on the topic. Together these instruments provide children in armed conflict with some protection. Unfortunately, despite the regulations in international law, children are used in confli
