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Background: When discontinuation in COPD randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is unevenly distributed between treatments (differential dropout), the capacity to demonstrate treatment effects may be reduced. We investigated the impact of the time of differential dropout on exacerbation outcomes in RCTs, in relation to study duration and COPD severity. Methods: A post hoc analysis of 2,345 patients f

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of a culturally adapted lifestyle intervention for changing dietary intake, particularly energy, fat and fibre intakes, in the intervention group (IG) compared with the control group (CG). Design: Randomised controlled trial. Setting: IG (n 50) and CG (n 46). The IG was offered seven group sessions, including one cooking class, over a period of 4 months.

Context and Objective: Metabolic and body compositional consequences of GH deficiency (GHD) in adults are associated with a phenotype similar to the metabolic syndrome (MetS). Patients: We assessed MetS prevalence in adult GHD patients (n = 2531) enrolled in the Hypopituitary Control and Complications Study. Prevalence was assessed at baseline and after 3 yr of GH replacement in a subset of 346 ad

Risk management is increasingly used in dam safety and includes risk analysis, risk evaluation and risk reduction. Structural Reliability Analysis (SRA) is a probabilistic methodology that may be used in the risk assessment process. SRA has been frequently used for calibration of partial factors in limit state design codes for structures (not dams). In a reliability analysis a mathematical descrip

OBJECTIVES: Testicular germ-cell cancer (TGCC) patients are at risk of developing hypogonadism but no risk factors have yet been defined. METHODS: Blood was collected from 143 TGCC patients (after orchidectomy, prior to further therapy (T0) and 6, 12, 24, 36 and 60 months (T6, T12, T24, T36 and T60) after therapy). Biological hypogonadism (BH) was defined as: serum testosterone below 10 nmol/l and

BACKGROUND: European guidelines recommend the use of a 0h/1h hs-cTn (high-sensitivity cardiac troponin) protocol in patients with acute chest pain. We aimed to determine the performance of this protocol in routine care when supplemented with patient history and ECG and a recommendation to refrain from noninvasive testing in low-risk patients.METHODS AND RESULTS: This was a pre- and postimplementat

Background Elite athletes are role models for young sportspersons regarding social media use. Self-objectification, including self-sexualizing, contributes to body dissatisfaction and body shame, especially in young females. For efficient prevention of self-objectification, knowledge is needed about elite athletes’ self-presentation on social media.Objective To compare social media postings indica

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a medical condition with important consequences for women’s well-being and reproductive outcomes. Although the etiology of PCOS is not fully understood, there is increasing evidence of both genetic and environmental determinants, including development in early life. We studied a population of 977,637 singleton women born in in Sweden between 1973 and 1995, follo

Objectives Patients ≥65 years old represent 30%-50% of all ambulance assignments (AAs), and the knowledge of which care level they are disposed to is limited and diverging. The aim of this study was therefore to describe and compare characteristics of patients' aged ≥65 years dispositions during AA, including determining changes over time and factors associated with non-conveyance to hospitals. De

Sleep apnea is increasing in prevalence, and is an important cause of cardiometabolic diseases and mortality worldwide. Its only established modifiable risk factor is obesity; however, up to half of all sleep apnea cases may occur in non-obese persons, and hence there is a pressing need to identify other modifiable risk factors to facilitate more effective prevention. We sought to examine, for the

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate differences in clinical appearance and survival rates in patients operated on for adenocarcinoma in the distal esophagus with and without Barrett epithelium.DESIGN: Prospective clinical study.SETTING: University hospital, Sweden.PATIENTS: Fifty-four patients with adenocarcinoma in the distal esophagus with (n = 17) or without (n = 37) Barrett epithelium.INTERVENTION: Esophag

OBJECTIVES: Preterm birth has been linked with increased risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD); however, potential causality, sex-specific differences, and association with early term birth are unclear. We examined whether preterm and early term birth are associated with ASD in a large population-based cohort. METHODS: A national cohort study was conducted of all 4 061 795 singleton infants born

OBJECTIVES: To compare treatment retention and response to secukinumab vs adalimumab, including the other four TNF inhibitors (TNFi) as comparators, in PsA. METHODS: All patients with PsA starting secukinumab or a TNFi in 2015-2018 were identified in the biologic registers of the Nordic countries. Data on comorbidities were linked from national registers. One-year treatment retention and hazard ra

Objective: We studied a cohort of patients with nonsyndromic complete atrioventricular septal defect with and without concomitant complex cardiac anatomy and compared the outcomes after surgical repair. Methods: Between 1993 and 2018, 62 nonsyndromic patients underwent complete atrioventricular septal defect repair. Sixteen patients (26%) had complex complete atrioventricular septal defect with va

Background: Almost 1/3 of heart failure patients fail to respond to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). A simple clinical score to predict who these patients are at the moment of referral or at time of implant may be of importance for early optimization of their management. Methods: Observational study. A risk score was derived from factors associated to CRT response. The derivation cohort wa

Background: Perlecan is a heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) constituent of the extracellular matrix with roles in cell growth, differentiation, and angiogenesis. The role of the HS side chains in regulating invivo angiogenesis after hind-limb ischemia is unknown. Methods: Heparan sulfate (HS)-deficient perlecan (Hspg2 δ3/δ3 ) mice (n= 35), containing normal perlecan core protein but deficient i

Background: Environmental and genetic factors possibly trigger thyroid autoimmunity. Studies on perinatal risk factors for childhood thyroid autoimmunity are sparse.Objectives: The aim was to investigate if perinatal factors, family history of autoimmune diseases, and HLA-DQ genotypes contribute to thyroid autoimmunity in the Diabetes Prediction in Skåne (DiPiS) study.Methods: Samples from 1,874 t

Background: The diagnosis and treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) may impact mental health. We investigated the long-term risk of psychiatric disorders among survivors of ALL in a population-based cohort study. Methods: We identified patients diagnosed with ALL in Denmark and Sweden before age 20 during 1982–2008. Survivors of ALL (n = 2026), their siblings (n = 3027), and po

Rapporten är ett examinerande moment i kursen Brandteknisk riskvärdering. Syftet med rapporten är att utvärdera personsäkerheten vid brand för besökarna på Halmstadtravet och ge förslag på eventuella förbättringar. Syftet är även att studenterna ska tränas i sin ingenjörsmässiga förmåga. I byggnaden som utvärderas finns bland annat restaurang, kök, sittplatsläktare och caféverksamhet. Det redogörThe report is an examination element of the course Brandteknisk riskvärdering. The purpose of the report is to evaluate human safety of visitors in case of fire at the racetrack Halmstadtravet and suggest possible solutions if the human safety is deemed insufficient. The purpose is also to train the students in their engineering capability. The method is to choose several fire scenarios that chal

Sammanfattning I Sverige råder ett strikt krav på konsensus när det gäller beslutanderätten vid gemensam vårdnad av barn. Detta innebär att vårdnadshavarna tvingas komma överens om princip alla frågor med undantag för den dagliga omsorgen vad gäller barnet. När vårdnadshavarna inte längre bor tillsammans efter exempel- vis en äktenskapsskillnad, finns samma samstämmighet dem emellan kanske inte lSummary In Swedish law, joint legal custody generally entails a strict requirement of con- sensus in decisions concerning the child. The basic precondition is that both parents must agree on almost all matters. An exeption from this condition can however be made in matters concerning the daily care. The housing parent has in these matters autonomy to decide. After for example a divorce, it can of