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Background: Echocardiography involves strenuous postures of the upper limbs. This study explored the physical workload in the neck and upper limbs in sonographers performing echocardiography, and the extent to which the workload differs from than in other work tasks (other sonographic examinations, and nonsonographic tasks). Methods: The physical load was assessed by inclinometry, goniometry, and
We model collisions between pre-main-sequence stars using a smoothed particle hydrodynamics method. Assuming that all collisions lead to simple mergers, we use derived merger cross-sections to calculate the time-scale to make a 50-M-circle dot star by collisions within the core of a stellar cluster as a function of stellar number density. We show that a 50-M-circle dot star may be produced in this
Despite the widespread dissemination of clinical practice guidelines on the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD), CVD causes one third of deaths worldwide and almost half of all deaths in the developed world. It is therefore likely that, although some aspects of CVD management have improved, there is still a significant shortfall between what is known about CVD prevention and w
Aims: To determine the number of patients needed to be screened (NNS) and allocated (NNA) in order to include one participant in a randomized clinical trial (RCT), and to compare the characteristics of patients accepting or declining participation in the RCT. Methods: The recruitment process of an ongoing multicenter RCT, comparing surgical and non-surgical interventions after acute anterior cruci
Rice is one of the important staple foods for half of the world population particularly Asian countries for their livelihood, socio-economic and nutrition. Global warming is predicted to increase frequency of precipitation/rainfall, intensity of drought and solar-radiation/UV-B radiation which might affect the intensity and severity of rice pests in one hand, but also change in other friendly arth
AIMS: Hemiarthroplasty of the hip is usually carried out through either a direct lateral or posterior approach. The aim of this prospective observational study was to determine any differences in patient-reported outcomes between the two surgical approaches.PATIENTS AND METHODS: From the Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register we identified patients of 70 years and above who were recorded as having had
Civilprocessrättens systematik bygger till stor del på rättsliga principer. Två av dessa är jura novit curia och dispositionsprincipen. Principerna, som i några fall kommer till uttryck i lag, ger domstolen respektive parterna kontroll över olika delar av processen. Enligt jura novit curia har domstolen ensam rätt och plikt att tillämpa korrekta rättsregler på materialet som presenteras av parternThe systematics of Swedish civil procedural law is affected by legal principles. Two of these are the principle of disposition and the principle of jura novit curia. The principles divide responsibilities in the proceedings between the parties on one hand and the court on the other. According to the principle of jura novit curia the court has an exclusive duty and right to apply the correct law on
The aim of this study was to depict the situation of people with a HIV-diagnosis in Sweden today. In my study, based on 6 biographies from HIV-positive people, 3 of these from men who has sexual contacts with other men and 3 from heterosexual women, I used qualitative content analysis to read the stories and find important themes. To find these themes I used my research questions. They were as fol
I vilken utsträckning är det rimligt att friskriva sig från ansvar i ett kontraktsförhållande? Detta är en central fråga som behandlas i denna uppsats. Svaret på frågan är beroende av en strävan att upprätthålla en balans mellan å ena sidan principerna om pacta sunt servanda och avtalsfrihet, och behovet av att motverka oskälighet i avtalsförhållanden å andra sidan. Ett avgörande som skapat ny gTo what extent is it reasonable to exclude one’s liability in a contractual relationship? This is a key issue addressed in this paper. The answer depends on a desire to maintain a balance between the principles of pacta sunt servanda and freedom of contract on one hand, and the need to counteract the unfairness of contractual relations on the other. A ruling that has created new breeding ground f
The area of public procurement has a significant financial impact on the Union market, proven by the fact that 18% of the Union’s GDP is spent by public authorities on resources that are regulated by the legislative framework surrounding public procurement. Such a significant spending therefore has the possibility of controlling the behaviour of the supply side on the market by demonstrating what
The possibility to analyze district heating customers has increased in recent times. This is mainly because of the fact that hourly measured values for each customer now are available for the energy companies. This master thesis aims to categorize Lunds Energi’s district heat customers according to their consumption patterns. The result should be presented in such a way that all the categories cou
This thesis was conducted at Enics manufacturing unit in Västerås. This site employs 360 people out of a total of 2400 globally. The site produces electronics and is specialised toward low volumes and spare parts. The site has problems with high inventory levels, long lead times and less than preferred service level towards customers. This is the reason for the project which will investigate if it
År 2015 kom över 35 000 ensamkommande barn till Sverige för att söka asyl. Endast 12 % av dem lämnade in någon sorts skriftlig handling, exempelvis en id-handling, som eventuellt kunde bekräfta deras identitet. Eftersom regeringen beräknade att antalet ensamkommande asylsökande barn skulle ligga på en fortsatt hög nivå under de kommande åren beslutade regeringen den 19 maj 2016 att uppdra åt RättsIn 2015, more than 35 000 unaccompanied children came to Sweden to seek asylum and only 12 % of them submitted some form of written document, for example an identity card, to confirm their identity. Due to the predicted high levels of unaccompanied asylum-seeking children, the Swedish Government decided on 19 May 2016 to instruct National Board of Forensic Medicine to begin implementing medical ag
Yttrandefriheten har en framträdande roll i det svenska demokratiska samhället, men begränsas genom vissa inskränkningsmöjligheter. En av dessa utgörs av brottet hets mot folkgrupp som syftar till att skydda utsatta grupper från hot och kränkningar. När detta ändamål möter yttrandefrihetens starka ställning uppstår svåra frågor. Var går egentligen gränsen mellan sakligt befogad kritik och straffbaThe freedom of speech plays a prominent role in the Swedish democratic society, but is limited by certain restrictions. One of these restrictions is the offense of agitation against an ethnic group, which aims to protect vulnerable groups from threats and insults. When this purpose clashes with the strong position of freedom of speech, difficult questions arise. Where do we really draw the line be
One response to mitigate climate change is the replacement of conventional products with more environmentally friendly ones. The increased popularity of organic food can be said to be an effect of this development. This popularity has in combination with the prosocial characteristic of organic food and its associated price premium made sustainable consumption a political question, as it raises que
Cancer is a disease affecting many people where a possible treatment is immunotherapy. Immunotherapy has possible side effects called immune-related adverse events (irAEs) where cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is one. CRS differs in severity and an increased amount of cytokines are secreted. In this project, the aim was to explore key events of irAEs and to develop an assay to predict CRS. The eff
Denna kandidatuppsats undersöker gällande krav på mens rea för att företagsrepresentanter ska kunna hållas juridiskt ansvariga för medverkan i krigsbrott begångna av Stater inom ramen för icke-internationella väpnade konflikter. En alltmer vedertagen uppfattning är att företag som bedriver affärsverksamhet i konflikthärjade områden kan ha en negativ påverkan på den aktuella konflikten samt, i vissThis thesis examines the levels of mens rea required for corporate actors to be held liable for complicity in war crimes committed by States in non- international armed conflicts. The notion that corporations acting in conflict- torn areas can affect negatively upon the state of conflicts and in some cases even contribute to the commission of war crimes by other actors is becoming increasingly acc
Miljövänligt och hållbart byggande har blivit en alltmer betydande fråga både globalt och i Sverige. Med en ökande befolkning och stigande krav på levnadsstandard har behovet av att använda material och resurser ökat avsevärt, vilket har lett till ökade miljöutmaningar. I Sverige står byggsektorn ensam för cirka 21 procent av de totala växthusgasutsläppen, exklusive utsläpp från importerade varor.Environmentally friendly and sustainable construction is an increasingly important matter worldwide and in Sweden. The growing population, coupled with rising demands for living standards, has led to a greater use of materials and goods, resulting in increased environmental problems. In Sweden, the construction sector accounts for approximately 21 percent of total greenhouse gas emissions, excludi
Structured Abstract: Purpose of this paper Logisticians propose changes to improve supply chains, and legal practitioners do likewise, but from a different perspective. Proposals from one domain increasingly have an impact on the other due to e.g. globalization – but cross-disciplinary knowledge often seems limited. Our purpose is to facilitate interaction between the domains by increasing the le
