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Lipid bilayers are of interest in applications where a cell membrane mimicking environment is desired. The performance of the lipid bilayer is largely dependent on the physical and chemical properties of the component lipids. Lipid bilayers consisting of phytanoyl lipids have proven to be appropriate choices since they exhibit high mechanical and chemical stability. In addition, such bilayers have
Insulin resistance is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes, an increasingly common disorder. The cause of insulin resistance is supposedly failures in the processes used by insulin to signal to the interior of its target cells. These failing steps are still unknown, most probably because of incomplete knowledge of how the insulin signals are transmitted. Since insulin resistance is strongly linked to obe
The enzymatic degradation of plant polysaccharides is a process of fundamental importance in nature which involves a wide range of enzymes. In this work, the structure and function of hemicellulose-degrading enzymes was investigated. The focus was on a beta-mannanase (TrMan5A) produced by the filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei. This enzyme is composed of a catalytic module and a carbohydrate-bi
The enzymatic degradation of wood polysaccharides such as cellulose and hemicellulose is an important process in nature. In addition, cellulases and hemicellulases can be used in industrial applications. Fuel ethanol can potentially be produced from wood by enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose followed by yeast fermentation of the formed sugars. In this thesis, fungal glycoside hydrolases, cellulase
Popular Abstract in Swedish Våra kroppar är uppbyggda av celler. Dessa celler har olika funktioner beroende på var i kroppen de finns. Varje cell tar upp näring, omvandlar den till energi, och energin används för att cellen ska kunna fortleva och utöva specialiserade funktioner samt eventuellt reproducera sig. Kolhydrater är viktiga beståndsdelar i celler. De flesta av oss förknippar kolhydrater Proteoglycans (PGs) is a class of highly anionic macromolecules that consist of one or more linear polysaccharide chains (glycosaminoglycans, GAGs) covalently attached to a core protein. The biological functions of PGs are mainly due to the interactions of GAG chains with various protein ligands and regulatory factors, such as cytokines and growth factors. PGs and GAGs are critical for a diverse s
Among the formats introduced in Swedish radio in the 1930s, the theatre series about contemporary family life has turned out an exceptional survivor. The first family series, ”Ingenjör Björck med familj” (1936-1943), was followed by 22 related series during the rest of the 20th century, each cultivating its own intimate and ritual based bond with the listeners. The dissertation ”Höra hemma. Familj
Popular Abstract in Swedish Att vara kritisk till våra dagars medier är en självklarhet, medan 1800-talets presspionjärer däremot har fått behålla hjältestatusen. I "Pressen i provinsen" tecknas den moderna pressens genombrott dock som en utdragen och långtifrån entydig process. Från att på 1700-talet ha varit arenor där alla hade rätten att delta i det upplysta samtalet, blev tidningarna under böThis study treats ideas of how newspapers should be edited, from the middle of the 18th century to the middle of the 19th century. It deals both with notions of communication and how these were carried out. The empirical focus is on the Swedish province Östergötland and its two main cities, the ecclesiastical, military and administrative Linköping and the mercantile and financially important Norrk
Popular Abstract in Swedish Grundvatten, det vatten som förekommer i hålrum i underjorden, är en av våra allra viktigaste naturresurser. Grundvattnet utgör den absolut största andelen för oss tillgängligt färskvatten och används för att producera mat och som processvatten inom olika industrier. Ungefär hälften av jordens dricksvattenförsörjning baseras på grundvattenuttag och ekosystem världen övePesticides are known to occur in groundwater worldwide. However, long-term pollution concerns and cause-effect relationships for specific regions remain limited. This thesis explores the occurrence of pesticides in south-Swedish groundwater, with the aims of providing a better knowledge basis for assessment and management of present-day and future pollution risks. The investigations are restricted
In order to explore verbal-nonverbal integration, we investigated the influence of cognitive and linguistic ability on gaze behavior during spoken language conversation between children with mild-to-moderate hearing impairment (HI) and normal-hearing (NH) peers. Ten HI-NH and 10 NH-NH dyads performed a referential communication task requiring description of faces. During task performance, eye move
Rainflow cycles are often used in fatigue analysis of materials for describing the variability of applied loads. Therefore, an important characteristic of a random load process is the intensity of rainflow cycles, also called the expected rainflow matrix (RFM), which can be used for evaluation of the fatigue life. In this thesis mainly two problems are addressed: the first is computation of the ex
Telephone service in Argentina has since its beginning been characterized as one of the most developed in South America. Regarding its development, two distinct periods can be identified. An initial period of private ownership extended from 1878 to 1946. In 1946, when the largest telephone company was bought by the state, a period of predominant state-ownership began that lasted until 1990 when th
Water-based copolymer dispersions were prepared using methyl methacrylate (MMA), ethyl acrylate (EA) (MMA/EA = 1:2), and a series of nonionic polymerizable surfactants, i.e., "surfmers" based on poly(ethylene glycol)-(meth)acrylates. The latexes were compared with the behavior of a conventionally stabilized (nonionic nonylphenol ethoxylate, NP100 with 84 ethylene oxide units) dispersion with the s
Aim: Colorectal cancer is the third most common form of cancer in the industrial countries. Due to advances regarding the treatments, primarily development of improved surgical methods and the ability to make the earlier diagnosis, the mortality has remained constant during the past decades even though the incidence in fact has increased. To improve chemotherapy and enable personalised treatment,
1. Quantitative reconstruction of past vegetation distribution and abundance from sedimentary pollen records provides an important baseline for understanding long term ecosystem dynamics and for the calibration of earth system process models such as regional-scale climate models, widely used to predict future environmental change. Most current approaches assume that the amount of pollen produced b
Popular Abstract in Swedish Proteiner är en av kroppens viktigaste beståndsdelar. Proteiner bygger upp stabila nätverk för att cellerna ska ha sin rätta form, de transporterar in vatten, salt och andra molekyler in i cellerna så att vi kan ta upp näring och de katalyserar kemiska reaktioner. Proteiner är uppbyggda av aminosyror som binds ihop till en kedja och som sedan veckar ihop sig så att protSeveral neurodegenerative diseases are caused by peptides or proteins forming amyloid fibrils such as the Aβ peptide involved in Alzheimer’s disease and the huntingtin exon-1 with a prolonged polyglutamine (polyQ) stretch involved in Huntington’s disease. The ability to form amyloid fibrils is an intrinsic feature in all proteins. The fibrils are built up of monomers to form elongated structures w
Popular Abstract in Swedish Den vanligaste dödsorsaken i västvärlden är hjärt-kärlsjukdom. Därför finns det ett stort intresse att undersöka vilka faktorer som är av avgörande betydelse för att vi ska utveckla t.ex ateroskleros (åderförkalkning). Spelar livsstil och matvanor någon roll eller är det helt och hållet genetiskt betingat? Utvecklingen av förebyggande åtgärder, operationsteknik och post
The objectives of this dissertation are 1) to describe what child protection services actually do when assessing risk and deciding on interventions, and 2) to analyze this practice in the light of institutional expectations, organizational demands and professional technology. The field work was carried out in two Danish municipal social service agencies. Data consist of records on families subject
Increased research is being driven by the automotive industry facing challenges, requiring to comply with both current and future emissions legislation, and to lower the fuel consumption. The reason for this legislation is to restrict the harmful pollution which every year causes 3.3 million premature deaths worldwide [1]. One factor that causes this pollution is NOx emissions. NOx emission legisl
Popular Abstract in Swedish I Sverige bestäms fastighetsgränsers sträckningar i första hand av gränsmärken på marken, därefter av förrättningskartor och mätuppgifter. Under senare år har efterfrågan på digital fastighetsinformation ökat kraftigt, inte minst beträffande lägesnoggranna gränsdata i den nationella registerkartan. Den utvecklade positioneringstekniken med GPS utgör idag en grundförutsäIn Sweden, the course of a property boundary is first and foremost determined by boundary marks on the ground, and only secondly by cadastral survey plans and measurements. In recent years, the demand for digital property information has increased substantially, not least in respect of accurate boundary data in the national cadastral map. Today, well-established techniques such as GPS positioning
