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This paper studies a newly developing relationship of closer collaboration between a buyer and supplier of a low complexity product, which cannot be considered strategic but of high volume, in the grocery retailing industry, The reason for studying this relationship is that the buyer has decided to go through with is program aimed at establishing is closer relationship with the supplier in the ca
Although it is generally anticipated that innovation as such leads to regional prosperity (Asheim et al. 2011) there is lack of empirical evidence that confirms the direct linkage between the innovation capabilities of regions and welfare increase. It is suggested that entrepreneurship can be seen as a missing link that helps to transfer innovations into business outcomes (Braun et al. 2012). The
During the last decades the need to control the paper production process has grown, due to the technological development and the continuing increases in quality demands. Recent development of sensors and fast, high-capacity computers open up new possibilities for the development of high capacity monitoring systems for the paper industry. Optical methods have advantages for performing fast and high
The thesis deals with determination of the post peak behaviour of wood in pure tension and pure shear. Furhermore, the "Fictitious Crack Model" (FCM), which is a nonlinear fracture mechanics model ; originally developed for description of crack propagation in concrete, is employed to demonstrate the advantages of non linear fracture mechanics. A testing arrangement is presented with which the comp
The thesis is based on the data analysis and detector development of the EMU01/CERN, E863/BNL and UA1/CERN experiments. Particle fluctuations are studied with the scaled factorial moments in the fragmentation region of oxygen-induced emulsion interactions from 3.7 to 200 A GeV. The intermittency indices show an energy independent behaviour in the target and projectile regions of pseudorapidity. I
The main motivation for this thesis, however not the only one, is the search for models for traffic in telecommunication networks. Traffic characterization and modeling are of great importance in the analysis and dimensioning of communication systems. During the last decades we have experienced an explosive growth of our telecommunication networks. New important properties, both on macroscopic and
Many problems concerning resource management in modern communication systems can be simplified to queueing models under Markovian assumptions. The computation of the optimal policy is however often hindered by the curse of dimensionality especially for models that support multiple traffic or job classes. The research focus naturally turns to computationally efficient bounds and high performance he
Much research on SMEs is aimed at researching SMEs after the fact that they have become SMEs. However all SMEs as well as larger companies start as an idea in the head or heads of one or many persons - the prospective entrepreneurs. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how SMEs can be created by transforming ideas into real companies. More specifically we will investigate if and how Univers
We study the nature of the [Ti II] and [Ni II] emission from the so-called strontium filament found in the ejecta of eta Carinae. To this purpose, we employ multilevel models of the Ti II and Ni II systems, which are used to investigate the physical condition of the filament and the excitation mechanisms of the observed lines. For the Ti II ion, for which no atomic data were previously available,
Measurements of the W±→ℓ±ν and Z→ℓ+ℓ− production cross sections (where ℓ±=e±,μ±) in proton–proton collisions at s=13 TeV are presented using data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 81 pb−1. The total inclusive W±-boson production cross sections times the single-lepton-flavour branching ratios are σW+ tot=11.83±0.02 (stat
The purpose of this study is to elucidate affordances and meaning-making processes where students in Compulsory lower secondary education learn to play music together in music class. The data consists of a series of observed music lessons, performances and stimulated recall interviews in two 8th form classes, video recorded in the course of one term. The analysis focuses on students’ and their tea
Background: Heavy-flavor modification in relativistic p(d) + A collisions are sensitive to different kinds of strong-interaction physics ranging from modifications of the nuclear wave function to initial- and final-state energy loss. Modifications to single heavy-flavor particles and their decay leptons at midrapidity and forward rapidity are well established at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
The PYTHIA program is a standard tool for the generation of events in high-energy collisions, comprising a coherent set of physics models for the evolution from a few-body hard process to a complex multiparticle final state. It contains a library of hard processes, models for initial- and final-state parton showers, matching and merging methods between hard processes and parton showers, multiparto
The objective of this study was to examine to what extent ergonomics simulations of manual assembly tasks correctly predict the real outcomes in the plants and if recommended measures originating from ergonomics simulations are taken into consideration. 155 ergonomics simulation cases were used in the study and all cases were performed by nine simulation engineers at Volvo Car Corporation in Gothe
The aim of this study is to explore if and how library managers market their competence in communication with local politicians. It is also our aim to find a definition of the competence of librarians. The report identifies and describes problems and possibilities with marketing of competence to politicians on the basis of one Swedish municipality's library managers. In order to fulfil this a
Behovet av effektiviseringar för lagföringen av personer som har begått brott har länge diskuterats framförallt ur ett effektiviserings perspektiv men även ur ett processekonomiskt perspektiv. Stora och komplicerade mål skapar långa och resurskrävande utredningar som dessutom låter den misstänkte sväva i ovisshet under en lång tid. Ett förslag som har diskuterats men som än så länge avskrivits äThe need to make the process in which persons who have committed crimes are brought to justice has long been discussed from a efficiency perspective but also from a process economical perspective. Large and complicated cases create long and costly investigations and also make the suspects linger in uncertainty for a long time. One alternative that has been discussed but so far discarded is the i
Opaline silica deposits on Mars may be good target sites where organic biosignatures could be preserved. Potential analogues on Earth are provided by ancient cherts containing carbonaceous material (CM) permineralized by silica. In this study, we investigated the ultrastructure and chemical characteristics of CM in the Rhynie chert (c. 410 Ma, UK), Bitter Springs Formation (c. 820 Ma, Australia),
