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Background No effective standard treatment exists for patients with radioiodine-refractory, advanced differentiated thyroid carcinoma. We aimed to assess efficacy and safety of vandetanib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor of RET, VEGFR and EGFR signalling, in this setting. Methods In this randomised, double-blind, phase 2 trial, we enrolled adults (aged >= 18 years) with locally advanced or metastatic
IMPORTANCE: The introduction of solid or semisolid foods alongside breast milk plays a vital role in meeting nutritional requirements during early childhood, which is crucial for child growth and development. Understanding the prevalence of zero-food children (defined for research purposes as children aged 6 to 23 months who did not consume animal milk, formula, or solid or semisolid food during t
Purpose: Glaucoma is a heterogeneous group of optic neuropathies that potentially may be associated with other cerebral neurodegenerative processes leading to dementia. However, prior studies have been inconsistent. We examined dementia risks after glaucoma diagnosis in a large population-based cohort. Design: National matched cohort study. Participants: A total of 324 730 persons diagnosed with g
Background: Understanding the relationship among changes in Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR), patient outcomes, and probability of progression is crucial for evaluating the long-term benefits of disease-modifying treatments. We examined associations among changes in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) stages and outcomes that are important to patients and their care partners including activities of daily livin
Fat-soluble vitamin D is an essential bioactive compound important for human health. Insufficient vitamin D levels can result not only in bone disease but also in other disorders, such as cancer, metabolic disorders, and diseases related to poor immune function. The current methods commonly used for vitamin D analysis are often applied to determine the levels of the most abundant metabolite in pla
OBJECTIVE: To study cause specific mortality and cancer morbidity in workers exposed to the dust of grinding materials, grinding agents, and stainless steel, especially with regard to a possibly increased risk of respiratory, stomach, and colorectal cancer. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study, using reference cohorts of blue collar workers and population rates for comparison. The exposed cohort c
Background: Conservative management is an option for prostate cancer (PCa) patients either with the objective of delaying or even avoiding curative therapy, or to wait until palliative treatment is needed. PIONEER, funded by the European Commission Innovative Medicines Initiative, aims at improving PCa care across Europe through the application of big data analytics. Objective: To describe the cli
Context. Multi-planet systems are important sources of information regarding the evolution of planets. However, the long-period planets in these systems often escape detection. These objects in particular may retain more of their primordial characteristics compared to close-in counterparts because of their increased distance from the host star. HD 22946 is a bright (G = 8.13 mag) late F-type star
Background: Sports function and psychological readiness to return to sports (RTS) are important outcomes when evaluating rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). It is, however, unclear which specific factors contribute most to these outcomes. Purpose: To determine associations between demographic characteristics, objective measurements of physical function, patient-r
Background: Retrospective comparative studies suggest a survival benefit after complete local treatment of recurrence (LTR) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), which may be largely due to an indication bias. Objective: To determine the role of LTR in a homogeneous population characterised by limited and potentially resectable recurrence. Design, setting, and participants: RECUR is a protocol-based mult
Background:The optimal treatment of displaced femoral neck fractures in patients 55 to 70 years old remains controversial. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of closed reduction and internal fixation with cannulated screws (IF) compared with total hip arthroplasty (THA) on hip pain and function, with use of data for outcome measures, complications, and reoperations.Methods:This
Background: The risk of sustaining a graft rupture after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is high. Contributing risk factors are, however, still not clearly identified. Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to identify and quantify risk factors for graft rupture after ACLR. Methods: A systematic review with meta-analysis (PROSPERO CRD42020140129) based on PRISMA guidelin
Background: The marine thermophilic bacterium Rhodothermus marinus can degrade many polysaccharides which makes it interesting as a future cell factory. Progress using this bacterium has, however, been hampered by limited knowledge on media and conditions for biomass production, often resulting in low cell yields and low productivity, highlighting the need to develop conditions that allow stu
Background: Benefits of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programme components on attaining risk factor targets post-myocardial infarction (MI) and their predictive strength relative to patient characteristics remain unclear. We aimed to identify organizational and patient-level predictors of risk factor target attainment at one-year post-MI. Methods: In this observational study data on CR organization
Intermittent Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)((1-34)) has an established place in osteoporosis treatment, but also shows promising results in models of bone repair. Previous studies have been dominated by closed fracture models, where union is certain. One of the major clinical needs for anabolic therapies is the treatment of open and high energy fractures at risk of non-union. In the present study we th
Background: Podocalyxin-like 1 (PODXL) is a cell-adhesion glycoprotein and stem cell marker that has been associated with an aggressive tumour phenotype and adverse outcome in several cancer types. We recently demonstrated that overexpression of PODXL is an independent factor of poor prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of this study was to validate these results in two additional indepen
The complement system, a part of the innate immune system with several links to the adaptive immune system, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many diseases. The purpose of this thesis was to document and clarify some of these mechanisms. The thesis is based on four papers (I-IV). (I and II) Autoantibodies to the C3 cleaving enzyme complex of the alternative pathway, C3 nephritic facto
The aim of this thesis was to elucidate developments in epidemiology, clinical manifestations and complications in Chlamydia trachomatis (C.trachomatis) and Mycoplasma genitalium (M.genitalium) infection. In study I the frequencies of non-gonococcal salpingitis, gonococcal salpingitis and ectopic pregnancy (EP) were observed over a period of 28 years and correlated to the prevalence of Neisseria g
