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Domestic violence against women is a problem. The purpose of this study was to examine why that is by looking at possible background sources. We have also looked at what kind of support that is available for the abused women and men with this kind of violent behavior. More specifically our aim was to find out how the socialworkers and one abused women think about the support available for these me

The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate volatility forecasts by testing the predictive power of implied volatility vis-à-vis model based forecasts. Furthermore we test if implied volatility contains any additional information beyond that captured by the model based forecasts. A number of time series models are fitted to historical data. The fitted models are then used to forecast volatility. The

The European Union is in many ways a huge and vast organization. With an increasing number of members and a deeper cooperation in many areas, the EU constantly needs to change to adapt to new opportunities and challenges. But in parallel to this development there is an entirely different debate, one that concerns the democratic legitimacy of the cooperation as a whole. The European Union is unique

As a growing number of popular films continue to document development issues related international development, it became ever more crucial to move beyond treating these films as mere sort of entertainments and start questioning how these popular commercial films are representing the developing world as well as the messages embedded in them. Some critics have pointed out that these Hollywood-produ

Corruption has been around for centuries. Cross-border direct investments just for decades. Recent empirical research has found, that countries with rising corruption witness a decline in foreign direct investments. Poland is a paradox in this matter as both corruption and foreign investments are rising. This paper tries to find an answer to that question through examining the relationship between

We study a scenario where a monitor is interested in the freshest possible update from a remote sensor. The monitor also seeks to minimize the number of updates that exceed a certain freshness threshold, beyond which, the information is deemed to be too old. Previous work has presented results for First Come First Served (FCFS) systems. However, it has been shown that Last Come First Served (LCFS)

Designing building form in urban areas is a complicated process that demands considering a high number of influencing parameters. On the other hand, there has been an increasing trend to design highly fenestrated building envelopes for office buildings to induce higher levels of natural lighting into the workspace. This paper presents a novel optimization framework to design high-performance build

In this work we present results from spectroscopic observations of Galactic centre stars. High resolution stellar spectroscopy can be used to determine accurate stellar metallicities and abundances. Observing stars in the Galactic centre is challenging due to extreme extinction. However, observing bright M giants in the K band is viable with 10 m telescopes, which is what has been carried out in t

Recent studies have highlighted that oscillatory and time-dependent shear flows might help increase the flowability of dense suspensions. While most focus has been on cross-flows we here study a simple two-dimensional suspensions where we apply simultaneously oscillatory and stationary shear along the same direction. We first show that the dissipative viscosities in this set-up significantly decre

Objective The basis for protein synthesis is the genetic code. Many of these proteins will affect intermediary metabolites by acting as enzymes, hormones, or by other actions. The aim of the present study was to assess the relationships of a large number of proteins with endogenous metabolites. Methods Plasma protein levels were measured by the proximity extension assay (PEA) and metabolites by ma

Background: The potential doubling time of a tumor has been suggested to be a measurement of tumor aggressiveness; therefore, it is of interest to find reliable methods to estimate this time. Because of variability in length of the various cell cycle phases, stochastic modeling of the cell cycle might be a suitable approach. Methods: The relative movement curve and the DNA synthesis time were esti

Popular Abstract in Swedish Sedering vid respiratorbehandling inom intensivvård ? praxis av sedering och patienters minnen, påfrestande upplevelser och psykologiska problem Akut svårt sjuka patienter i behov av respiratorbehandling på en intensivvårds-avdelning (IVA) utsätts för akut stress och diverse obehag från sjukdomen och/eller skadan, behandlingen, andningstuben och IVA-miljön. MinnesstörnThe overall aim of this thesis was to describe and determine intensive care sedation in adult mechanically ventilated patients with the emphasis on patients? memory, stressful experiences and psychological distress. The results are based on a nationwide postal survey (Paper I) including 89 Swedish intensive care units (ICUs) followed by a prospective cohort study (Papers II?IV) conducted over 18 m

Background: Low-level processing and normalization of microarray data are most important steps in microarray analysis, which have profound impact on downstream analysis. Multiple methods have been suggested to date, but it is not clear which is the best. It is therefore important to further study the different normalization methods in detail and the nature of microarray data in general. Results: A

The main contributions of this thesis are in the area of approximation and online algorithm design and derivation of lower bounds on the approximability for a number of combinatorial optimization problems with applications in computational biology and computational geometry. Approximation and online algorithms are fundamental tools used to deal with computationally hard problems and problems in wh

There exists compelling experimental evidence in numerous systems for logarithmically slow time evolution, yet its full theoretical understanding remains elusive. We here introduce and study a generic transition process in complex systems, based on nonrenewal, aging waiting times. Each state n of the system follows a local clock initiated at t = 0. The random time tau between clock ticks follows t

The mechanisms by which melanin-based colour polymorphism can evolve and be maintained in wild populations are poorly known. Theory predicts that colour morphs have differential sensitivity to environmental conditions. Recently it has been proposed that colour polymorphism covaries genetically with intrinsic and behavioural properties. Plumage moult is a costly and crucial somatic maintenance func

Most stars form in some sort of stellar cluster or association. In such environments the number density of stars is much higher than in the solar neighbourhood, which means that close encounters between stars may be relatively common. Using numerical simulations we quantify the fraction of single stars in the solar neighbourhood that have never suffered a close encounter or been part of a binary s

Background Respiratory tract infections are the most common reason for antibiotic prescription in Sweden as in other countries. The prescription rates vary markedly in different countries, counties and municipalities. The reasons for these variations in prescription rate are not obvious. Aim To find possible explanations for different antibiotic prescription rates in children. Design of study Pros

We determine stability and attractor properties of random Boolean genetic network models with canalyzing rules for a variety of architectures. For all power law, exponential, and flat in-degree distributions, we find that the networks are dynamically stable. Furthermore, for architectures with few inputs per node, the dynamics of the networks is close to critical. In addition, the fraction of gene