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Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Previous studies indicate an association between detection of Enterovirus (EV) genome in blood and the clinical onset of T1D. Insulin resistance can also represent a risk factor for progression to clinically overt T1D. This study aimed at evaluating whether there is association between both EV infection and in

Strategies to determine the removal efficiency of micropollutants in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are widely discussed. Especially the evaluation of the potential benefit of further advanced treatment steps such as an additional tertiary treatment based on ozonation or activated carbon have come into focus. Such evaluation strategies are often based on the removal behavior of known micropol

Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the impact of age at onset on the prognostic value of Alzheimer’s biomarkers in a large sample of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: We measured Aβ42, t-tau, hippocampal volume on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and cortical metabolism on fluorodeoxyglucose–positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in 188 MCI patients followed for at

In studies recruited on a voluntary basis, lack of representativity may impair the ability to generalize findings to the target population. Previous studies, primarily based on surveys, have suggested that generalizability may be improved by exploiting data on individuals who agreed to participate only after receiving one or several reminders, as such individuals may be more similar to non-partici

Lung cancer represents the leading cause of annual cancer-related deaths worldwide, accounting for 12.9%. The available treatment options for patients who experience disease progression remain limited. Targeted therapeutic approaches are promising but further understanding of the role of genetic alterations in tumorigenesis is imperative. The MET gene has garnered great interest in this regard. Th

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine, using a top-down genetic analysis, the degree of specificity of the genetic risk factors for individual forms of substance use disorders (SUD). Method: We examined and followed to December 31, 2018, all individuals born in Sweden between 1960 and 1990 (N = 2,772,752) diagnosed with any of the following six SUDs: alcohol use disorder (AUD), dru

In coastal and offshore waters, Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) currently threaten the well-being of coastal countries. These events, which can be localized or involve wide-ranging areas, pose risks to human health, marine ecosystems, and economic resources, such as tourism, fisheries, and aquaculture. Dynamics of HABs vary from one site to another, depending on the hydrographic and ecological conditi

This chapter explores the brand of Islamic children’s literature produced in diaspora, in order to discern how this supplementary educational tool has responded to key concerns of Islamic education. How is Islamic faith staged in diasporic literary depiction? What innovative formats are employed and how does such innovation affect the content? Rather than understanding this literature in terms of

Objectives: The insertion of grommets is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures in children. The underlying reason might be otitis media with effusion (OME) with concomitant hearing loss, recurrent acute otitis media (rAOM) or a combination of the two. Sweden has a national quality register for children receiving grommets with the purpose of evaluating how treatment guidelines are

Smoking affects several disease processes. Epidemiological studies have previously found a negative association between primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) and smoking. The aim of this study was to examine whether markers of disease activity and cytokine expression in pSS patients differ between ever and never smokers. Fifty-one consecutive pSS patients and 33 population controls were included in the

Background: A common complaint by people with tinnitus is that they experience that the tinnitus causes attention and concentration problems. Previous studies have examined how tinnitus influences cognitive performance on short and intensive cognitive tasks but without proper control of hearing status. Purpose: To examine the impact tinnitus and high-frequency hearing thresholds have on reading co

Background: There is increasing knowledge of how individual lifestyle factors affect patients with spondyloarthritis, while studies exploring the combination of unhealthy lifestyle factors are lacking. Thus, our aim was to study the frequency of two or more unhealthy lifestyle factors and their associations with physical and mental health in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA). Methods: A popula

To decrease the spread of the COVID-19 virus, public health officials in British Columbia, Canada ordered large-scale physical distancing requirements, leading to school and business closures, banning of large gatherings, and travel restrictions. These requirements shifted people’s occupational repertoires, with vulnerable populations (e.g., those with chronic health conditions) possibly being dif

Background A dreaded complication of strabismus surgery is anterior segment ischaemia (ASI), caused by damage to the anterior ciliary arteries. To avoid ASI, a maximum of two rectus muscles are operated on at a time. However, these surgical protocols are based on empirical observations of clinical outcome, rather than objective perfusion measurements. There is no method available for perioperative

Background: This international study aimed to characterise the impact of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection in people with cystic fibrosis and investigate factors associated with severe outcomes. Methods Data from 22 countries prior to 13th December 2020 and the introduction of vaccines were included. It was de-identified and included patient demographics, clinical characteristics, treatments, outcomes an

Background and purposeDiagnostic information about cell density variations and microscopic tissue anisotropy can be gained from tensor-valued diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These properties of tissue microstructure have the potential to become novel imaging biomarkers for radiotherapy response. However, tensor-valued diffusion encoding is more demanding than conventional encoding, and

East Africa experiences chronic food insecurity, with levels varying from year-to-year across the region. Given that much can be done to prevent this level of suffering before it happens, humanitarian agencies monitor early indicators of food insecurity to trigger early action. Forecasts of total seasonal rainfall are one tool used to monitor and anticipate food security outcomes. Factors beyond r

Introduction: Debilitating clinical complications in von Willebrand disease (VWD) can affect health-related quality of life (HRQoL), increase healthcare costs and cause long-lasting consequences. However, the magnitude of these burdens needs to be more fully explored. Aim: To estimate the prevalence and burden of clinical complications, the impact on HRQoL and the economic burden associated with V

The pharmacologic and pharmacokinetic properties were evaluated in a series of antiuterotonic oxytocin analogs, modified at positions 1, 2, 4, 8 and, in one case, position 9 of the oxytocin (OT) molecule. [Mpa1,D-Tyr2(Et),Val4,Orn8,desGly9]-OT, [Mpa1,Tyr2(Et),Val4,Orn8]-OT and [Mpa1,D-Tyr2,Val4,Orn8]-OT displayed similar plasma clearance rates (Clps) using the constant infusion method in rats. Two