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Bulleremission från vägtrafik är på många ställen i Sverige ett påtagligt problem. Många fastigheter och rekreationsområden ligger så nära vägnätet att de utsattas hälsa och livskvalitet riskerar att försämras vid långvarig exponering. Att åtgärda bullerproblematiken direkt vid källan med en lågbullerbeläggning är idag en stor strävan på många platser. Detta ef-tersom de traditionella åtgärderna sNoise from road traffic is a significant problem in many places in Sweden. A lot of properties and recreational areas are so close to the road network that the health and quality of life of the exposed are at risk of deterioration. Addressing the noise problem directly at the source with a low noise road surface is a great endeavor in many places today. This is because the traditional measures suc

The motivation behind the project was to examine if and how the product attachment value could be prolonged through the form and features of the product. Existing research and literature was used to form an understanding on how we value our belongings, from this four general determinants where clear: pleasure, self-expression, group affiliation and memory. They, together with the study of ordinar

Private equity is a growing global phenomena and private equity companies have become a major force in many of Sweden’s industries. These companies own portfolio companies which together employs around 190 000 people and have an annual revenue of over 318 billion SEK. The purpose of this thesis was to describe and analyze the Swedish private equity industry and individual companies’ competitive st

“Only in the most technical sense is this a case about who may penetrate whom where. At a practical and symbolical level it is about the status, moral citizenship and sense of self-worth of a significant section of the community.” Justice Albie Sachs, National Coalition for Gay and Lesbian Equality and Another v Minister of Justice and Others 1999 (1) SA 6, para. 107 More than 70 years after th

Problem description: A vast amount of research has been done on outsourcing due to the trend of outsourcing activities to low-cost countries that have influenced the manufacturing industry. However, many researchers emphasize that there is not enough research conducted on the subject of insourcing decisions. Hence, it is necessary to explore this area further to create a deeper understanding of th

Att hyra lösa saker är både praktiskt och billigt. I många fall fungerar det som ett alternativ till köp. Hyra har anor långt tillbaka och kallades tidigare saklega. Något som skiljer hyresförhållandet från andra avtalstyper är hyrestagarens vårdplikt och uthyrarens bevarandeplikt. Vårdplikten innebär att hyrestagaren med omsorg ska ta hand om hyresobjektet under hela hyrestiden. Bevarandeplikten Renting movable property is both practical and cheap. In many cases it serves as an alternative to buying. Renting has ancient origins and was previously referred to as “saklega”. Two aspect that distinguishes the rental relationship from other types of contracts is the renter’s duty of care1 and the owner’s duty of preservation. The duty of care entails that the renter is responsible to take care

I maj 2022 beslutade regeringen kommittédirektiv om effektiv beskattning av orealiserade kapitalvinster, när fysiska personer flyttar ut från Sverige. Utredaren ombads undersöka möjligheten att ersätta tioårsregeln med en utflyttningsskatt, för att säkerställa att vinster som upparbetas i landet, även beskattas här. Nuvarande skattesystem med tioårsregeln dränerar den svenska skattebasen och utgörIn May 2022, the Government appointed an inquiry by committee directive on effective taxation of unrealised capital gains, when individuals emigrate from Sweden. The special commissioner was requested to consider the possibility of replacing the current tax system regarding extended tax liability, the so-called ten-year rule, by exit taxation, to ensure that profits generated in Sweden also are su

Alla fastigheter är unika, framförallt i avseendet att de inte är flyttbara och att de investeringar som görs är bestående. Trots de unika karaktärsdrag som följer med en fastighet sker de flesta värderingar med schabloniserade marknadsantaganden baserat på typ av fastighet, läge och värdeår. Följden blir att fastigheter med hållbara och miljövänliga lösningar värderas på samma sätt, och med likarAll real estates are unique, especially based on the fact that they are non-moveable and investments are long lasting. Despite the unique traits of character, most of the valuations are made using average market data, based upon the type of property, the location and the year of value. The consequence of using market standards is that properties with sustainable and environmentally friendly soluti

Huvudregeln är att anställningar ska gälla tillsvidare, detta enligt både EU-domstolens praxis och svensk rätt. I svensk rätt regleras detta i 4 § LAS. Tidsbegränsade anställningar får dock träffas för de fall som anges i 5-6 §§ LAS. Dessa regler är dispositiva och det är möjligt att göra avsteg från LAS genom specialförfattningar eller kollektivavtal. Görs detta har specialförfattning eller kolleThe main principle is that employment shall last until further notice, this is stated both by the European Court of Justice practice and Swedish law. In Swedish labor law this is regulated in the 4 § of the Employment Protection act. Fixed-term contracts can be entered into by the examples that are listed in 5-6 §§ of the Employment Protection act. These rules are dispositive rules and it’s possib

On the basis of an article recently authored by the Swedish Minister for Public Administration, the main purpose of this thesis is to examine whether contracting authorities are allowed to refer to ‘Swedish’ standards of animal welfare (whether explicitly or not) when purchasing foodstuffs, without infringing the EU rules on free movement. In making this assessment, the thesis identifies three rec

The cosmogenic radionuclides 7Be and 10Be are useful tracers for atmospheric transport studies. Combining 7Be and 10Be measurements with an atmospheric transport model can not only improve our understanding of the radionuclide transport and deposition processes but also provide an evaluation of the transport process in the model. To simulate these aerosol tracers, it is critical to evaluate the in

The Internet is a unique medium never before seen and its introduction is probably only rivalled by that of television. It is unique in the sense that every person connected to the Internet has the possibility of interacting with other people across the globe simultaneously. The tools introduced to facilitate this interaction are IP-addresses and domain names. Domain names are connected to the IP-

Public participation in environmental decision-making has been increasingly recognised in national, regional and international law in the last decades. In parallel, the World Bank - an inter-state development bank and international organisation - has developed a set of safeguard policies including provisions on public participation in environmental decision-making. Public participation is about re

När den europeiska konventionen angående skydd för de mänskliga rättig-heterna och grundläggande friheterna (EKMR) inkorporerades genom vanlig lag i svensk rätt, ville lagstiftaren inte att balansen mellan den lagstif-tande och den dömande makten skulle förskjutas. Huvudansvaret för fören-ligheten mellan EKMR och annan intern rätt föll därför på lagstiftaren, vilket manifesterades i grundlagen. KoWhen the European Convention of Human Rights and Fundamental Free-doms (ECHR) was incorporated by law in the Swedish legal system, the intent was to maintain the relation between the legislative power and judici-al power. The legislature is forbidden to legislate in violation of the ECHR. If domestic law is considered to be in conflict with the ECHR, the conflict should, if possible, be solved by

This examination work presents a proposition of a conceptual design of a demographic database for CIDS in Nicaragua. Furthermore, an implementation of this database is described. Finally a description of a method to transfer data from the current database to the new is given, together with a smaller implementation. CIDS – Center of Investigation of Demography and Health is located in Nicaragua, Le

Det råder i svensk rätt en grundläggande uppfattning om att unga lagöverträdare bör särbehandlas i påföljdssystemet på grund av bland annat deras bristande mognad och relativt stora sanktionskänslighet. Denna uppfattning kommer till uttryck såväl genom reglerna om ungdomsreduktion i 29 kap. 7 § BrB som genom de särskilda ungdomspåföljderna som utgörs av ungdomstjänst, ungdomsvård och sluten ungdomSwedish law embraces the fundamental understanding that juvenile delinquents should be treated differently from adults in the criminal penal system based in part on their undeveloped maturity and particular receptiveness to sanctions. This notion takes its expression in both the rules on youth reduction of sentences under chapter 29 § 7 BrB as well as the specific juvenile sanctions which consists

Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning: En tredjedel av våra kärlväxter, och inte mindre än två tredjedelar av de rödlistade arterna, återfinns i semi-naturliga gräsmarker. Under de senaste 150-200 åren har denna typ av område minskat med omkring 90 % i Sverige och de kvarvarande gräsmarkerna drabbas av både kvalitetsförsämringar, som följd av minskat bete, gödsling o.s.v., och av en ökad fragmenterinSemi-natural grasslands are amongst our most species rich habitat types and house many threatened plant and animal species. These grasslands suffer from both quality deteriorations due to abandonment, fertilization etc., and from an increasing landscape fragmentation. In fragmented areas patches are smaller and more isolated from each other. If the anthropogenic influence is high, then they also t

Det finns ett stort mörkertal vid våldtäkter, vilket betyder att väldigt få anmäler att de har blivit våldtagna. Överlag är det ett stort mörkertal vid sexualbrott och underökningar tyder på att endast 10-20 % av alla sexualbrott anmäls. Ett problem är att många inte vill erkänna att de blivit utsatta, vilket gör att det blir svårt att få reda på hur stort mörkertalet faktiskt är. För att få fram There is a large dark figure of rapes, which means that very few report that they have been raped. Overall is it a large dark figure of sexual crimes and it is estimated that only 10-20 % of all sexual crimes are reported. One problem is that many do not want to admit that they are exposed, so it becomes difficult to know how large the dark figure of crime actually is. To obtain the dark figure of

The pedagogic purposes and ambitions of both museums and archives are in many ways alike. Their intentions and purposes as institutions in our society are also in many ways very similar to each other, not at least when it comes to the fact that they are both working towards preserving and communicating our cultural heritage and our history. Still though the museums are much better known, recognize

Denna uppsats syftar till att utreda skillnader och likheter mellan syndikerade lån och syndikerade garantier. De garantier som behandlas är demandgarantier samt standby letters of credit. Dessa garantier är speciellt anpassade för de krav som ställs på den internationella transaktionsmarknaden. Standby letters of credit eller standby remburser har utvecklats för att motsvara demandgarantier och dThis thesis aims to investigate differences and similarities between syndicated loans and syndicated guarantees. For this purpose I have chosen to examine demand guarantees and standby letters of credit. These guarantees are especially adjusted and well suited for challenges on the international transaction market. Standby letters of credit have been developed to match demand guarantees and the sp